NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Exam 2 (Latest 2021 /
2022) Rasmussen
What are the functions of the kidneys? - *answers* Regulation of blood pressure;
regulating blood osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D
What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy? - *answers*
dribbling; difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased stream
What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts? -
*answers* ADH- Anti Diuretic Hormone
What is type 2 diabetes characterized as? - *answers* peripheral tissue insulin
resistance
What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease? - *answers* Exophthalmos
(bulging eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism
What processes occur during fasting? - *answers* glucogenesis; glycogenesis
What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes? -
*answers* adipose/ fat
What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - *answers* myxedema, fatigue,
cold sensitivity, constipation, weight gain
What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? - *answers* Goiter, fatigue,
weight loss, infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain
What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism? - *answers* fatigue, body
aches, bone pain, depression, headaches, memory loss
What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism? - *answers* numbness,
tetany, parathesis, muscle spasms
What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis? - *answers* fruity breath,
drowsiness, nausea, thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting
What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation? - *answers* negative
feedback loop
, What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland? - *answers* Growth
Hormone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH,
ACTH and endorphins
What is diabetes insipidus? - *answers* a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of
ADH which causes excessive water loss
clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus - *answers* polyuria, nocturia, continuous
thirst, and polydipsia
clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? - *answers* Excessive secretion of
cortisol causes redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and
pendulous abdomen. -
Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch
marks - •
ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -
Approximately 1/2 develop mental status changes from irritability to severe psychiatric
disturbance -
Females may experience changes due to increased androgen levels
clinical manifestations of secondary hypothyroidism - *answers* Weakness. -
Fatigue. -
Cold intolerance. -
Constipation. -
Weight gain. -
Depression. -
Joint or muscle pain. -
Brittle fingernails.
clinical manifestations of primary hypothyroidism - *answers* fatigue. -
lethargy. -
sensitivity to cold. -
depression. -
muscle weakness.
clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism - *answers* hypertension and
hypokalemia
clinical manifestations of secondary aldosteronism - *answers* High blood pressure. -
Low level of potassium in the blood. -
Feeling tired all the time. -
Headache. -
Muscle weakness. -
Pathophysiology Exam 2 (Latest 2021 /
2022) Rasmussen
What are the functions of the kidneys? - *answers* Regulation of blood pressure;
regulating blood osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D
What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy? - *answers*
dribbling; difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased stream
What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts? -
*answers* ADH- Anti Diuretic Hormone
What is type 2 diabetes characterized as? - *answers* peripheral tissue insulin
resistance
What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease? - *answers* Exophthalmos
(bulging eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism
What processes occur during fasting? - *answers* glucogenesis; glycogenesis
What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes? -
*answers* adipose/ fat
What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - *answers* myxedema, fatigue,
cold sensitivity, constipation, weight gain
What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? - *answers* Goiter, fatigue,
weight loss, infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain
What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism? - *answers* fatigue, body
aches, bone pain, depression, headaches, memory loss
What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism? - *answers* numbness,
tetany, parathesis, muscle spasms
What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis? - *answers* fruity breath,
drowsiness, nausea, thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting
What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation? - *answers* negative
feedback loop
, What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland? - *answers* Growth
Hormone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH,
ACTH and endorphins
What is diabetes insipidus? - *answers* a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of
ADH which causes excessive water loss
clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus - *answers* polyuria, nocturia, continuous
thirst, and polydipsia
clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? - *answers* Excessive secretion of
cortisol causes redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and
pendulous abdomen. -
Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch
marks - •
ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -
Approximately 1/2 develop mental status changes from irritability to severe psychiatric
disturbance -
Females may experience changes due to increased androgen levels
clinical manifestations of secondary hypothyroidism - *answers* Weakness. -
Fatigue. -
Cold intolerance. -
Constipation. -
Weight gain. -
Depression. -
Joint or muscle pain. -
Brittle fingernails.
clinical manifestations of primary hypothyroidism - *answers* fatigue. -
lethargy. -
sensitivity to cold. -
depression. -
muscle weakness.
clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism - *answers* hypertension and
hypokalemia
clinical manifestations of secondary aldosteronism - *answers* High blood pressure. -
Low level of potassium in the blood. -
Feeling tired all the time. -
Headache. -
Muscle weakness. -
