Test Bank for Essentials of Biology, 7th Edition by
Mader and Windelspecht
1) Which of the following statements is correct in describing the terms monohybrid
cross and dihybrid cross? - ANSWER: B) A dihybrid cross involves organisms that are
heterozygous for two characters that are being studied, and a monohybrid cross
involves organisms that are heterozygous for only one character being studied.
2) What was the most significant conclusion that Gregor Mendel drew from his
experiments with pea plants? - ANSWER: B) Traits are inherited in discrete units and
are not the result of "blending."
3) How many unique gametes could be produced through independent assortment
by an individual with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE? - ANSWER: B) 8
4) The individual with genotype AaBbCCDdEE can make many kinds of gametes.
Which of the following correctly describes why this situation is possible? - ANSWER:
C) different possible assortment of chromosomes into gametes occurs
5) Mendel continued some of his experiments into the F2 or F3 generation in order
to ________. - ANSWER: B) observe whether or not a recessive trait would reappear
6) Which of the following statements about independent assortment or segregation
is correct? - ANSWER: A) The law of independent assortment describes the behavior
of two or more genes relative to one another.
7) A sexually reproducing animal has two unlinked genes, one for head shape (H) and
one for tail length (T). Its genotype is HhTt. Which of the following genotypes is
possible in a gamete from this organism? - ANSWER: D) HT
8) Which of the following statements correctly describes how Mendel accounted for
the observation that traits had disappeared in the F1 generation and then
reappeared in the F2 generation? - ANSWER: C) Traits can be dominant or recessive,
and the recessive traits were "hidden" by the dominant ones in the F1.
9) Which of the following statements correctly explains the fact that all seven of the
pea plant traits studied by Mendel obeyed the principle of independent assortment?
- ANSWER: D) All of the genes controlling the traits behaved as if they were on
different chromosomes.
10) Mendel's observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation has its
basis in which of the following phases of cell division? - ANSWER: D) anaphase I of
meiosis
, 11) Mendel's law of independent assortment has its basis in which of the following
events of meiosis I? - ANSWER: C) alignment of pairs of homologous chromosomes
along the middle of the cell
12) Use the figure and the following description to answer the question. In a
particular plant, leaf color is controlled by gene locus D. Plants with at least one
allele D have dark green leaves, and plants with the homozygous recessive dd
genotype have light green leaves. A true-breeding, dark-leaved plant is crossed with
a light-leaved one, and the F1 offspring is allowed to self-pollinate. The predicted
outcome of the F2 is diagrammed in the Punnett square shown in the figure, where
1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the genotypes corresponding to each box within the square.
Which of the boxes marked 1-4 correspond to plants with dark leaves? - ANSWER: D)
1, 2, and 3
13) Use the figure and the following description to answer the question. In a
particular plant, leaf color is controlled by gene locus D. Plants with at least one
allele D have dark green leaves, and plants with the homozygous recessive dd
genotype have light green leaves. A true-breeding, dark-leaved plant is crossed with
a light-leaved one, and the F1 offspring is allowed to self-pollinate. The predicted
outcome of the F2 is diagrammed in the Punnett square shown in the figure, where
1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the genotypes corresponding to each box within the square.
Which of the boxes marked 1-4 correspond to plants with a heterozygous genotype?
- ANSWER: C) 2 and 3
14) Use the figure and the following description to answer the question.In a
particular plant, leaf color is controlled by gene locus D. Plants with at least one
allele D have dark green leaves, and plants with the homozygous recessive dd
genotype have light green leaves. A true-breeding, dark-leaved plant is crossed with
a light-leaved one, and the F1 offspring is allowed to self-pollinate. The predicted
outcome of the F2 is diagrammed in the Punnett square shown in the figure, where
1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the genotypes corresponding to each box within the square.
Which of the boxes marked 1-4 correspond to plants that will be true-breeding? -
ANSWER: A) 1 and 4 only
15) Skin color in a certain species of fish is inherited by a single gene with four
different alleles. How many different types of gametes would be possible in this
organism? - ANSWER: B) 4
16) Why did all of the F1 offspring of Mendel's classic pea cross always look like one
of the two parental varieties? - ANSWER: D) One allele was dominant.
