Advanced Pediatric Assessment, 3rd Edition by Ellen M.
Chiocca, TEST BANK
When does the posterior fontanelle close? - ANSWER: 2 months
When does the anterior lateral fontanelle close? - ANSWER: 3 months
When does the posterior lateral fontanelle close? - ANSWER: 1 year
When does the anterior fontanelle close? - ANSWER: 2 years
cranyiosynostosis - ANSWER: when one or more sutures closes early restricting
growth of skull
elongated head in infant - ANSWER: scaphocephaly
caused by closure of sagittal suture
flattened infant head, uniformly, causing a wider and shorter shape and increased
head height - ANSWER: brachycephaly from lying supine too long
when you look down on infants head, it is parallelogram shaped, ears are misaligned
- ANSWER: Plagiocephaly
get helmet to correct shape
acute and recurrent childhood headache could be from? - ANSWER: migraine
cluster
chronic and non-progressive childhood headache could be from? - ANSWER: tension
psychiatric
post-injury
medication overuse
chronic and progressive childhood headache could be from? - ANSWER: idiopathic
intracranial HTN
space-occupying lesion
post-injury
acute localized childhood headache could be from? - ANSWER: associated with URI
or influenza
post-injury
related to oral cavity (TMJ, dental abscess)
Brain abscess
First migraine
acute generalized childhood headache could be from? - ANSWER: fever/illness
, CNS infection
HTN, hypertensive encephalopathy
Intracranial hemorrhage
Exertional
First migraine
Trauma
Toxins, medications, illicit substances
flick in movement of the eye noticed during eye exam indicates - ANSWER:
strabismus
in-toeing with patella turned inward - ANSWER: internal femoral torsion
*resolves by age 2 when they learn how to walk
in-toeing present but patella and feet point directly forward - ANSWER: Internal Tibia
Torsion
*resolves by age 2 when they learn how to walk
Noticedwhen toddler starts to walk, eversion of legs and external rotation of hips -
ANSWER: Toeing out
Spontaneously corrects 6-12 months
At rest, stands flat footed, but when starts to walk favor their toes
What is this? What is it associated wtih? - ANSWER: Toe Walking
associated with cerebral palsy, tethered spinal cord, muscular dystrophy
Genu Varnum = - ANSWER: Bow Legged
Genu Varnum - treatment? - ANSWER: spontaneously corrects by age 2 if physiologic
What can Genu Varnum be caused by? - ANSWER: Blount disease
Rickets
Skeletal dysplasia
Asymmetric growth
Genu Valgum = - ANSWER: Knock knees
occurs after genu varnum after age 2
What is Genu Valgum associated with and what can cause it? - ANSWER: Associated
with obesity
Causes: Rickets, post-traumatic, skeletal dysplasia
How do you test for developmental dysplasia of the hip in someone younger than 3
months? - ANSWER: Ortolani and Barlow Test
Chiocca, TEST BANK
When does the posterior fontanelle close? - ANSWER: 2 months
When does the anterior lateral fontanelle close? - ANSWER: 3 months
When does the posterior lateral fontanelle close? - ANSWER: 1 year
When does the anterior fontanelle close? - ANSWER: 2 years
cranyiosynostosis - ANSWER: when one or more sutures closes early restricting
growth of skull
elongated head in infant - ANSWER: scaphocephaly
caused by closure of sagittal suture
flattened infant head, uniformly, causing a wider and shorter shape and increased
head height - ANSWER: brachycephaly from lying supine too long
when you look down on infants head, it is parallelogram shaped, ears are misaligned
- ANSWER: Plagiocephaly
get helmet to correct shape
acute and recurrent childhood headache could be from? - ANSWER: migraine
cluster
chronic and non-progressive childhood headache could be from? - ANSWER: tension
psychiatric
post-injury
medication overuse
chronic and progressive childhood headache could be from? - ANSWER: idiopathic
intracranial HTN
space-occupying lesion
post-injury
acute localized childhood headache could be from? - ANSWER: associated with URI
or influenza
post-injury
related to oral cavity (TMJ, dental abscess)
Brain abscess
First migraine
acute generalized childhood headache could be from? - ANSWER: fever/illness
, CNS infection
HTN, hypertensive encephalopathy
Intracranial hemorrhage
Exertional
First migraine
Trauma
Toxins, medications, illicit substances
flick in movement of the eye noticed during eye exam indicates - ANSWER:
strabismus
in-toeing with patella turned inward - ANSWER: internal femoral torsion
*resolves by age 2 when they learn how to walk
in-toeing present but patella and feet point directly forward - ANSWER: Internal Tibia
Torsion
*resolves by age 2 when they learn how to walk
Noticedwhen toddler starts to walk, eversion of legs and external rotation of hips -
ANSWER: Toeing out
Spontaneously corrects 6-12 months
At rest, stands flat footed, but when starts to walk favor their toes
What is this? What is it associated wtih? - ANSWER: Toe Walking
associated with cerebral palsy, tethered spinal cord, muscular dystrophy
Genu Varnum = - ANSWER: Bow Legged
Genu Varnum - treatment? - ANSWER: spontaneously corrects by age 2 if physiologic
What can Genu Varnum be caused by? - ANSWER: Blount disease
Rickets
Skeletal dysplasia
Asymmetric growth
Genu Valgum = - ANSWER: Knock knees
occurs after genu varnum after age 2
What is Genu Valgum associated with and what can cause it? - ANSWER: Associated
with obesity
Causes: Rickets, post-traumatic, skeletal dysplasia
How do you test for developmental dysplasia of the hip in someone younger than 3
months? - ANSWER: Ortolani and Barlow Test
