Nur611 Exam 2, With 141 Questions And Proper
Answers 2024/2025
1. Serotonin functions: mood, arousal, cognition regulation
2. Norepinephrine: regulation of mood, arousal, attention, and cognition
3. dopamine: involved in mood, arousal, cognition, and motor control
4. acetylcholine: involved in sleep, arousal, and attention
5. Name 5 common differential mental health diagnoses in primary care.:
Anx-iety
Depression
Mood disorders
Somatoform disorders
Substance abuse
6. What is a somatoform disorder and how can they be investigated?: A disorder that
appears to have physical manifestations but no physical explanation, could be
voluntary or involuntary (malingering is a type or conversion disorder)
Thorough history so you can investigate whether or not it is a physical cause or not
7. Name some risk factors of depression.: Personal or family history
Recent stressful event
Significant childhood adversity
Chronic illness
Female gender
8. What is an important assessment for someone reporting memory problems?: Has
it been a sudden or chronic onset?
This can help determine if it is an infection or medication side effect versus dementia or
other altered mental state.
9. Differentiate between dementia and delirium in the following context:
Onset
Course
Duration
Sleep/wake cycle
General clinical illness or drug toxicity
give a general summary of mental status in each: Delirium: acute onset, fluctuating
course but worse at night, duration is hours to weeks, sleep wake is always disrupted, and
illness/toxicity are both or one is present.
, Dementia: gradual/insidious onset, slowly progressive course, months to years duration,
fragmented sleep, and usually no illness.
A delirious person is usually either somnolent or hyperactive with a disturbed LOC and
very disorganized thought. They have impaired judgment with disorientation. A
demented person usually has a normal LOC until the end of their illness and have
difficulty communicating with a flat mood and increasing impairment. Their orientation
is maintained till the end usually.
10. Skin cancer risk factors: Personal or family history
>50 common molse
Atypical large moles
Red or light hair
Solar lentigines (sun spots)
Freckl
es
Tanni
ng
light eye or skin color
Severe blistering sunburns in childhood
Immunosuppression
11. How can you perform a skin/hair/nails exam?: Can be full-body or integrated
(look at each part of the skin while looking at the associated symptom/area, going
head to toe)
Can be part of the ROS or its own
General survey
12. ABCDE of skin lesions: •Asymmetry: Symmetrical?
•Border: Regular or irregular border?
•Color: Uniform color or color changes?
•Diameter: Larger than 6mm?
•Elevation/Evolving: Elevated from surface and/or changing?
13. Newborn skin is more vulnerable due to...: larger surface area and thin layer
decreased sweat glands means risk for overheating
14. Newborn acne: not a concern, due to active sebaceous glands, comfort parents
15. acrocyanosis: normal in babies, sign of skin's vascular immaturity. causes blue
tinge in hands and feet
NOT normal if its around sternum or mouth
16. cutis marmorata: mottling in babies, nbd if it goes away
Answers 2024/2025
1. Serotonin functions: mood, arousal, cognition regulation
2. Norepinephrine: regulation of mood, arousal, attention, and cognition
3. dopamine: involved in mood, arousal, cognition, and motor control
4. acetylcholine: involved in sleep, arousal, and attention
5. Name 5 common differential mental health diagnoses in primary care.:
Anx-iety
Depression
Mood disorders
Somatoform disorders
Substance abuse
6. What is a somatoform disorder and how can they be investigated?: A disorder that
appears to have physical manifestations but no physical explanation, could be
voluntary or involuntary (malingering is a type or conversion disorder)
Thorough history so you can investigate whether or not it is a physical cause or not
7. Name some risk factors of depression.: Personal or family history
Recent stressful event
Significant childhood adversity
Chronic illness
Female gender
8. What is an important assessment for someone reporting memory problems?: Has
it been a sudden or chronic onset?
This can help determine if it is an infection or medication side effect versus dementia or
other altered mental state.
9. Differentiate between dementia and delirium in the following context:
Onset
Course
Duration
Sleep/wake cycle
General clinical illness or drug toxicity
give a general summary of mental status in each: Delirium: acute onset, fluctuating
course but worse at night, duration is hours to weeks, sleep wake is always disrupted, and
illness/toxicity are both or one is present.
, Dementia: gradual/insidious onset, slowly progressive course, months to years duration,
fragmented sleep, and usually no illness.
A delirious person is usually either somnolent or hyperactive with a disturbed LOC and
very disorganized thought. They have impaired judgment with disorientation. A
demented person usually has a normal LOC until the end of their illness and have
difficulty communicating with a flat mood and increasing impairment. Their orientation
is maintained till the end usually.
10. Skin cancer risk factors: Personal or family history
>50 common molse
Atypical large moles
Red or light hair
Solar lentigines (sun spots)
Freckl
es
Tanni
ng
light eye or skin color
Severe blistering sunburns in childhood
Immunosuppression
11. How can you perform a skin/hair/nails exam?: Can be full-body or integrated
(look at each part of the skin while looking at the associated symptom/area, going
head to toe)
Can be part of the ROS or its own
General survey
12. ABCDE of skin lesions: •Asymmetry: Symmetrical?
•Border: Regular or irregular border?
•Color: Uniform color or color changes?
•Diameter: Larger than 6mm?
•Elevation/Evolving: Elevated from surface and/or changing?
13. Newborn skin is more vulnerable due to...: larger surface area and thin layer
decreased sweat glands means risk for overheating
14. Newborn acne: not a concern, due to active sebaceous glands, comfort parents
15. acrocyanosis: normal in babies, sign of skin's vascular immaturity. causes blue
tinge in hands and feet
NOT normal if its around sternum or mouth
16. cutis marmorata: mottling in babies, nbd if it goes away
