TEST BANK For ECGs Made Easy, 7th Edition by Barbara
J Aehlert
How does calcium potassium ans sodium effect automaticity - ANSWER:Normal
concentration maintain automaticity.
Increased blood concentration decrease automaticity
Decreased blood concentration increase automaticity
What's difference between excitability, conductability, and contractability? -
ANSWER:Excitability/ability to respond to external stimuli
Conductability/ability of cardiac cell to receive electrical impulse and conduct it to
adjoining cell
Contractability/iontrophy- ability of myocardial cell to shorten causing cardiac
contraction
Voltage - ANSWER:Potential energy from opposite charges
Normal charge of cardiac cell - ANSWER:Negative
Polarized state - ANSWER:When potassium leaks out of cell proteins and phosphates
remain inside cell because they are too big and they carry a negative charge
Depolarization - ANSWER:When cell membrane stimulated sodium potassium
channel open. Sodium rushes in and cell becomes more positive. A wave form will
appear on the ECG
Depolarization occur how - ANSWER:From the inside out
Depolarization is wht kind of event - ANSWER:Electrical
Repolarization - ANSWER:Cell returning to negative charge by stopping flow of
sodium into the cell and allows potassium to leave it.
Repoloarization cause - ANSWER:Contractile cells in myocardial cells to separate
Repolarization occurs from - ANSWER:Outside in
Repolarization is represented by wht on the ECG - ANSWER:St segment and t wave
Arrhythmia - ANSWER:Abnormal heart rate
Absolute refractory period - ANSWER:Not possible to stimulate cardiac cell
Effective refractory period - ANSWER:Includes ARP and first half of refractory period
, A conducted action potential can not generate enough inward current to conduct to
cell
Relative refractory period - ANSWER:Some cardiac cells are repolarized to their
threshold potential and can be stimulated with strong impulse
Supernormal period - ANSWER:Stimulated with weaker than normal stimuli
SA node pace - ANSWER:60-100 bpm
Possible to go to 180 bum
As impulse leaves to SA node, how does it spread - ANSWER:Spreads from cell to cell
across atrial muscle. As it spreads it stimulates rt atrium, intraatrial septum, and
passes along special pathway called Bachman's bundle to stimulate left atrium
SA node located - ANSWER:Upper posterior where superior vena cava and rt atrium
meet
AV node located - ANSWER:Floor of right atrium behind tricuspid valve
AVnode conduction slower why - ANSWER:Allows atrium chambers to contract and
empty blood in ventricles
Bundle of His /AV bundle located - ANSWER:Upper portion of intraventricular
septum
AV bundle pacemaker cells have intrinsic value of - ANSWER:40-60 bpm
Conduction fastest in His-Purkji system and slowest in SA and AVnode
True or false - ANSWER:True
Rt and lft bundle branches supply what - ANSWER:Rt bundle branch supply rt
ventricle
Lft bundle branch supply intraventricular septum and lft ventricle and split into
fascicles which rely impulse to mid septum
Extra fascicles because left ventricle bigger
Purkinje fibers - ANSWER:Spread from intraventricular septum to papillary muscles
to apex of heart
Lead wire - ANSWER:Attached to electrode and other end to ECG machine
Lead 1 - ANSWER:+lft arm -rt arm lateral view
Lead 2 - ANSWER:+lft leg - rt arm inferior veiw
Lead3 - ANSWER:Left leg -rt arm inferior veiw
J Aehlert
How does calcium potassium ans sodium effect automaticity - ANSWER:Normal
concentration maintain automaticity.
Increased blood concentration decrease automaticity
Decreased blood concentration increase automaticity
What's difference between excitability, conductability, and contractability? -
ANSWER:Excitability/ability to respond to external stimuli
Conductability/ability of cardiac cell to receive electrical impulse and conduct it to
adjoining cell
Contractability/iontrophy- ability of myocardial cell to shorten causing cardiac
contraction
Voltage - ANSWER:Potential energy from opposite charges
Normal charge of cardiac cell - ANSWER:Negative
Polarized state - ANSWER:When potassium leaks out of cell proteins and phosphates
remain inside cell because they are too big and they carry a negative charge
Depolarization - ANSWER:When cell membrane stimulated sodium potassium
channel open. Sodium rushes in and cell becomes more positive. A wave form will
appear on the ECG
Depolarization occur how - ANSWER:From the inside out
Depolarization is wht kind of event - ANSWER:Electrical
Repolarization - ANSWER:Cell returning to negative charge by stopping flow of
sodium into the cell and allows potassium to leave it.
Repoloarization cause - ANSWER:Contractile cells in myocardial cells to separate
Repolarization occurs from - ANSWER:Outside in
Repolarization is represented by wht on the ECG - ANSWER:St segment and t wave
Arrhythmia - ANSWER:Abnormal heart rate
Absolute refractory period - ANSWER:Not possible to stimulate cardiac cell
Effective refractory period - ANSWER:Includes ARP and first half of refractory period
, A conducted action potential can not generate enough inward current to conduct to
cell
Relative refractory period - ANSWER:Some cardiac cells are repolarized to their
threshold potential and can be stimulated with strong impulse
Supernormal period - ANSWER:Stimulated with weaker than normal stimuli
SA node pace - ANSWER:60-100 bpm
Possible to go to 180 bum
As impulse leaves to SA node, how does it spread - ANSWER:Spreads from cell to cell
across atrial muscle. As it spreads it stimulates rt atrium, intraatrial septum, and
passes along special pathway called Bachman's bundle to stimulate left atrium
SA node located - ANSWER:Upper posterior where superior vena cava and rt atrium
meet
AV node located - ANSWER:Floor of right atrium behind tricuspid valve
AVnode conduction slower why - ANSWER:Allows atrium chambers to contract and
empty blood in ventricles
Bundle of His /AV bundle located - ANSWER:Upper portion of intraventricular
septum
AV bundle pacemaker cells have intrinsic value of - ANSWER:40-60 bpm
Conduction fastest in His-Purkji system and slowest in SA and AVnode
True or false - ANSWER:True
Rt and lft bundle branches supply what - ANSWER:Rt bundle branch supply rt
ventricle
Lft bundle branch supply intraventricular septum and lft ventricle and split into
fascicles which rely impulse to mid septum
Extra fascicles because left ventricle bigger
Purkinje fibers - ANSWER:Spread from intraventricular septum to papillary muscles
to apex of heart
Lead wire - ANSWER:Attached to electrode and other end to ECG machine
Lead 1 - ANSWER:+lft arm -rt arm lateral view
Lead 2 - ANSWER:+lft leg - rt arm inferior veiw
Lead3 - ANSWER:Left leg -rt arm inferior veiw