17) Mendel crossed yellow-seeded and green-seeded pea plants and then allowed
the offspring to self-pollinate to produce an F2 generation. The results were as
follows: 6,022 yellow and 2,001 green (8,023 total). Which of the following
statements correctly describes the relationship of the allele for green seeds to the
Mader and Windelspecht
1) Which of the following statements is correct in describing the terms monohybrid
cross and dihybrid cross? - ANSWER: B) A dihybrid cross involves organisms that are
heterozygous for two characters that are being studied, and a monohybrid cross
involves organisms that are heterozygous for only one character being studied.
2) What was the most significant conclusion that Gregor Mendel drew from his
experiments with pea plants? - ANSWER: B) Traits are inherited in discrete units and
are not the result of "blending."
3) How many unique gametes could be produced through independent assortment
by an individual with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE? - ANSWER: B) 8
4) The individual with genotype AaBbCCDdEE can make many kinds of gametes.
Which of the following correctly describes why this situation is possible? - ANSWER:
C) different possible assortment of chromosomes into gametes occurs
5) Mendel continued some of his experiments into the F2 or F3 generation in order
to ________. - ANSWER: B) observe whether or not a recessive trait would reappear
6) Which of the following statements about independent assortment or segregation
is correct? - ANSWER: A) The law of independent assortment describes the behavior
of two or more genes relative to one another.
7) A sexually reproducing animal has two unlinked genes, one for head shape (H) and
one for tail length (T). Its genotype is HhTt. Which of the following genotypes is
possible in a gamete from this organism? - ANSWER: D) HT
8) Which of the following statements correctly describes how Mendel accounted for
the observation that traits had disappeared in the F1 generation and then
reappeared in the F2 generation? - ANSWER: C) Traits can be dominant or recessive,
and the recessive traits were "hidden" by the dominant ones in the F1.
9) Which of the following statements correctly explains the fact that all seven of the
pea plant traits studied by Mendel obeyed the principle of independent assortment?
- ANSWER: D) All of the genes controlling the traits behaved as if they were on
different chromosomes.
10) Mendel's observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation has its
basis in which of the following phases of cell division? - ANSWER: D) anaphase I of
meiosis
, 11) Mendel's law of independent assortment has its basis in which of the following
events of meiosis I? - ANSWER: C) alignment of pairs of homologous chromosomes
along the middle of the cell
12) Use the figure and the following description to answer the question. In a
particular plant, leaf color is controlled by gene locus D. Plants with at least one
allele D have dark green leaves, and plants with the homozygous recessive dd
genotype have light green leaves. A true-breeding, dark-leaved plant is crossed with
a light-leaved one, and the F1 offspring is allowed to self-pollinate. The predicted
outcome of the F2 is diagrammed in the Punnett square shown in the figure, where
1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the genotypes corresponding to each box within the square.
Which of the boxes marked 1-4 correspond to plants with dark leaves? - ANSWER: D)
1, 2, and 3
13) Use the figure and the following description to answer the question. In a
particular plant, leaf color is controlled by gene locus D. Plants with at least one
allele D have dark green leaves, and plants with the homozygous recessive dd
genotype have light green leaves. A true-breeding, dark-leaved plant is crossed with
a light-leaved one, and the F1 offspring is allowed to self-pollinate. The predicted
outcome of the F2 is diagrammed in the Punnett square shown in the figure, where
1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the genotypes corresponding to each box within the square.
Which of the boxes marked 1-4 correspond to plants with a heterozygous genotype?
- ANSWER: C) 2 and 3
14) Use the figure and the following description to answer the question.In a
particular plant, leaf color is controlled by gene locus D. Plants with at least one
allele D have dark green leaves, and plants with the homozygous recessive dd
genotype have light green leaves. A true-breeding, dark-leaved plant is crossed with
a light-leaved one, and the F1 offspring is allowed to self-pollinate. The predicted
outcome of the F2 is diagrammed in the Punnett square shown in the figure, where
1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the genotypes corresponding to each box within the square.
Which of the boxes marked 1-4 correspond to plants that will be true-breeding? -
ANSWER: A) 1 and 4 only
15) Skin color in a certain species of fish is inherited by a single gene with four
different alleles. How many different types of gametes would be possible in this
organism? - ANSWER: B) 4
16) Why did all of the F1 offspring of Mendel's classic pea cross always look like one
of the two parental varieties? - ANSWER: D) One allele was dominant.
17) Mendel crossed yellow-seeded and green-seeded pea plants and then allowed
the offspring to self-pollinate to produce an F2 generation. The results were as
follows: 6,022 yellow and 2,001 green (8,023 total). Which of the following
statements correctly describes the relationship of the allele for green seeds to the
