Il 2 8. Cell
.
Respiration 11
Respiration is the controlled release of energy from
organic compounds in cells to form ATP
respiration
CHinOg + 602 , GCO2 + 6Hy0
acrobic respiration V
glucose ATP
a better yield of
24-00
*
1000
ADP
Pi ATA
ATP is used for
-
muscle contraction
-
protein synthesis
-
active transport
-
all signalling
-
DNA/RNA replication
-
· All processes release heat energy
-
·
The heat energy initially can be used to raise the
·temperature of the organism
·
Lost heat energy cannot be used for metabolic processes
-
Reactions are
controlled by enzymes,
they catalysed pathways and
cycles and is controlled
,
by end product inhibition.
, First stage of cell respiration
Glycolysis is the breakdown
of one molecule of glucose
into two molecules of
pyruvate with a small net
yield of ATP
-
in the cytoplasm
-
does NOT require O2
In order to be able to continue with glycolysis
the cells needs to change the pyruvate into
another substance so that pyruvate does not
accumulate and stop the reaction
e .
g. yeast pyruvate
: >
-
ethand carbon dioxide
,
human cells :
pyruvate >
-
lactate - anaerobic
Anaerobic cell respiration is used in brewing (beer production)
-
ethand -
brewing and taking
alkoholevaporates
-
-baknone
Lactate production is required to maximise the
power of muscle contraction = cause of muscle cramps
Body can only supply a limited amount of 82
↳ limited amount of acrobic respiration which is relatively slow
,
process
.
Respiration 11
Respiration is the controlled release of energy from
organic compounds in cells to form ATP
respiration
CHinOg + 602 , GCO2 + 6Hy0
acrobic respiration V
glucose ATP
a better yield of
24-00
*
1000
ADP
Pi ATA
ATP is used for
-
muscle contraction
-
protein synthesis
-
active transport
-
all signalling
-
DNA/RNA replication
-
· All processes release heat energy
-
·
The heat energy initially can be used to raise the
·temperature of the organism
·
Lost heat energy cannot be used for metabolic processes
-
Reactions are
controlled by enzymes,
they catalysed pathways and
cycles and is controlled
,
by end product inhibition.
, First stage of cell respiration
Glycolysis is the breakdown
of one molecule of glucose
into two molecules of
pyruvate with a small net
yield of ATP
-
in the cytoplasm
-
does NOT require O2
In order to be able to continue with glycolysis
the cells needs to change the pyruvate into
another substance so that pyruvate does not
accumulate and stop the reaction
e .
g. yeast pyruvate
: >
-
ethand carbon dioxide
,
human cells :
pyruvate >
-
lactate - anaerobic
Anaerobic cell respiration is used in brewing (beer production)
-
ethand -
brewing and taking
alkoholevaporates
-
-baknone
Lactate production is required to maximise the
power of muscle contraction = cause of muscle cramps
Body can only supply a limited amount of 82
↳ limited amount of acrobic respiration which is relatively slow
,
process
