TEST BANK and STUDY GUIDE For Davis Advantage for
Understanding Medical-Surgical Nursing 7th Edition By Linda
S. Williams | Verified Chapter s 1 - 57 | Complete Newest
Version
What is pain? - ANSWER: whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing
whenever the experiencing person says it does
_________ often accompanies pain. - ANSWER: suffering
What is the most common reason that patients as for more pain medicine? -
ANSWER: because they have increased pain
What is tolerance? - ANSWER: a normal biological adaptation (takes a larger dose to
provide the same level of pain relief)
What is physical dependence? - ANSWER: a normal physiological phenomenon that
most people experience after a few weeks of continuous opioid use
What are the signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal syndrome? - ANSWER:
sweating, tearing, runny nose, restlessness, irritability, tremors, dilated pupils,
sleeplessness, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
How can opioid withdrawal syndrome be prevented? - ANSWER: by weaning a
patient slowly from an opioid rather than stopping it suddenly.
What is psychological dependence? - ANSWER: behaviors that include one or more
of the following: impaired control over drug use, compulsive use, continued use
despite harm, and craving
What is pseudoaddiction? - ANSWER: patients that are receiving opioid doses that
are too low or spaced too far apart to relieve their pain, and certain behavioral
characteristics resembling psychological dependence such as drug-seeking behaviors
have developed
A patient with pseudoaddiction stops drug seeking behaviors when the _______ is
relieved. - ANSWER: pain
What are the four processes in which pain is transmitted? - ANSWER: Transduction
Transmission
Perception
Modulation
, Transduction - ANSWER: represents the initiation of the stimulus and conversion of
that stimulus into an electrical impulse at the time of the injury
Neurotransmitters - ANSWER: chemical substances released from damaged tissue
What substances are included in neurotransmitters? - ANSWER: prostaglandins,
bradykinin, serotonin, and substance P
Transmission - ANSWER: the process of moving a painful message from the
preipheral nerve ending through the dorsal root ganglion and the acending tract of
the spinal cord to the brain
Perception - ANSWER: actually feeling the pain
What is the response of the hypothalamus during perception? - ANSWER: activates
and controls emotional input and also generates purposeful goal directed behavior
What receives the pain message during perception? - ANSWER: cerebral cortex
Modulation - ANSWER: the body's attempt to interrupt pain impulses by releasing
endogenous (naturally occurring) opioids
Endorphins - ANSWER: endogenous chemicals that act like opioids; inhibiting pain
impulses in the spinal cord and brain
Enkephalins - ANSWER: one type of endorphin
What degrades too quickly to be considered an effective analgesic? - ANSWER:
endorphins
What are the mechanisms of pain transmission? - ANSWER: nocicpetive and
neuropathic
Nociception - ANSWER: the body's normal reaction to noxious stimuli, such as tissue
damage, with the release of pain producing substances.
What is referred pain? - ANSWER: nociceptive pain in the visceral organs that may be
felt in other parts of the body
Neuropathic Pain - ANSWER: pain associated with injury to either the peripheral or
central nervous system; not localized and may spread to involve other areas along
the nerve pathway
Acute pain - ANSWER: pain that follows injury to the body, prompting an
inflammatory response, and subsides as healing take place
Understanding Medical-Surgical Nursing 7th Edition By Linda
S. Williams | Verified Chapter s 1 - 57 | Complete Newest
Version
What is pain? - ANSWER: whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing
whenever the experiencing person says it does
_________ often accompanies pain. - ANSWER: suffering
What is the most common reason that patients as for more pain medicine? -
ANSWER: because they have increased pain
What is tolerance? - ANSWER: a normal biological adaptation (takes a larger dose to
provide the same level of pain relief)
What is physical dependence? - ANSWER: a normal physiological phenomenon that
most people experience after a few weeks of continuous opioid use
What are the signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal syndrome? - ANSWER:
sweating, tearing, runny nose, restlessness, irritability, tremors, dilated pupils,
sleeplessness, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
How can opioid withdrawal syndrome be prevented? - ANSWER: by weaning a
patient slowly from an opioid rather than stopping it suddenly.
What is psychological dependence? - ANSWER: behaviors that include one or more
of the following: impaired control over drug use, compulsive use, continued use
despite harm, and craving
What is pseudoaddiction? - ANSWER: patients that are receiving opioid doses that
are too low or spaced too far apart to relieve their pain, and certain behavioral
characteristics resembling psychological dependence such as drug-seeking behaviors
have developed
A patient with pseudoaddiction stops drug seeking behaviors when the _______ is
relieved. - ANSWER: pain
What are the four processes in which pain is transmitted? - ANSWER: Transduction
Transmission
Perception
Modulation
, Transduction - ANSWER: represents the initiation of the stimulus and conversion of
that stimulus into an electrical impulse at the time of the injury
Neurotransmitters - ANSWER: chemical substances released from damaged tissue
What substances are included in neurotransmitters? - ANSWER: prostaglandins,
bradykinin, serotonin, and substance P
Transmission - ANSWER: the process of moving a painful message from the
preipheral nerve ending through the dorsal root ganglion and the acending tract of
the spinal cord to the brain
Perception - ANSWER: actually feeling the pain
What is the response of the hypothalamus during perception? - ANSWER: activates
and controls emotional input and also generates purposeful goal directed behavior
What receives the pain message during perception? - ANSWER: cerebral cortex
Modulation - ANSWER: the body's attempt to interrupt pain impulses by releasing
endogenous (naturally occurring) opioids
Endorphins - ANSWER: endogenous chemicals that act like opioids; inhibiting pain
impulses in the spinal cord and brain
Enkephalins - ANSWER: one type of endorphin
What degrades too quickly to be considered an effective analgesic? - ANSWER:
endorphins
What are the mechanisms of pain transmission? - ANSWER: nocicpetive and
neuropathic
Nociception - ANSWER: the body's normal reaction to noxious stimuli, such as tissue
damage, with the release of pain producing substances.
What is referred pain? - ANSWER: nociceptive pain in the visceral organs that may be
felt in other parts of the body
Neuropathic Pain - ANSWER: pain associated with injury to either the peripheral or
central nervous system; not localized and may spread to involve other areas along
the nerve pathway
Acute pain - ANSWER: pain that follows injury to the body, prompting an
inflammatory response, and subsides as healing take place
