Nancy Caroline’s Emergency Care in the Streets, 9th
Edition TEST BANK by Nancy Caroline
A 29-year-old man presents with bizarre behavior and profuse sweating. His wife
tells you that he has type 1 diabetes and that he took his insulin today. During your
assessment, you will MOST likely find that the patient is: - ANSWER:tachypneic
A 30-year-old woman presents with 3 days of generalized weakness, dizziness, and
excessive urination. She is conscious but restless, and she tells you that she is
extremely thirsty. Her blood pressure is 96/66 mm Hg, her pulse is 110 beats/min
and full, and her respirations are increased and somewhat deep. On the basis of this
patient's clinical presentation, she will MOST likely require oxygen and: -
ANSWER:crystalloid fluid hydration.
A 51-year-old man with type 2 diabetes presents with confusion, blurred vision, and
signs of significant dehydration. According to the man's wife, he has had a fever and
flu-like symptoms for the past few days. She further tells you that he has "stuck to
his diet" as advised by his physician. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg, pulse is 120
beats/min and weak, and respirations are rapid and shallow. You assess his blood
glucose level, which reads "high." This patient is MOST likely: - ANSWER:experiencing
hyperosmolar nonketotic coma.
A 68-year-old obese woman presents with a markedly decreased level of
consciousness. She was found in bed by her husband. Your primary assessment
reveals that her respirations are slow and shallow, her pulse is slow and weak, and
her skin is cold and dry. According to the patient's husband, she has had a recent
infection, but he cannot remember what the doctor called it. You should be MOST
suspicious that this patient is experiencing: - ANSWER:myxedema coma.
A decrease in adrenal hormone production will result in all of the following, EXCEPT:
- ANSWER:hypertension
A patient with Cushing syndrome would MOST likely present with: -
ANSWER:hypoglycemia
A person with type 1 diabetes: - ANSWER:generally does not produce any insulin and
requires daily insulin injections
Adrenal insufficiency is characterized by decreased function of the ______________
and consequent underproduction of ______________. - ANSWER:adrenal cortex,
cortisol and aldosterone
, An illness or infection would MOST likely cause: - ANSWER:a slow onset of
hyperglycemia
Diabetes is MOST accurately defined as: - ANSWER:a metabolic disorder in which the
body's ability to metabolize simple carbohydrates is impaired.
Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when: - ANSWER:the cells metabolize fat and produce
ketones.
Diabetic patients would MOST likely present with atypical signs and symptoms of: -
ANSWER:acute coronary syndrome.
Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to low blood glucose levels because: -
ANSWER:alcohol depletes glycogen stores in the liver.
If the body experiences a drop in volume or blood pressure: - ANSWER:aldosterone
secretion stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb sodium from the urine.
If there is a physiologic level of antidiuretic hormone in the bloodstream, then: -
ANSWER:the renal tubules are stimulated to reabsorb sodium and water
Insulin resistance occurs when: - ANSWER:the pancreas produces enough insulin, but
the body cannot utilize it effectively.
Microvascular complications of diabetes include all of the following, EXCEPT: -
ANSWER:hypertension
Molecules that bind to a cell's receptor and trigger a response, resulting in some kind
of action or biologic effect, are called: - ANSWER:agonists
Patients with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma: - ANSWER:present with
severe dehydration and neurologic deficits.
Prehospital treatment for patients with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic
coma focuses on: - ANSWER:airway management and fluid rehydration
Secretion of the parathyroid hormone is regulated by blood levels of: -
ANSWER:calcium
Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism include: - ANSWER:bradycardia and sluggish
reflexes.
The adrenal cortex produces hormones called _______________, which: -
ANSWER:corticosteroids, regulate the body's metabolism.
The adrenal medulla secretes norepinephrine following stimulation from the: -
ANSWER:hypothalamus
Edition TEST BANK by Nancy Caroline
A 29-year-old man presents with bizarre behavior and profuse sweating. His wife
tells you that he has type 1 diabetes and that he took his insulin today. During your
assessment, you will MOST likely find that the patient is: - ANSWER:tachypneic
A 30-year-old woman presents with 3 days of generalized weakness, dizziness, and
excessive urination. She is conscious but restless, and she tells you that she is
extremely thirsty. Her blood pressure is 96/66 mm Hg, her pulse is 110 beats/min
and full, and her respirations are increased and somewhat deep. On the basis of this
patient's clinical presentation, she will MOST likely require oxygen and: -
ANSWER:crystalloid fluid hydration.
A 51-year-old man with type 2 diabetes presents with confusion, blurred vision, and
signs of significant dehydration. According to the man's wife, he has had a fever and
flu-like symptoms for the past few days. She further tells you that he has "stuck to
his diet" as advised by his physician. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg, pulse is 120
beats/min and weak, and respirations are rapid and shallow. You assess his blood
glucose level, which reads "high." This patient is MOST likely: - ANSWER:experiencing
hyperosmolar nonketotic coma.
A 68-year-old obese woman presents with a markedly decreased level of
consciousness. She was found in bed by her husband. Your primary assessment
reveals that her respirations are slow and shallow, her pulse is slow and weak, and
her skin is cold and dry. According to the patient's husband, she has had a recent
infection, but he cannot remember what the doctor called it. You should be MOST
suspicious that this patient is experiencing: - ANSWER:myxedema coma.
A decrease in adrenal hormone production will result in all of the following, EXCEPT:
- ANSWER:hypertension
A patient with Cushing syndrome would MOST likely present with: -
ANSWER:hypoglycemia
A person with type 1 diabetes: - ANSWER:generally does not produce any insulin and
requires daily insulin injections
Adrenal insufficiency is characterized by decreased function of the ______________
and consequent underproduction of ______________. - ANSWER:adrenal cortex,
cortisol and aldosterone
, An illness or infection would MOST likely cause: - ANSWER:a slow onset of
hyperglycemia
Diabetes is MOST accurately defined as: - ANSWER:a metabolic disorder in which the
body's ability to metabolize simple carbohydrates is impaired.
Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when: - ANSWER:the cells metabolize fat and produce
ketones.
Diabetic patients would MOST likely present with atypical signs and symptoms of: -
ANSWER:acute coronary syndrome.
Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to low blood glucose levels because: -
ANSWER:alcohol depletes glycogen stores in the liver.
If the body experiences a drop in volume or blood pressure: - ANSWER:aldosterone
secretion stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb sodium from the urine.
If there is a physiologic level of antidiuretic hormone in the bloodstream, then: -
ANSWER:the renal tubules are stimulated to reabsorb sodium and water
Insulin resistance occurs when: - ANSWER:the pancreas produces enough insulin, but
the body cannot utilize it effectively.
Microvascular complications of diabetes include all of the following, EXCEPT: -
ANSWER:hypertension
Molecules that bind to a cell's receptor and trigger a response, resulting in some kind
of action or biologic effect, are called: - ANSWER:agonists
Patients with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma: - ANSWER:present with
severe dehydration and neurologic deficits.
Prehospital treatment for patients with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic
coma focuses on: - ANSWER:airway management and fluid rehydration
Secretion of the parathyroid hormone is regulated by blood levels of: -
ANSWER:calcium
Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism include: - ANSWER:bradycardia and sluggish
reflexes.
The adrenal cortex produces hormones called _______________, which: -
ANSWER:corticosteroids, regulate the body's metabolism.
The adrenal medulla secretes norepinephrine following stimulation from the: -
ANSWER:hypothalamus
