TEST BANK For Discovering the Life Span, 5th Edition
Robert S. Feldman
lifespan development - ANSWER:field of study that examines patterns of growth
change and stability in behavior that occur throughout the entire life span
physical development - ANSWER:development involving the body's physical makeup
including the brain, nervous system, muscles, and senses; and the need for food,
drink, and sleep
cognitive development - ANSWER:development involving the ways that growth and
change in intellectual capabilities influence a person's behavior
Cognitive Developmentalists examine: - ANSWER:learning, memory, problem solving,
and intelligence
Personality development - ANSWER:development involving the ways that the
enduring characteristics that differentiate one person from another change over the
life span
social development - ANSWER:way in which individuals interactions with others and
their social relationships grow, change, and remain stable over the course of life
social construction - ANSWER:shared notion of reality that is widely accepted but is a
function of society and cultures at a given time
race - ANSWER:biological concept which should refer to classification based on
physical and structural characteristics of species
ethnic group - ANSWER:refer to cultural background nationality, religion, and
language
cohort - ANSWER:group of people born at around the same time in the same place
Three assumptions made by lifespan developmentalists are - ANSWER:1. focus on
human development, 2. understanding of stability in addition to growth and change
and 3. perception that development persists throughout our entire lives
the time when children utter their first complete sentence is an example of -
ANSWER:age graded influence
continuous change - ANSWER:gradual development in which acheivments at one
level build on those of previous levels
, discontinuous change - ANSWER:development that occurs in distinct steps or stages
with each stage bringing about behavior that is assumed to be qualitatively different
from behavior at earlier stages
critical period - ANSWER:specific time during development when a particular event
has its greatest consequences and the presence of certain kinds of environmental
stimuli are necessary for development to proceed normally
sensitive period - ANSWER:a point in development when organisms are particularly
susceptible to certain kinds of stimuli in their environments, but the abscence of
those stimuli does not always produce irreversible consequences
nature - ANSWER:refers to traits, abilities, and capacities that are inherited from
one's parents; encompasses any factor that is produced by predetermined unfolding
of genetic information (maturation)
nurture - ANSWER:environmental influences that shape behavior
grady believes that human development occurs in small measurable amounts. His
sister Andrea disagrees and suggests that human development is more distinct and
steplike. Their argument is most reflective of the ________________________ issue
- ANSWER:continuous vs discontinuous
A _____________ is a specific time during development when a particular event has
its greatest consequence - ANSWER:critical period
Sigmund Freud - ANSWER:psychoanalytic theory which suggests that unconscious
forces act to determine personality and behavior
What are the three aspects of personality? - ANSWER:id, ego, superego
id - ANSWER:the raw unorganized inborn part of the personality that is present at
birth, it represents primitive drives related to hunger, sex, aggression and irrational
impulses
ego - ANSWER:part of the personality that is rational and reasonable, acts as a buffer
between the external world and the primitive id, operates on the reality principle in
which instinctual energy is restrained in order to maintain the safety of the individual
and help integrate the person into society
superego - ANSWER:represents a person's conscience, incorporating distinctions
between right and wrong, begins to develop from age 5 to 6 and is learned from an
individual's parents, teachers, and other significant figures
theories - ANSWER:broad explanations and predictions about phenomena of interest
Robert S. Feldman
lifespan development - ANSWER:field of study that examines patterns of growth
change and stability in behavior that occur throughout the entire life span
physical development - ANSWER:development involving the body's physical makeup
including the brain, nervous system, muscles, and senses; and the need for food,
drink, and sleep
cognitive development - ANSWER:development involving the ways that growth and
change in intellectual capabilities influence a person's behavior
Cognitive Developmentalists examine: - ANSWER:learning, memory, problem solving,
and intelligence
Personality development - ANSWER:development involving the ways that the
enduring characteristics that differentiate one person from another change over the
life span
social development - ANSWER:way in which individuals interactions with others and
their social relationships grow, change, and remain stable over the course of life
social construction - ANSWER:shared notion of reality that is widely accepted but is a
function of society and cultures at a given time
race - ANSWER:biological concept which should refer to classification based on
physical and structural characteristics of species
ethnic group - ANSWER:refer to cultural background nationality, religion, and
language
cohort - ANSWER:group of people born at around the same time in the same place
Three assumptions made by lifespan developmentalists are - ANSWER:1. focus on
human development, 2. understanding of stability in addition to growth and change
and 3. perception that development persists throughout our entire lives
the time when children utter their first complete sentence is an example of -
ANSWER:age graded influence
continuous change - ANSWER:gradual development in which acheivments at one
level build on those of previous levels
, discontinuous change - ANSWER:development that occurs in distinct steps or stages
with each stage bringing about behavior that is assumed to be qualitatively different
from behavior at earlier stages
critical period - ANSWER:specific time during development when a particular event
has its greatest consequences and the presence of certain kinds of environmental
stimuli are necessary for development to proceed normally
sensitive period - ANSWER:a point in development when organisms are particularly
susceptible to certain kinds of stimuli in their environments, but the abscence of
those stimuli does not always produce irreversible consequences
nature - ANSWER:refers to traits, abilities, and capacities that are inherited from
one's parents; encompasses any factor that is produced by predetermined unfolding
of genetic information (maturation)
nurture - ANSWER:environmental influences that shape behavior
grady believes that human development occurs in small measurable amounts. His
sister Andrea disagrees and suggests that human development is more distinct and
steplike. Their argument is most reflective of the ________________________ issue
- ANSWER:continuous vs discontinuous
A _____________ is a specific time during development when a particular event has
its greatest consequence - ANSWER:critical period
Sigmund Freud - ANSWER:psychoanalytic theory which suggests that unconscious
forces act to determine personality and behavior
What are the three aspects of personality? - ANSWER:id, ego, superego
id - ANSWER:the raw unorganized inborn part of the personality that is present at
birth, it represents primitive drives related to hunger, sex, aggression and irrational
impulses
ego - ANSWER:part of the personality that is rational and reasonable, acts as a buffer
between the external world and the primitive id, operates on the reality principle in
which instinctual energy is restrained in order to maintain the safety of the individual
and help integrate the person into society
superego - ANSWER:represents a person's conscience, incorporating distinctions
between right and wrong, begins to develop from age 5 to 6 and is learned from an
individual's parents, teachers, and other significant figures
theories - ANSWER:broad explanations and predictions about phenomena of interest
