TEST BANK for Ethics and Issues in Contemporary
Nursing 3rd Edition by Burkhardt & Walton
what are the 4 ethical theories? - ANSWER: 1. duty oriented
2. rights oriented
3. goal oriented
4. intuitionist
what is autonomy? - ANSWER: the commitment to include patients in decisions
what are the 4 elements of autonomy? - ANSWER: 1. respect for other's
2. ability to determine personal goals
3. complete understanding of choices
4. freedom to implement the choice/plan
what is beneficence? - ANSWER: to act in the best interest of others
what are the 3 elements of beneficence? - ANSWER: 1. to promote good
2. to prevent harm or evil
3. to remove harm or evil
what is justice? - ANSWER: being fair
what is fidelity? - ANSWER: agreement to keep promises
what is confidentiality? - ANSWER: privacy
what is non-maleficence? - ANSWER: duty to do no harm (if harm comes to a patient
it may be intentional or non-intentional, bleach example)
who sets the code of ethics for nurses? - ANSWER: 1. ANA
2. state boards
what are the 3 codes of ethics (what are codes of ethics)? - ANSWER: 1. a set of
guiding principles that all members of a profession accept
2. helps professional groups settle questions, standards of practice, or behavior
3. includes advocacy, responsibility, accountability, and confidentiality
what are the 3 purposes of ethics? - ANSWER: 1. to inform the public about the
minimum standards of the profession
2. to help the public understand professional nursing conduct
3. to provide a sign of the profession's commitment to the public
what is a value? - ANSWER: a personal belief about the worth of a given idea,
attitude, custom, or object that sets standards that influence behavior
, what is value formation? - ANSWER: how someone's values are formed (ex. of child
soldiers, that's how they're raised and brought up to be)
what is value clarification? - ANSWER: making sure we understand what the patient's
values are
what are the 7 steps in order of how to process an ethical dilemma? - ANSWER: 1.
ask if this is an ethical dilemma
2. gather all relevant information
3. clarify values
4. verbalize the problem
5. identify possible courses of action
6. negotiate a plan
7. evaluate the plan
what are the 4 issues in bioethics? - ANSWER: 1. quality of life (it's not for us to
decide if this is anyone's quality of life or not)
2. futile care (ex. residents practicing codes on nearly dead patients)
3. allocating scarce resources (ex. there's only 1 IV bag on the floor and 2 patient's
that need it right away, who gets it?)
4. nursing shortage (mandatory overtime, you cannot leave if they need you, it's
abandoning your patients!)
what are the 6 common ethical issues in nursing? - ANSWER: 1. issues in the care of
HIV/AIDS patients
2. abortions
3. organ transplantation (is the list fair?)
4. end of life decisions and DNR orders
5. cost containment issues (resource allocation)
6. breaches of client confidentiality
what are the 8 parts that enhance ethical decision making? - ANSWER: 1. becoming
aware of personal values and ethical aspects of nursing
2. becoming familiar with nursing code of ethics
3. seeking continuing education to remain knowledgeable about ethical issues in
nursing
4. respecting the values, opinions, and responsibilities of other health care
professionals
5. participating in or establishing ethic rounds
6. serving on institutional ethics committees
7. striving for collaborative practices
8. adhere to the process for resolving ethical dilemmas
what are the 3 legal considerations and implications? - ANSWER: 1. safe nursing
practice includes knowledge of the laws that affect nursing practice
2. nurses are accountable for their own actions and obligations
Nursing 3rd Edition by Burkhardt & Walton
what are the 4 ethical theories? - ANSWER: 1. duty oriented
2. rights oriented
3. goal oriented
4. intuitionist
what is autonomy? - ANSWER: the commitment to include patients in decisions
what are the 4 elements of autonomy? - ANSWER: 1. respect for other's
2. ability to determine personal goals
3. complete understanding of choices
4. freedom to implement the choice/plan
what is beneficence? - ANSWER: to act in the best interest of others
what are the 3 elements of beneficence? - ANSWER: 1. to promote good
2. to prevent harm or evil
3. to remove harm or evil
what is justice? - ANSWER: being fair
what is fidelity? - ANSWER: agreement to keep promises
what is confidentiality? - ANSWER: privacy
what is non-maleficence? - ANSWER: duty to do no harm (if harm comes to a patient
it may be intentional or non-intentional, bleach example)
who sets the code of ethics for nurses? - ANSWER: 1. ANA
2. state boards
what are the 3 codes of ethics (what are codes of ethics)? - ANSWER: 1. a set of
guiding principles that all members of a profession accept
2. helps professional groups settle questions, standards of practice, or behavior
3. includes advocacy, responsibility, accountability, and confidentiality
what are the 3 purposes of ethics? - ANSWER: 1. to inform the public about the
minimum standards of the profession
2. to help the public understand professional nursing conduct
3. to provide a sign of the profession's commitment to the public
what is a value? - ANSWER: a personal belief about the worth of a given idea,
attitude, custom, or object that sets standards that influence behavior
, what is value formation? - ANSWER: how someone's values are formed (ex. of child
soldiers, that's how they're raised and brought up to be)
what is value clarification? - ANSWER: making sure we understand what the patient's
values are
what are the 7 steps in order of how to process an ethical dilemma? - ANSWER: 1.
ask if this is an ethical dilemma
2. gather all relevant information
3. clarify values
4. verbalize the problem
5. identify possible courses of action
6. negotiate a plan
7. evaluate the plan
what are the 4 issues in bioethics? - ANSWER: 1. quality of life (it's not for us to
decide if this is anyone's quality of life or not)
2. futile care (ex. residents practicing codes on nearly dead patients)
3. allocating scarce resources (ex. there's only 1 IV bag on the floor and 2 patient's
that need it right away, who gets it?)
4. nursing shortage (mandatory overtime, you cannot leave if they need you, it's
abandoning your patients!)
what are the 6 common ethical issues in nursing? - ANSWER: 1. issues in the care of
HIV/AIDS patients
2. abortions
3. organ transplantation (is the list fair?)
4. end of life decisions and DNR orders
5. cost containment issues (resource allocation)
6. breaches of client confidentiality
what are the 8 parts that enhance ethical decision making? - ANSWER: 1. becoming
aware of personal values and ethical aspects of nursing
2. becoming familiar with nursing code of ethics
3. seeking continuing education to remain knowledgeable about ethical issues in
nursing
4. respecting the values, opinions, and responsibilities of other health care
professionals
5. participating in or establishing ethic rounds
6. serving on institutional ethics committees
7. striving for collaborative practices
8. adhere to the process for resolving ethical dilemmas
what are the 3 legal considerations and implications? - ANSWER: 1. safe nursing
practice includes knowledge of the laws that affect nursing practice
2. nurses are accountable for their own actions and obligations
