TEST BANK For American Government: Political Development
and Institutional Change 12th Edition by Cal Jillson, Verified
Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
What does it mean for a government to be a republic? - ANSWER: A form of
government in which power is explicitly vested in the people, who in turn exercise
their power through elected representatives.
What are the 5 liberties guaranteed by the 1st Amendment? - ANSWER: Freedom of
Religion
Freedom of Speech
Freedom of the Press
Freedom to Assemble
Freedom to Redress the Government
What are the differences between a unitary, confederal, and federal government? -
ANSWER: Unitary- Central Government holds most of the power.
Federal- Good Balance of power between state and central government.
Confederal- Weak Central Government, and the States holds must of the power.
-What was the name given to those who favored strong state governments during
the debate over ratifying
the Constitution? - ANSWER: Anti-Federalist
-What is new federalism and which president was its primary advocate? - ANSWER:
New federalism is a return to dual federalism a attempt created by President Ronald
Reagan. Dual Federalism involves the state exercising their power without the
federal government interfering in affairs.
-What is the Articles of Confederation and what were the problems with it? -
ANSWER: The Articles of Confederation is a form of government set in place by 13
states of the U.S. in 1777. in There were many weaknesses under the Articles of
Confederation. Congress had trouble passing laws due to the fact that 9 of the 13
states had to agree before any laws could be passed. Since there was no president or
an executive branch, there was no way to make sure that laws passed by Congress
were carried out. There were no courts to interpret laws or to judge those that broke
them because a national court system did not exist. To make matters worse,
changing the Articles of Confederation was nearly impossible. A unanimous vote of
all 13 states were required before any changes could be made.
-What is limited government and how do federalism, republicanism, the separation
of powers, and the
, system of checks and balances limit government activity (that is, how does the
American political system
seek to limit a "tyranny of the majority")? - ANSWER: (Republicanism) is one possible
ideology of governing a society or state as a republic. The key point is that the
people hold popular sovereignty, rather than the people being subjects of a king.
Which were the Civil War (aka the Reconstruction) Amendments and what did they
do? - ANSWER: ( 13, 14, 15th ) The Reconstruction Amendments are the Thirteenth,
Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments to the United States Constitution, adopted
between 1865 and 1870, the five years immediately following the Civil War
The 13th Amendment banned slavery and all involuntary servitude, except in the
case of punishment for a crime.
The 14th Amendment defined a citizen as any person born in or naturalized in the
U.S., overturning the Dredd Scott V. Sandford (1857) Supreme Court ruling stating
that Black people were not eligible for citizenship.
The 15th Amendment prohibited governments from denying U.S. citizens the right to
vote based on race, color, or past servitude.
What is the Lemon Test? What are the three prongs of the Lemon Test? - ANSWER:
First, the statute (law) must have a secular legislative purpose;
second, its principal or primary effect must be one that neither advances nor inhibits
religion;
finally, the statute must not foster an excessive government entanglement with
religion.
The U.S. has gone through a few distinct periods of federalism. What are they? -
ANSWER: a. Dual Federalism: functions of the state and national government
remained largely separate
b. Cooperative Federalism: new programs of the "New Deal" require cooperation
across all levels of government
c. Regulated Federalism: national government further intervened in state
government decision-making by threatening to withhold federal grants for specific
purposes
d. New Federalism: reflects the return of administrative powers to the state
governments
What are grants-in-aid? How do they fit into the practice of coercive/creative
federalism? - ANSWER: funds given by congress to state and local governments
and Institutional Change 12th Edition by Cal Jillson, Verified
Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
What does it mean for a government to be a republic? - ANSWER: A form of
government in which power is explicitly vested in the people, who in turn exercise
their power through elected representatives.
What are the 5 liberties guaranteed by the 1st Amendment? - ANSWER: Freedom of
Religion
Freedom of Speech
Freedom of the Press
Freedom to Assemble
Freedom to Redress the Government
What are the differences between a unitary, confederal, and federal government? -
ANSWER: Unitary- Central Government holds most of the power.
Federal- Good Balance of power between state and central government.
Confederal- Weak Central Government, and the States holds must of the power.
-What was the name given to those who favored strong state governments during
the debate over ratifying
the Constitution? - ANSWER: Anti-Federalist
-What is new federalism and which president was its primary advocate? - ANSWER:
New federalism is a return to dual federalism a attempt created by President Ronald
Reagan. Dual Federalism involves the state exercising their power without the
federal government interfering in affairs.
-What is the Articles of Confederation and what were the problems with it? -
ANSWER: The Articles of Confederation is a form of government set in place by 13
states of the U.S. in 1777. in There were many weaknesses under the Articles of
Confederation. Congress had trouble passing laws due to the fact that 9 of the 13
states had to agree before any laws could be passed. Since there was no president or
an executive branch, there was no way to make sure that laws passed by Congress
were carried out. There were no courts to interpret laws or to judge those that broke
them because a national court system did not exist. To make matters worse,
changing the Articles of Confederation was nearly impossible. A unanimous vote of
all 13 states were required before any changes could be made.
-What is limited government and how do federalism, republicanism, the separation
of powers, and the
, system of checks and balances limit government activity (that is, how does the
American political system
seek to limit a "tyranny of the majority")? - ANSWER: (Republicanism) is one possible
ideology of governing a society or state as a republic. The key point is that the
people hold popular sovereignty, rather than the people being subjects of a king.
Which were the Civil War (aka the Reconstruction) Amendments and what did they
do? - ANSWER: ( 13, 14, 15th ) The Reconstruction Amendments are the Thirteenth,
Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments to the United States Constitution, adopted
between 1865 and 1870, the five years immediately following the Civil War
The 13th Amendment banned slavery and all involuntary servitude, except in the
case of punishment for a crime.
The 14th Amendment defined a citizen as any person born in or naturalized in the
U.S., overturning the Dredd Scott V. Sandford (1857) Supreme Court ruling stating
that Black people were not eligible for citizenship.
The 15th Amendment prohibited governments from denying U.S. citizens the right to
vote based on race, color, or past servitude.
What is the Lemon Test? What are the three prongs of the Lemon Test? - ANSWER:
First, the statute (law) must have a secular legislative purpose;
second, its principal or primary effect must be one that neither advances nor inhibits
religion;
finally, the statute must not foster an excessive government entanglement with
religion.
The U.S. has gone through a few distinct periods of federalism. What are they? -
ANSWER: a. Dual Federalism: functions of the state and national government
remained largely separate
b. Cooperative Federalism: new programs of the "New Deal" require cooperation
across all levels of government
c. Regulated Federalism: national government further intervened in state
government decision-making by threatening to withhold federal grants for specific
purposes
d. New Federalism: reflects the return of administrative powers to the state
governments
What are grants-in-aid? How do they fit into the practice of coercive/creative
federalism? - ANSWER: funds given by congress to state and local governments
