PHARM MOD 5 EXAM NEWEST COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
Pharmacology textbooks and current practice do not use
the terms antibiotic and antimicrobial drug
interchangeably. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-True
Acquired resistance - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-When an organism
that had once been highly sensitive to an antibiotic
becomes less susceptible or no longer susceptible at all.
Selective toxicity - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-the ability of a drug to
injure a target cell or target organism without injuring other
cells or organisms that are in intimate contact with the
target
Broad-spectrum antibiotics - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Agents that
are active against a wide variety of microbes
Host defenses and infection site - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
Important host factors for consideration when prescribing
an antimicrobial drug
Bacteriostatic - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Drugs can slow bacterial
growth but do not cause cell death
,Children experience decreased rates of antibiotic drug
metabolism and drug excretion, placing them at risk for
drug accumulation. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-False
Older adults experience decreased rates of antibiotic drug
metabolism and drug excretion, placing them at risk for
drug accumulation. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-True
Superinfection - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Development of a new
infection that appears during the course of treatment for a
primary infection
Allergic reaction - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Most common with
penicillins than other antibiotics and patients should not
received them again
Indications for antibiotic combinations - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
Decreased toxicity
Enhanced antibacterial action
Prevention of antibiotic resistance
Disadvantages of antibiotic combinations -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Possible antagonism of antimicrobial
effects
Selection of drug-resistant bacteria
Increased risk of superinfection and cost
, Patients should be instructed to stop their antibiotic
medication when their symptoms subside. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-False
Antimicrobial effects of antibiotic combinations -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-A potentiative interaction (also called a
synergistic interaction) occurs when the effect of the
combination is greater than the sum of the effects of the
individual agents
An additive response occurs when the antimicrobial effect
of the combination is equal to the sum of the effects of the
two drugs alone
Antagonism occurs when the combination of two
antibiotics may be less effective than one of the agents by
itself. Antagonism is most likely when a bacteriostatic
agent is combined with a bactericidal drug
Misuses of antimicrobial drugs - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Use in
the absence of appropriate surgical drainage
Antimicrobial therapy administered without adequate
bacteriologic information
Attempted treatment of viral infection
Monitoring antimicrobial therapy - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
Cultures performed to determine success of treatment
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
Pharmacology textbooks and current practice do not use
the terms antibiotic and antimicrobial drug
interchangeably. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-True
Acquired resistance - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-When an organism
that had once been highly sensitive to an antibiotic
becomes less susceptible or no longer susceptible at all.
Selective toxicity - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-the ability of a drug to
injure a target cell or target organism without injuring other
cells or organisms that are in intimate contact with the
target
Broad-spectrum antibiotics - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Agents that
are active against a wide variety of microbes
Host defenses and infection site - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
Important host factors for consideration when prescribing
an antimicrobial drug
Bacteriostatic - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Drugs can slow bacterial
growth but do not cause cell death
,Children experience decreased rates of antibiotic drug
metabolism and drug excretion, placing them at risk for
drug accumulation. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-False
Older adults experience decreased rates of antibiotic drug
metabolism and drug excretion, placing them at risk for
drug accumulation. - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-True
Superinfection - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Development of a new
infection that appears during the course of treatment for a
primary infection
Allergic reaction - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Most common with
penicillins than other antibiotics and patients should not
received them again
Indications for antibiotic combinations - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
Decreased toxicity
Enhanced antibacterial action
Prevention of antibiotic resistance
Disadvantages of antibiotic combinations -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Possible antagonism of antimicrobial
effects
Selection of drug-resistant bacteria
Increased risk of superinfection and cost
, Patients should be instructed to stop their antibiotic
medication when their symptoms subside. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-False
Antimicrobial effects of antibiotic combinations -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-A potentiative interaction (also called a
synergistic interaction) occurs when the effect of the
combination is greater than the sum of the effects of the
individual agents
An additive response occurs when the antimicrobial effect
of the combination is equal to the sum of the effects of the
two drugs alone
Antagonism occurs when the combination of two
antibiotics may be less effective than one of the agents by
itself. Antagonism is most likely when a bacteriostatic
agent is combined with a bactericidal drug
Misuses of antimicrobial drugs - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Use in
the absence of appropriate surgical drainage
Antimicrobial therapy administered without adequate
bacteriologic information
Attempted treatment of viral infection
Monitoring antimicrobial therapy - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
Cultures performed to determine success of treatment
