Pharmacology for Nurses A Pathophysiological Approach, 6th
Edition TEST BANK by Michael P. Adams; Norman Holland,
Verified Chapters 1 - 50, Complete Newest Version
Pharmacology - ANSWER: Study of medicine; how drugs are administered; where
drugs travel in the body,
Response that drugs produce.
drug - ANSWER: A chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person's
body or behavior
medication - ANSWER: A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve
pain.
biologics - ANSWER: agents naturally produced in animal cells, in microorganisms, or
by the body itself
Mechanism of Action - ANSWER: how a drug produces its physiological effect in the
body
Bioavailability - ANSWER: the extent to which the body can absorb and use a
nutrient
Therapeutic classification of drugs: - ANSWER: Based on what the drug does clinically
Pharmacologic Classification - ANSWER: Based on the drug's mechanism of action, or
how the drug produces its effect
Most Drugs have three names - ANSWER: Chemical, Generic, Trade (CHEMICAL:
(1/2)-2-(p-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid; GENERIC: ibuprofen; TRADE: Motrin)
Generic vs. Trade-Name Drugs - ANSWER: Trade name drugs with exclusive rights
cost more. When rights end, competing companies offer generic form cheaper
prescription drugs - ANSWER: Drugs legally available only with a physician's order.
Over the counter drugs (OTC) - ANSWER: can be purchased without a prescription
Black Box Warnings - ANSWER: One of the primary alerts for identifying
extreme adverse drug reactions discovered
during and after the review
process; 1997 FDA created "Black Box Warnings"
Contraindications - ANSWER: factors that prevent the use of a drug or treatment
, why should healthcare professionals be concerned about patients taking herbal
medicines? - ANSWER: patients could be putting themselves at risk, potential herb-
drug interactions
U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP) - ANSWER: 1820; 1st comprehensive publication
formulary used in the U.S.; drug purity, strength, and directions for synthesis.
USP and National Formulary (NF) - ANSWER: 1852-1975, two drug standards in the
US by the American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA). 1. USP - all drug products. 2.
National Formulary (NF) - pharmaceutical ingredients.
U.S. Pharacopoeia -National Formulary (USP-NF) - ANSWER: 1975 merged into a
single publication
Biologic Control Act - ANSWER: 1902 standardized serum and blood-related products
Pure Food and Drug Act - ANSWER: 1906 - Established government control (FDA) for
labeling
medicines
Shirley Amendment - ANSWER: 1912 - Prohibited drugs labeled with false
therapeutic
claims
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) and amendments - ANSWER: 1938- Thorough
testing of drug; Proof of safety and efficacy of drug
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, 1994 - ANSWER: 1994-Controls
misleading industry claims
Four Stages of Approval for Therapeutic and Biologic Drugs - ANSWER: 1. Preclinical
investigation (1-3 years, average 18months)
2. Clinical investigation (2-10 years; average 5 years)
3. Review of new drug application (NDA) (2 months -7 years, average 24 months)
4. Postmarketing surveillance (adverse reaction reporting; surveys/sampling/testing;
inspections)
Addiction - ANSWER: The overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug
repeated
Dependence - ANSWER: A physiological or psychological need for a substance
Physical dependence - ANSWER: An altered physical condition caused by the
adaptation of the nervous system to repeated drug use.
Edition TEST BANK by Michael P. Adams; Norman Holland,
Verified Chapters 1 - 50, Complete Newest Version
Pharmacology - ANSWER: Study of medicine; how drugs are administered; where
drugs travel in the body,
Response that drugs produce.
drug - ANSWER: A chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person's
body or behavior
medication - ANSWER: A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve
pain.
biologics - ANSWER: agents naturally produced in animal cells, in microorganisms, or
by the body itself
Mechanism of Action - ANSWER: how a drug produces its physiological effect in the
body
Bioavailability - ANSWER: the extent to which the body can absorb and use a
nutrient
Therapeutic classification of drugs: - ANSWER: Based on what the drug does clinically
Pharmacologic Classification - ANSWER: Based on the drug's mechanism of action, or
how the drug produces its effect
Most Drugs have three names - ANSWER: Chemical, Generic, Trade (CHEMICAL:
(1/2)-2-(p-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid; GENERIC: ibuprofen; TRADE: Motrin)
Generic vs. Trade-Name Drugs - ANSWER: Trade name drugs with exclusive rights
cost more. When rights end, competing companies offer generic form cheaper
prescription drugs - ANSWER: Drugs legally available only with a physician's order.
Over the counter drugs (OTC) - ANSWER: can be purchased without a prescription
Black Box Warnings - ANSWER: One of the primary alerts for identifying
extreme adverse drug reactions discovered
during and after the review
process; 1997 FDA created "Black Box Warnings"
Contraindications - ANSWER: factors that prevent the use of a drug or treatment
, why should healthcare professionals be concerned about patients taking herbal
medicines? - ANSWER: patients could be putting themselves at risk, potential herb-
drug interactions
U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP) - ANSWER: 1820; 1st comprehensive publication
formulary used in the U.S.; drug purity, strength, and directions for synthesis.
USP and National Formulary (NF) - ANSWER: 1852-1975, two drug standards in the
US by the American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA). 1. USP - all drug products. 2.
National Formulary (NF) - pharmaceutical ingredients.
U.S. Pharacopoeia -National Formulary (USP-NF) - ANSWER: 1975 merged into a
single publication
Biologic Control Act - ANSWER: 1902 standardized serum and blood-related products
Pure Food and Drug Act - ANSWER: 1906 - Established government control (FDA) for
labeling
medicines
Shirley Amendment - ANSWER: 1912 - Prohibited drugs labeled with false
therapeutic
claims
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) and amendments - ANSWER: 1938- Thorough
testing of drug; Proof of safety and efficacy of drug
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, 1994 - ANSWER: 1994-Controls
misleading industry claims
Four Stages of Approval for Therapeutic and Biologic Drugs - ANSWER: 1. Preclinical
investigation (1-3 years, average 18months)
2. Clinical investigation (2-10 years; average 5 years)
3. Review of new drug application (NDA) (2 months -7 years, average 24 months)
4. Postmarketing surveillance (adverse reaction reporting; surveys/sampling/testing;
inspections)
Addiction - ANSWER: The overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug
repeated
Dependence - ANSWER: A physiological or psychological need for a substance
Physical dependence - ANSWER: An altered physical condition caused by the
adaptation of the nervous system to repeated drug use.
