GCSE PE foundation study guide
1. Applied Anatomy and Physiology
Skeletal System: Study the major bones and functions of the skeleton, including protection,
movement, and production of blood cells.
Muscular System: Learn about different muscle types (voluntary, involuntary, and cardiac)
and how they work together to produce movement. Understand antagonistic muscle pairs.
Cardiovascular System: Understand the structure of the heart, blood vessels, and the
circulation process. Focus on the role of blood in oxygen transport and how exercise affects
the cardiovascular system.
Respiratory System: Learn about the mechanics of breathing, gas exchange, and how
exercise influences the respiratory system.
Energy Systems: Study aerobic and anaerobic respiration, energy sources for exercise, and
the short- and long-term effects of exercise on the body.
2. Movement Analysis
Lever Systems: Understand the types of levers (1st, 2nd, and 3rd class), their components
(fulcrum, effort, and load), and examples in the body.
Planes and Axes of Movement: Learn about the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes, as
well as the corresponding axes (e.g., longitudinal, transverse).
Types of Movement: Focus on flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and other
joint actions.
1. Applied Anatomy and Physiology
Skeletal System: Study the major bones and functions of the skeleton, including protection,
movement, and production of blood cells.
Muscular System: Learn about different muscle types (voluntary, involuntary, and cardiac)
and how they work together to produce movement. Understand antagonistic muscle pairs.
Cardiovascular System: Understand the structure of the heart, blood vessels, and the
circulation process. Focus on the role of blood in oxygen transport and how exercise affects
the cardiovascular system.
Respiratory System: Learn about the mechanics of breathing, gas exchange, and how
exercise influences the respiratory system.
Energy Systems: Study aerobic and anaerobic respiration, energy sources for exercise, and
the short- and long-term effects of exercise on the body.
2. Movement Analysis
Lever Systems: Understand the types of levers (1st, 2nd, and 3rd class), their components
(fulcrum, effort, and load), and examples in the body.
Planes and Axes of Movement: Learn about the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes, as
well as the corresponding axes (e.g., longitudinal, transverse).
Types of Movement: Focus on flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and other
joint actions.
