1st degree AV block - Answer-PROLONGED PR INTERVAL
-every impulse conducted by ventricles
-tx...continue to monitor
/.2nd degree AV block - Answer--type 1: morbitz, wenckeback, PR interval lengthens to
where P wave isn't conducted, caused by CAD and ischemia and drugs, tx is atropine if
symptomatic
-type 2: morbitz II, PR interval normal, blocked QRS, due to bundle branches in heart
disease, progressive, tx is pacemaker
/.3 sinus rhythm - Answer-1. normal sinus: 60-100
2. sinus bradycardia: <60
3. sinus tachycardia: 101-180
-originates in sinus node
-upright p wave and QRS interval and constant rate
/.3 stages of HIV - Answer-1. Acute infection: viral load increased, asymptomatic, 1-12
weeks
2. Clinical latency: chronic HIV infection, 10 years, no sx
3. AIDS: sx finally appear after 10 years and CD4 <200
/.3rd degree AV block - Answer-independent beating of atrium and ventricles
-leads of syncope, HF, shock
-tx is pacemaker
-cuase is severe heart disease
/.absolute refractory period - Answer-period where heart cant respond to stimuli after
previous impulse
/.acute decompensated HF - Answer-acute exacerbation of heart failure
-early sx...increased RR, low PaO2, >3LB WEIGHT GAIN IN 2 DAYS
-late sx...tachypnea, alveolar edema, low pH, respiratory acidosis, pulmonary edema,
PINK FROTHY SPUTUM, drowning sensation, anxiety, cool, clammy
-tx...MORPHINE
/.acute pericarditis - Answer-inflammation of the pericardial sac
-cause...viral, MI, idiopathic, Dressler syndrome
-sx...chest pain, friction rub, sharp severe pain referred to left shoulder worse with
inspiration and lying down
-complication...pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade
-tx...tripod position, antibiotics, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, pericardiocentesis (remove fluid
w needle)
, /.adjustable gastric banding - Answer-limits stomach size with inflatable band around
fundus
/.AIDS opportunistic infections - Answer--oral thrush: white tongue and throat, oral care
-shingles
-herpes
-oral hairy leukoplakia: grey lesions on lateral tongue due to Epstein Barr herpes
-kaposi sarcoma: CANCER spots on skin
-pneumocytis jiroveci: pneumonia sx
/.android obesity - Answer-excess body fat that is placed predominantly within the
abdomen and upper body, as opposed to the hips and thighs, most at risk for
complications
/.ART - Answer-antiretroviral therapy
-goal: decrease viral load increase CD4, no sx, delay progression, prevent transmission
-start when immunosuppressed to promote adherence
-drug resistance even if a few doses missed
-take w food
-take during pregnancy
/.asystole - Answer-no cardiac activity in 2 leads
-tx...CPR
/.atrial fibrillation - Answer-total disorganization of atrial electrical activity bc ectopic
firing
-atrial rate 300-600
-NON IDENTIFIABLE P WAVE
-QRS narrow
-irregular rhythm
-causes STROKES
-risk...age, heart disease, 2ND POST OP DAY
-types...paroxysmal (sneaky and dangerous), persistent (dangerous), RVR (BAD HR
>100)
-tx...cardizem, cardioversion, ablation, anticoagulant
/.atrial flutter - Answer--sawtooth waves from atrium
-AV node blocks some impulses
-associated w disease
-sx when atrial "kick" is lost and decreased CO leads to HF
-increased stroke risk
-tx...cardizem, antidysrhythmia, cardioversion, ablation
-goal...slow ventricular response
/.atrial regurgitation - Answer-blood flows back into left ventricle from aorta during
diastole
-every impulse conducted by ventricles
-tx...continue to monitor
/.2nd degree AV block - Answer--type 1: morbitz, wenckeback, PR interval lengthens to
where P wave isn't conducted, caused by CAD and ischemia and drugs, tx is atropine if
symptomatic
-type 2: morbitz II, PR interval normal, blocked QRS, due to bundle branches in heart
disease, progressive, tx is pacemaker
/.3 sinus rhythm - Answer-1. normal sinus: 60-100
2. sinus bradycardia: <60
3. sinus tachycardia: 101-180
-originates in sinus node
-upright p wave and QRS interval and constant rate
/.3 stages of HIV - Answer-1. Acute infection: viral load increased, asymptomatic, 1-12
weeks
2. Clinical latency: chronic HIV infection, 10 years, no sx
3. AIDS: sx finally appear after 10 years and CD4 <200
/.3rd degree AV block - Answer-independent beating of atrium and ventricles
-leads of syncope, HF, shock
-tx is pacemaker
-cuase is severe heart disease
/.absolute refractory period - Answer-period where heart cant respond to stimuli after
previous impulse
/.acute decompensated HF - Answer-acute exacerbation of heart failure
-early sx...increased RR, low PaO2, >3LB WEIGHT GAIN IN 2 DAYS
-late sx...tachypnea, alveolar edema, low pH, respiratory acidosis, pulmonary edema,
PINK FROTHY SPUTUM, drowning sensation, anxiety, cool, clammy
-tx...MORPHINE
/.acute pericarditis - Answer-inflammation of the pericardial sac
-cause...viral, MI, idiopathic, Dressler syndrome
-sx...chest pain, friction rub, sharp severe pain referred to left shoulder worse with
inspiration and lying down
-complication...pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade
-tx...tripod position, antibiotics, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, pericardiocentesis (remove fluid
w needle)
, /.adjustable gastric banding - Answer-limits stomach size with inflatable band around
fundus
/.AIDS opportunistic infections - Answer--oral thrush: white tongue and throat, oral care
-shingles
-herpes
-oral hairy leukoplakia: grey lesions on lateral tongue due to Epstein Barr herpes
-kaposi sarcoma: CANCER spots on skin
-pneumocytis jiroveci: pneumonia sx
/.android obesity - Answer-excess body fat that is placed predominantly within the
abdomen and upper body, as opposed to the hips and thighs, most at risk for
complications
/.ART - Answer-antiretroviral therapy
-goal: decrease viral load increase CD4, no sx, delay progression, prevent transmission
-start when immunosuppressed to promote adherence
-drug resistance even if a few doses missed
-take w food
-take during pregnancy
/.asystole - Answer-no cardiac activity in 2 leads
-tx...CPR
/.atrial fibrillation - Answer-total disorganization of atrial electrical activity bc ectopic
firing
-atrial rate 300-600
-NON IDENTIFIABLE P WAVE
-QRS narrow
-irregular rhythm
-causes STROKES
-risk...age, heart disease, 2ND POST OP DAY
-types...paroxysmal (sneaky and dangerous), persistent (dangerous), RVR (BAD HR
>100)
-tx...cardizem, cardioversion, ablation, anticoagulant
/.atrial flutter - Answer--sawtooth waves from atrium
-AV node blocks some impulses
-associated w disease
-sx when atrial "kick" is lost and decreased CO leads to HF
-increased stroke risk
-tx...cardizem, antidysrhythmia, cardioversion, ablation
-goal...slow ventricular response
/.atrial regurgitation - Answer-blood flows back into left ventricle from aorta during
diastole
