PHILOSOPHY NOTES
History of philosophy
The first three philosophers were referred to as sages, naturalist, monists, cosmologists, reductionists
because they were using natural substance to describe the universe
Monists because they were using one thing to look at the universe
Reductionists because they use one theory to discuss the universe
Pythagoras came from the city of Samos and was considered as a pre Socratic philosopher
He was the first to use the word philosophy which indicates love of wisdom
His major contribution has to do with transmigration of the soul(he believed that the soul can
transmigrate) /metempsychosis - that means the soul is immortal (it doesn't die). He stated that upon
the perish of the mortal, the soul will leave the perish mortal body to another body of an animal . He
also believed that reality is based on the sum of numbers . The entire world/ universe is been ruled by
numbers . He believed that there are three group of people in the world:
<Those who are there to gain in wealth
<Those who focus is to be honor( power, authority)
<Those who are considered lovers of wisdom
Pythagoras consider the third group the best because wisdom leads to honor an honor leads to gain of
wealth
Pythagoras definition of philosophy states that philosophy is the purification of the soul(mind)
Xenophanes(another pre-socrstic philosopher): He was consider as a religious thinker. He came from the
school called Eleatic school of philosophy and it's focus was unity not diversity.
With emphasis from the Eleatic school of philosophy about unity, they believed that everything is
deceptive (one).
He criticizes (Anthropomorphism)the notion of the gods that we human look like the gods
History of philosophy
The first three philosophers were referred to as sages, naturalist, monists, cosmologists, reductionists
because they were using natural substance to describe the universe
Monists because they were using one thing to look at the universe
Reductionists because they use one theory to discuss the universe
Pythagoras came from the city of Samos and was considered as a pre Socratic philosopher
He was the first to use the word philosophy which indicates love of wisdom
His major contribution has to do with transmigration of the soul(he believed that the soul can
transmigrate) /metempsychosis - that means the soul is immortal (it doesn't die). He stated that upon
the perish of the mortal, the soul will leave the perish mortal body to another body of an animal . He
also believed that reality is based on the sum of numbers . The entire world/ universe is been ruled by
numbers . He believed that there are three group of people in the world:
<Those who are there to gain in wealth
<Those who focus is to be honor( power, authority)
<Those who are considered lovers of wisdom
Pythagoras consider the third group the best because wisdom leads to honor an honor leads to gain of
wealth
Pythagoras definition of philosophy states that philosophy is the purification of the soul(mind)
Xenophanes(another pre-socrstic philosopher): He was consider as a religious thinker. He came from the
school called Eleatic school of philosophy and it's focus was unity not diversity.
With emphasis from the Eleatic school of philosophy about unity, they believed that everything is
deceptive (one).
He criticizes (Anthropomorphism)the notion of the gods that we human look like the gods
