TEST BANK For Essentials of Psychiatric Nursing, 3rd Edition by
Mary Ann Boyd & Rebecca Ann Luebbert
unwanted effects with serious physiologic consequences - ANSWER:adverse reaction
drug regulation and use is determined by - ANSWER:FDA
where drugs act - ANSWER:pharmacodynamics
Four sites of drug action - ANSWER:receptors, ion channels, enzymes, carrier
protiens
Selectivity of a drug - ANSWER:Drug elicits only the response for which it is given
Affinity of a drug - ANSWER:the tendency of a drug to combine with a receptor
intrinsic activity of a drug - ANSWER:Measure of the magnitude or intensity of a
biological response produced by an ED100 drug dose, relative to the maximal
attainable response (alpha = 1.0) that can be produced in a target tissue
Can vary from 1.0-0
Agonists and Antagonists - ANSWER:substances that bind to a receptor and cause a
partial response that is not as strong as that caused by an agonist
ability of drug to produce response - ANSWER:efficacy
drug dose needed for effect - ANSWER:potency
rapid decrease in drug effects - ANSWER:desensitization
gradual decrease in drug action - ANSWER:tolerance
drug concentration harmful to body - ANSWER:toxicity
ratio of max nontoxic dose to min effective dose - ANSWER:therapeutic index
how the body acts on the drug - ANSWER:Pharmacokinetics
first pass effect - ANSWER:The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from
the gastrointestinal tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation through the
bloodstream.
Bioavailability - ANSWER:the rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed
and used
, Distribution of drugs - ANSWER:the transport of drugs from the plasma to the tissues
metabolism of drugs - ANSWER:- Most drugs metabolized in liver and excreted in
urine
- Liver or Kidney disease affect drug levels
- If metabolites active, should monitor their levels also
excretion of drugs - ANSWER:drugs and their metablosim are excreted through
sweat, saliva, and secretions primarily through kidneys
Age effects on drug metabolism - ANSWER:The effect of old age on drug metabolism
is not well studied but there is some evidence in animals and humans that drug
metabolism slows down with old age (gastric absorption, renal function, liver
metabolism)
how a person's genetic makeup affects their response to drugs -
ANSWER:pharmacogenomics
cultural variations and differences influencing effectiveness of drugs -
ANSWER:ethnopsychopharmacology
phases of drug treatment - ANSWER:1. Initiation
2. Stabilization
3. Maintenance
4. Discontinuation
Major Psychopharmacologic Drug Classes - ANSWER:Antipsychotic medications
Mood stabilizers
Antidepressants
Antianxiety and sedative-hypnotics
Stimulants
antipsychotic medications types - ANSWER:typical (conventional) and atypical
indications for antipsychotics - ANSWER:schizophrenia, mania, autism, psychosis
(hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thoughts, agitation)
absorption of antipsychotics - ANSWER:-variable with oral
-IM is less variable and avoids 1st pass
Metabolism of antipsychotics - ANSWER:liver
excretion of antipsychotics - ANSWER:slow; half-life of 24 hours and metabolites
with longer half-lives; high lipid solubility
atypical antipsychotics - ANSWER:Abilify (aripiprazole)
Mary Ann Boyd & Rebecca Ann Luebbert
unwanted effects with serious physiologic consequences - ANSWER:adverse reaction
drug regulation and use is determined by - ANSWER:FDA
where drugs act - ANSWER:pharmacodynamics
Four sites of drug action - ANSWER:receptors, ion channels, enzymes, carrier
protiens
Selectivity of a drug - ANSWER:Drug elicits only the response for which it is given
Affinity of a drug - ANSWER:the tendency of a drug to combine with a receptor
intrinsic activity of a drug - ANSWER:Measure of the magnitude or intensity of a
biological response produced by an ED100 drug dose, relative to the maximal
attainable response (alpha = 1.0) that can be produced in a target tissue
Can vary from 1.0-0
Agonists and Antagonists - ANSWER:substances that bind to a receptor and cause a
partial response that is not as strong as that caused by an agonist
ability of drug to produce response - ANSWER:efficacy
drug dose needed for effect - ANSWER:potency
rapid decrease in drug effects - ANSWER:desensitization
gradual decrease in drug action - ANSWER:tolerance
drug concentration harmful to body - ANSWER:toxicity
ratio of max nontoxic dose to min effective dose - ANSWER:therapeutic index
how the body acts on the drug - ANSWER:Pharmacokinetics
first pass effect - ANSWER:The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug absorbed from
the gastrointestinal tract before the drug reaches systemic circulation through the
bloodstream.
Bioavailability - ANSWER:the rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed
and used
, Distribution of drugs - ANSWER:the transport of drugs from the plasma to the tissues
metabolism of drugs - ANSWER:- Most drugs metabolized in liver and excreted in
urine
- Liver or Kidney disease affect drug levels
- If metabolites active, should monitor their levels also
excretion of drugs - ANSWER:drugs and their metablosim are excreted through
sweat, saliva, and secretions primarily through kidneys
Age effects on drug metabolism - ANSWER:The effect of old age on drug metabolism
is not well studied but there is some evidence in animals and humans that drug
metabolism slows down with old age (gastric absorption, renal function, liver
metabolism)
how a person's genetic makeup affects their response to drugs -
ANSWER:pharmacogenomics
cultural variations and differences influencing effectiveness of drugs -
ANSWER:ethnopsychopharmacology
phases of drug treatment - ANSWER:1. Initiation
2. Stabilization
3. Maintenance
4. Discontinuation
Major Psychopharmacologic Drug Classes - ANSWER:Antipsychotic medications
Mood stabilizers
Antidepressants
Antianxiety and sedative-hypnotics
Stimulants
antipsychotic medications types - ANSWER:typical (conventional) and atypical
indications for antipsychotics - ANSWER:schizophrenia, mania, autism, psychosis
(hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thoughts, agitation)
absorption of antipsychotics - ANSWER:-variable with oral
-IM is less variable and avoids 1st pass
Metabolism of antipsychotics - ANSWER:liver
excretion of antipsychotics - ANSWER:slow; half-life of 24 hours and metabolites
with longer half-lives; high lipid solubility
atypical antipsychotics - ANSWER:Abilify (aripiprazole)
