thecelltheory celljunction
thecell isthesmallestunitoflight r u r
all organisms are madeupof oneormorecells tightjunction Desmosomes Gapjunction
all cellsonlyarisefromothercells impermeablejunction anchoringjunction communicatingjunction
functionpreventsmolecules function helpskeep functionallowsions
functionoftheplasmamembrane frompassingb wcells cellsfromtearingapart 3smallmolecules to
physicalbarrier separatingthecytoplasmfromtheextracellularfluid
selectivepermeability cell
determindswhichsubstanceentersorexitsthe fusetogetherlike azipper
s togetherbycadherins foundinheartcells
communication relaymessagestothecellinterior foundinskin heart embryoniccells
cellrecognition allowscellstorecogniseeachother cellsare
neighboring neighboringcellsare
heldbylinkerprotien cognectedbyconnexo
plasmamembranestructure inwhichJunctiondo neighboring cells are likedtogether
consists
oflipids protein 3 carbohydrates by connexons astightjunctions b Gapjunctions
a
r r transport
phospholipids cholesterol 20 v u
head
polar foundbetweenphospholipid passivetransport activetransport
O movement ofsubstanceofhigh movementof substance from
tail hydrophilic haspolar3 nonpolarregion
hydrophobic functionStiffinsthemembrane concentrationtolowconcentration low tohigh concentration
it consists oftwolayers responsibleforfluidityof withoutuse ofenergy
plasmamembrane movementofsubstancedown movementofsubstance
protien so theconcentrationgradiant againsttheconcentrationgradian
u v types types iii
integralprotien peripheralprotien simplediffusion solutepump Nat Ktpump
intrinsicprotein extrinsicprotein osmosis activetransport
insertedintothelipidbilayer foundonthesurfaceof thplasma
transmembrane protien function concentrationgradiant fromhightolow concentration
transport actasa carrier areEnzyme actas anenzyme linkreelstogether
Diffusion passivetransport
functionsofprotiens rateofdiffusionisinfluencedby 4 factors
transport provideshydrophilicchannels concentrationgradiant
receptor forsignaltransduction
molecular size
cellrecognition makescellsrecogniseeachother smallmoleculesdiffusefasterthanlargemolecules
temperature iiiiiiiiiiii
carbohydrates hightemperature will increasetherate ofdiffusion
glucose protien mixtureofglysoprotien viscosity
glucoprotien 9s'ocaly
glucose lipid glucoepi 3glycolipid
am
membraneis decoratedbyshort allofthefollowingincreasetherateofdiffusion
a increaseof temperature b increase ofconc gradiant
c increase viscosity d smallmolecule
, Diffusionatequilibrium
moleculesmovingequally in all direction its low osmolarity hypotonicsolution
No net movement osmolarity rearstotheconcentration of a solute
produce a uniformmixtureofmolecules tonictheabilityof a solution tochangethecellsshape
typesofpassivetransport solutionA haslowosmolarity z is separatedby a semi per
mea
simplediffusion membrane whatis thedirection ofthesolvent'sdillusion
examplegasescoz coz steroidHormones fattyacids a A to B b B to a
mmmm
carbondioxide canexchangeby simplediffusion simplediffusion 3osmolarity are notspecificwhichmeans
faciliateddiffusion theydillusedirectlytheydon'tdependon theshapeofthe
carriermediatedfacilitateddiflussion molecule 3 are not saturable thydon'tneedprotei
because
protientransportchangesshape exglucose aminoacid
channelmediatedfaciliateddiffusion activetransport
non gatedchannel usuallyopen leakagechannel primaryactivetransportexampleNat Ktpump
gatedchannel chemical orelectrical getsenergyfrom Atp
thedillerancebetweensimple3facilitateddelusion whichstatementiscorrectforNat Ktpumps
diffusiondoesn'tneedprotienswhilefaciliateddoes a transports 3Natfromoutsidetoinside
dillusioncarrieslipidsolublewhilefaciliated carriesnonsoluble b transports 2kt frominsidetotheoutside
Osmosis c transports 3Natfrominside totheoutside
solution
Solute sugar Et
Solvent vote t solutionwith solutionwith secondaryactivetransport
osmosis isthedillusion highosmolarity lowosmolarity getsenergyfromtheconcentration gradiant
ofwater Isolvent I moresolute I less solute example aminoacid
Uni lil glucose
2 natglucose
twotypesofmembrane symportsystemtwotransportedsubstancesmoveinthesamedir
freelypermeablemembrane allowssolute solventto pass antipoutsystemthetransportedsubstancescrossthemembrane
in oppositedirections KtNatpump 2 2
aquaporins allowsdillusionofwatermolecules vesiculartransport
endocytosis WBC's
YI
III
water willdiffusefromoutsidethecell to inside phagocytosis celleating engulflargeor solidmateri
of thesell thecell will smell z rupture pinocytosis cell drinking
vimana receptormediated
hypertonic transcytosis movessubstancesinto aross 3thenoutofthece
water will dillusefrominsidethecell to the
to
thesubstancestakenupbyreceptormediatedendocytosis
outside the sea will shrink crenate enzymes insulin somehormones
solutionwithhighosmolarity soluteusolvent exocytosis
Isotonic exampleshormonesecretion neurotransmitterrelease
won'tdiffuse
frominsideor
gj.I.g water
Iqg
outside
thecell mucussecretion ejectionofwastes
nochangetothecellshapewill happen pituitaryglandsecretegrowthhormone exocytosis
solutionwiththesame mostcellsuptakehormones in aprocess s receptormedia
