Test Bank For Fundamentals of Nursing 8th Edition By Patricia
Potter; Anne Perry; Patricia Stockert; Amy Hall
9780323079334 Chapter 1-50 Complete Guide .
Movement - ANSWER: Visible aspect and contributes to self-worth and well-being
Mobility - ANSWER: Used to show self-defense, perform activities of daily living
(ADLs) and recreational activities
Body mechanics - ANSWER: Coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous
system
Body alignment - ANSWER: Reduces strain, maintains muscle tone, comfort,
conserves energy
Balance - ANSWER: Required to maintain a static position
Friction - ANSWER: Force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement
Long bones - ANSWER: Contribute to height
Short bones - ANSWER: Occur in clusters (carpal bones in the foot)
Flat bones - ANSWER: Provide structural contour (skull)
Irregular bones - ANSWER: Make up the vertebral column and some bones of the
skull
Pathological fractures - ANSWER: Caused by weakened bone tissue
Synostosis joint - ANSWER: Bones jointed by bones with no movement
Cartilaginous joint - ANSWER: Unites bony components
Fibrous joint - ANSWER: joint in which a ligament unites two bony surfaces (paired
bones of the lower leg)
Synovial joint - ANSWER: Ball and Socket Joint (hip)
Ligaments - ANSWER: Fibrous tissue that connect ones an cartilages
Tendons - ANSWER: Connect muscle to bone
Cartilage - ANSWER: Nonvascular, supporting tissue (joints and thorax)
, concentric tension - ANSWER: Increased muscle contraction causes muscle
shortening resulting in movement
Eccentric tension - ANSWER: Helps control the speed and direction of movement
Isotonic contraction - ANSWER: Active movement between concentric and eccentric
muscle actions
Isometric contraction - ANSWER: Causes an increase in muscle tension or muscle
work but no shortening or active movement
Leverage - ANSWER: Inducing or compelling force
Posture - ANSWER: Position of the body in relation to the surrounding space
Muscle tone - ANSWER: Normal state of balanced muscle tension
Torticollis - ANSWER: Inclining of head to affected side, in which sternocleidomastoid
muscle is contracted
Lordosis - ANSWER: Exaggeration of anterior convex curve of lumbar spine
Kyphosis - ANSWER: Increased convexity in curvature of thoracic spine
Scoliosis - ANSWER: Lateral S- or C-shaped spinal column with vertebral rotation,
unequal heights of hips and shoulders
Congential hip dysplasia - ANSWER: Hip instability with limited abduction of hips and,
occasionally, adduction contractures (head of femur does not articulate with
acetabulum because of abnormal shallowness of acetabulum)
knock-knee - ANSWER: Legs curved inward so that knees come together as person
walks
Bowlegs - ANSWER: One or both legs bent outward at knee, which is normal until 2
to 3 years of age
Clubfoot - ANSWER: 95%: medial deviation and plantar flexion of foot (equinovarus)
5%: lateral deviation and dorsiflexion (calcaneovalgus)
Footdrop - ANSWER: Inability to dorsiflex and invert foot because of peroneal nerve
damage
Pigeon Toes - ANSWER: Internal rotation of forefoot or entire foot; common in
infants
Potter; Anne Perry; Patricia Stockert; Amy Hall
9780323079334 Chapter 1-50 Complete Guide .
Movement - ANSWER: Visible aspect and contributes to self-worth and well-being
Mobility - ANSWER: Used to show self-defense, perform activities of daily living
(ADLs) and recreational activities
Body mechanics - ANSWER: Coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal and nervous
system
Body alignment - ANSWER: Reduces strain, maintains muscle tone, comfort,
conserves energy
Balance - ANSWER: Required to maintain a static position
Friction - ANSWER: Force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement
Long bones - ANSWER: Contribute to height
Short bones - ANSWER: Occur in clusters (carpal bones in the foot)
Flat bones - ANSWER: Provide structural contour (skull)
Irregular bones - ANSWER: Make up the vertebral column and some bones of the
skull
Pathological fractures - ANSWER: Caused by weakened bone tissue
Synostosis joint - ANSWER: Bones jointed by bones with no movement
Cartilaginous joint - ANSWER: Unites bony components
Fibrous joint - ANSWER: joint in which a ligament unites two bony surfaces (paired
bones of the lower leg)
Synovial joint - ANSWER: Ball and Socket Joint (hip)
Ligaments - ANSWER: Fibrous tissue that connect ones an cartilages
Tendons - ANSWER: Connect muscle to bone
Cartilage - ANSWER: Nonvascular, supporting tissue (joints and thorax)
, concentric tension - ANSWER: Increased muscle contraction causes muscle
shortening resulting in movement
Eccentric tension - ANSWER: Helps control the speed and direction of movement
Isotonic contraction - ANSWER: Active movement between concentric and eccentric
muscle actions
Isometric contraction - ANSWER: Causes an increase in muscle tension or muscle
work but no shortening or active movement
Leverage - ANSWER: Inducing or compelling force
Posture - ANSWER: Position of the body in relation to the surrounding space
Muscle tone - ANSWER: Normal state of balanced muscle tension
Torticollis - ANSWER: Inclining of head to affected side, in which sternocleidomastoid
muscle is contracted
Lordosis - ANSWER: Exaggeration of anterior convex curve of lumbar spine
Kyphosis - ANSWER: Increased convexity in curvature of thoracic spine
Scoliosis - ANSWER: Lateral S- or C-shaped spinal column with vertebral rotation,
unequal heights of hips and shoulders
Congential hip dysplasia - ANSWER: Hip instability with limited abduction of hips and,
occasionally, adduction contractures (head of femur does not articulate with
acetabulum because of abnormal shallowness of acetabulum)
knock-knee - ANSWER: Legs curved inward so that knees come together as person
walks
Bowlegs - ANSWER: One or both legs bent outward at knee, which is normal until 2
to 3 years of age
Clubfoot - ANSWER: 95%: medial deviation and plantar flexion of foot (equinovarus)
5%: lateral deviation and dorsiflexion (calcaneovalgus)
Footdrop - ANSWER: Inability to dorsiflex and invert foot because of peroneal nerve
damage
Pigeon Toes - ANSWER: Internal rotation of forefoot or entire foot; common in
infants
