PNEUMONIA
Pharm.D 4th year
,INTRODUCTION
Definition:Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both
lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent material), causing
cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. A variety of
organisms, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, can cause pneumonia.
Etiological factors
• bacteria,viruses,mycoplasmas,fungal agents & protozoa.
• Aspiration of food,fluids/vomitus.
• Inhalation of toxic/caustic chemicals,smoke,dusts/gases.
• Influenza
Sign and symptoms
• Fever,sweating,chills
• Shortness of breath
• Productive cough
• Sneezing and runny nose
• Sore throat
• Chest pain
• Fatigue and muscle ache
, Types
• Bacterial(community acquired bacterial
pneumonia and hospital acquired
• Viral(flu related,common respiratory virus
& pandemic SARS type virus)
• Atypical(walking pneumonia)
• Fungal(opportunistic & exposure related)
Classification
• Lobar pneumonia(the consolidation
involves all or part of lobar)
• Bronchopneumonia(the consolidation
involves scattered lobules)
• Intrestitial pneumonia(as in viral where
inflammatory infiltrate involve mainly
interstitial tissue between alveoli)
Pharm.D 4th year
,INTRODUCTION
Definition:Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both
lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent material), causing
cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. A variety of
organisms, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, can cause pneumonia.
Etiological factors
• bacteria,viruses,mycoplasmas,fungal agents & protozoa.
• Aspiration of food,fluids/vomitus.
• Inhalation of toxic/caustic chemicals,smoke,dusts/gases.
• Influenza
Sign and symptoms
• Fever,sweating,chills
• Shortness of breath
• Productive cough
• Sneezing and runny nose
• Sore throat
• Chest pain
• Fatigue and muscle ache
, Types
• Bacterial(community acquired bacterial
pneumonia and hospital acquired
• Viral(flu related,common respiratory virus
& pandemic SARS type virus)
• Atypical(walking pneumonia)
• Fungal(opportunistic & exposure related)
Classification
• Lobar pneumonia(the consolidation
involves all or part of lobar)
• Bronchopneumonia(the consolidation
involves scattered lobules)
• Intrestitial pneumonia(as in viral where
inflammatory infiltrate involve mainly
interstitial tissue between alveoli)
