TEST BANK For MCQs in Pediatrics Review of Nelson
Textbook of Pediatrics 20th Edition
What are congenital limb differences? - ANSWER:Bones, muscle, tissue of fingers and
toes are missing, incomplete, or formed differently
What is polydactyly? - ANSWER:extra digit
What is syndactyly? - ANSWER:webbed digits
What is macrodactyly? - ANSWER:abnormal growth
What is symbrachydactyly? - ANSWER:short fingers
Which type of symbrachydactyly involves a thumb with four nubbins?
A. short finger symbrachydactyly
B. oligodacylic symbrachydactyly
C. monodactylic symbrachydactyly
D. peromelic symbrachydactyly - ANSWER:C. monodactylic symbrachydactyly
Amniotic bands create what kind of issue?
A. polydactyly
B. cuts off blood flow
C. phocomelia
D. overgrowth of tissue - ANSWER:B. cuts off blood flow
What is muscular dystrophy? - ANSWER:muscle disease caused by a mutation in
genes which leads to progressive muscle weakness and loss. Loss of muscle
decreases mobility and ability to complete everyday tasks.
What are signs and symptoms of MD? - ANSWER:Waddling gait
Frequent falls
Gower's sign
Toe walking
Difficulty climbing
Difficulty jumping
Muscle pain
Breathing problems
What is the most common type of MD? - ANSWER:Duchenne
, A male child with muscular dystrophy experiences weakness primarily in the legs and
arms, and the onset of symptoms began around age 5. The cause of his muscle
weakness is primarily due to a gene mutation that causes the body to not produce
dystrophin, a protein necessary for strengthening muscle fibers. Which type of MD
does this child most likely have?
A. Myotonic MD
B. Becker MD
C. Duchenne MD
D. Congenital MD - ANSWER:C. Duchenne MD
True or False. Children diagnosed with muscular dystrophy may also have a learning
disability - ANSWER:True
What causes brachial plexus injuries? - ANSWER:Nerve stretch, compression or
rips/tears from the spinal cord
What are signs and symptoms of a brachial plexus injury? - ANSWER:Full/partial lack
of movement in shoulder and elbow
Weak grip
Numbness
Abnormal arm position
What does plexus mean?
A. a bundle of arteries
B. a bundle of nerves
C. a bundle of neurons
D. a bundle of muscle fibers - ANSWER:B. a bundle of nerves
All of these cause injury in the brachial plexus except:
A. spasticity
B. muscle stretch
C. compression
D. muscle tears - ANSWER:A. spasticity
What is Trisomy 18? - ANSWER:Edwards Syndrome
Extra copy of 18th chromosome
What are signs and symptoms of Trisomy 18? - ANSWER:-Clenched fists
-Congenital Heart Defects
-Rocker-Bottom feet
-Low ears and weight
-Cleft lip and palate or high palate
-Neurological defects
Textbook of Pediatrics 20th Edition
What are congenital limb differences? - ANSWER:Bones, muscle, tissue of fingers and
toes are missing, incomplete, or formed differently
What is polydactyly? - ANSWER:extra digit
What is syndactyly? - ANSWER:webbed digits
What is macrodactyly? - ANSWER:abnormal growth
What is symbrachydactyly? - ANSWER:short fingers
Which type of symbrachydactyly involves a thumb with four nubbins?
A. short finger symbrachydactyly
B. oligodacylic symbrachydactyly
C. monodactylic symbrachydactyly
D. peromelic symbrachydactyly - ANSWER:C. monodactylic symbrachydactyly
Amniotic bands create what kind of issue?
A. polydactyly
B. cuts off blood flow
C. phocomelia
D. overgrowth of tissue - ANSWER:B. cuts off blood flow
What is muscular dystrophy? - ANSWER:muscle disease caused by a mutation in
genes which leads to progressive muscle weakness and loss. Loss of muscle
decreases mobility and ability to complete everyday tasks.
What are signs and symptoms of MD? - ANSWER:Waddling gait
Frequent falls
Gower's sign
Toe walking
Difficulty climbing
Difficulty jumping
Muscle pain
Breathing problems
What is the most common type of MD? - ANSWER:Duchenne
, A male child with muscular dystrophy experiences weakness primarily in the legs and
arms, and the onset of symptoms began around age 5. The cause of his muscle
weakness is primarily due to a gene mutation that causes the body to not produce
dystrophin, a protein necessary for strengthening muscle fibers. Which type of MD
does this child most likely have?
A. Myotonic MD
B. Becker MD
C. Duchenne MD
D. Congenital MD - ANSWER:C. Duchenne MD
True or False. Children diagnosed with muscular dystrophy may also have a learning
disability - ANSWER:True
What causes brachial plexus injuries? - ANSWER:Nerve stretch, compression or
rips/tears from the spinal cord
What are signs and symptoms of a brachial plexus injury? - ANSWER:Full/partial lack
of movement in shoulder and elbow
Weak grip
Numbness
Abnormal arm position
What does plexus mean?
A. a bundle of arteries
B. a bundle of nerves
C. a bundle of neurons
D. a bundle of muscle fibers - ANSWER:B. a bundle of nerves
All of these cause injury in the brachial plexus except:
A. spasticity
B. muscle stretch
C. compression
D. muscle tears - ANSWER:A. spasticity
What is Trisomy 18? - ANSWER:Edwards Syndrome
Extra copy of 18th chromosome
What are signs and symptoms of Trisomy 18? - ANSWER:-Clenched fists
-Congenital Heart Defects
-Rocker-Bottom feet
-Low ears and weight
-Cleft lip and palate or high palate
-Neurological defects