thecell isthesmallestunitoflight r u r
all organisms are madeupof oneormorecells tightjunction Desmosomes Gapjunction
all cellsonlyarisefromothercells impermeablejunction anchoringjunction communicatingjunction
functionpreventsmolecules function helpskeep functionallowsions
functionoftheplasmamembrane frompassingb wcells cellsfromtearingapart 3smallmolecules to
physicalbarrier separatingthecytoplasmfromtheextracellularfluid
selectivepermeability cell
determindswhichsubstanceentersorexitsthe fusetogetherlike azipper
s togetherbycadherins foundinheartcells
communication relaymessagestothecellinterior foundinskin heart embryoniccells
cellrecognition allowscellstorecogniseeachother cellsare
neighboring neighboringcellsare
heldbylinkerprotien cognectedbyconnexo
plasmamembranestructure inwhichJunctiondo neighboring cells are likedtogether
consists
oflipids protein 3 carbohydrates by connexons astightjunctions b Gapjunctions
a
r r transport
phospholipids cholesterol 20 v u
head
polar foundbetweenphospholipid passivetransport activetransport
O movement ofsubstanceofhigh movementof substance from
tail hydrophilic haspolar3 nonpolarregion
hydrophobic functionStiffinsthemembrane concentrationtolowconcentration low tohigh concentration
it consists oftwolayers responsibleforfluidityof withoutuse ofenergy
plasmamembrane movementofsubstancedown movementofsubstance
protien so theconcentrationgradiant againsttheconcentrationgradian
u v types types iii
integralprotien peripheralprotien simplediffusion solutepump Nat Ktpump
intrinsicprotein extrinsicprotein osmosis activetransport
insertedintothelipidbilayer foundonthesurfaceof thplasma
transmembrane protien function concentrationgradiant fromhightolow concentration
transport actasa carrier areEnzyme actas anenzyme linkreelstogether
Diffusion passivetransport
functionsofprotiens rateofdiffusionisinfluencedby 4 factors
transport provideshydrophilicchannels concentrationgradiant
receptor forsignaltransduction
molecular size
cellrecognition makescellsrecogniseeachother smallmoleculesdiffusefasterthanlargemolecules
temperature iiiiiiiiiiii
carbohydrates hightemperature will increasetherate ofdiffusion
glucose protien mixtureofglysoprotien viscosity
glucoprotien 9s'ocaly
glucose lipid glucoepi 3glycolipid
am
membraneis decoratedbyshort allofthefollowingincreasetherateofdiffusion
a increaseof temperature b increase ofconc gradiant
c increase viscosity d smallmolecule
, Diffusionatequilibrium
moleculesmovingequally in all direction its low osmolarity hypotonicsolution
No net movement osmolarity rearstotheconcentration of a solute
produce a uniformmixtureofmolecules tonictheabilityof a solution tochangethecellsshape
typesofpassivetransport solutionA haslowosmolarity z is separatedby a semi per
mea
simplediffusion membrane whatis thedirection ofthesolvent'sdillusion
examplegasescoz coz steroidHormones fattyacids a A to B b B to a
mmmm
carbondioxide canexchangeby simplediffusion simplediffusion 3osmolarity are notspecificwhichmeans
faciliateddiffusion theydillusedirectlytheydon'tdependon theshapeofthe
carriermediatedfacilitateddiflussion molecule 3 are not saturable thydon'tneedprotei
because
protientransportchangesshape exglucose aminoacid
channelmediatedfaciliateddiffusion activetransport
non gatedchannel usuallyopen leakagechannel primaryactivetransportexampleNat Ktpump
gatedchannel chemical orelectrical getsenergyfrom Atp
thedillerancebetweensimple3facilitateddelusion whichstatementiscorrectforNat Ktpumps
diffusiondoesn'tneedprotienswhilefaciliateddoes a transports 3Natfromoutsidetoinside
dillusioncarrieslipidsolublewhilefaciliated carriesnonsoluble b transports 2kt frominsidetotheoutside
Osmosis c transports 3Natfrominside totheoutside
solution
Solute sugar Et
Solvent vote t solutionwith solutionwith secondaryactivetransport
osmosis isthedillusion highosmolarity lowosmolarity getsenergyfromtheconcentration gradiant
ofwater Isolvent I moresolute I less solute example aminoacid
Uni lil glucose
2 natglucose
twotypesofmembrane symportsystemtwotransportedsubstancesmoveinthesamedir
freelypermeablemembrane allowssolute solventto pass antipoutsystemthetransportedsubstancescrossthemembrane
in oppositedirections KtNatpump 2 2
aquaporins allowsdillusionofwatermolecules vesiculartransport
endocytosis WBC's
YI
III
water willdiffusefromoutsidethecell to inside phagocytosis celleating engulflargeor solidmateri
of thesell thecell will smell z rupture pinocytosis cell drinking
vimana receptormediated
hypertonic transcytosis movessubstancesinto aross 3thenoutofthece
water will dillusefrominsidethecell to the
to
thesubstancestakenupbyreceptormediatedendocytosis
outside the sea will shrink crenate enzymes insulin somehormones
solutionwithhighosmolarity soluteusolvent exocytosis
Isotonic exampleshormonesecretion neurotransmitterrelease
won'tdiffuse
frominsideor
gj.I.g water
Iqg
outside
thecell mucussecretion ejectionofwastes
nochangetothecellshapewill happen pituitaryglandsecretegrowthhormone exocytosis
solutionwiththesame mostcellsuptakehormones in aprocess s receptormedia
