EMT - CHAPTER 8 - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PROVODED FOR
REVISION 2024
1. What is the best description of minute ventilation?
A. Amount of air moved into and out of the lungs in 1
minute
B. Total milliliters of air moving into and out of the
lungs in one breath
C. Amount of oxygen needed by the
body in 1 minute
D. Number of breaths a patient
breathes in 1 minute: Amount of air
moved into and out of the lungs in 1
minute
2. What happens after a cell in anaerobic metabolism breaks
down glucose and creates energy in the form of adenosine
triphosphate (ATP)?
A. Electrolytes in the cell
become balanced
B. Oxygen and water are
created
C. Carbon dioxide and
water are formed
D. Lactic acid is formed: Lactic acid is formed
3. Paramedics have administered a medication to a patient with
heart failure. The medication specifically causes the veins (only)
to dilate, thereby decreasing the amount of blood that returns to
the heart for pumping. The EMT would recognize this action as
decreasing:
A. Pulse pressure
B. Afterload
C. Systemic vascular resistance
,D. Preload: Preload
4. What is the best way to decrease a patient's afterload?
A. Administer
intravenous
fluids
B. Provide
supplemental
oxygen
Reduce the
blood pressure
D. Slow the
heart rate:
Reduce the
blood pressure
5. When a patient has a narrowed pulse pressure, what is
occurring?
A. The blood is being
pumped more quickly
B. The veins and arteries are
dilating
C. The blood vessels
are constricting
D.
The heart rate is decreasing: The blood vessels are constricting
6. The EMT is administering oxygen at 95% through a
nonrebreather face mask. He would document this as a Fi02 of:
A, 0.21
B. 1.00
C. 0.50
D. 0.95: 0.95
, EMT - CHAPTER 8 - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PROVODED FOR
REVISION 2024
7. You are caring for a 66-year-old male patient who is severely
dehydrated. How does severe dehydration affect the
cardiovascular system?
It impairs the ability of oxygen to diffuse from the
lungs to the blood B. It slows the production of white
blood cells to fight the infection C. It decreases the
blood volume available for circulation D.
It reduces the hemoglobin available to carry oxygen: It decreases
the blood volume available for circulation
8. A IOC-kilogram patient with a 500-milliliter tidal volume,
breathing 16 times each minute, would have a minute ventilation
of how many milliliters?
A. 8000 ml
B. 1600 ml-
C. 2400 ml-
D. 1200 mL: 8000 mL
9. A patient with high blood pressure takes a medication to slow
his heart rate, thereby lowering his blood pressure. The EMT
would recognize this action as impacting:
A. Systemic vascular resistance
B. Afterload
C. Preload
D. Cardiac output: Cardiac output
10. Perfusion is best described as:
, Delivery of essential products and nutrients to the cell for
its use
B. Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the
lungs and blood
C. An adequate number of white blood cells to carry
oxygen to the cells
D.
Availability of oxygen in the lungs for movement into the blood:
Delivery of essential products and nutrients to the cell for its use
1 1. The patient in anaerobic metabolism is deficient in/of:
A. Glucose (sugar)
B. Oxygen
C. Protein
D. Lactic acid: Oxygen
12. A patient with a high fever has an accelerated metabolism
and is producing abnormally large amounts of carbon dioxide at
the cellular level. To compensate for this effect, what will occur?
A.Decreased levels of
acid in the blood
B.
Decreased
respiratory
rate C.
Increased
respiratory
rate D.
Decreased depth of breathing: Increased respiratory rate
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PROVODED FOR
REVISION 2024
1. What is the best description of minute ventilation?
A. Amount of air moved into and out of the lungs in 1
minute
B. Total milliliters of air moving into and out of the
lungs in one breath
C. Amount of oxygen needed by the
body in 1 minute
D. Number of breaths a patient
breathes in 1 minute: Amount of air
moved into and out of the lungs in 1
minute
2. What happens after a cell in anaerobic metabolism breaks
down glucose and creates energy in the form of adenosine
triphosphate (ATP)?
A. Electrolytes in the cell
become balanced
B. Oxygen and water are
created
C. Carbon dioxide and
water are formed
D. Lactic acid is formed: Lactic acid is formed
3. Paramedics have administered a medication to a patient with
heart failure. The medication specifically causes the veins (only)
to dilate, thereby decreasing the amount of blood that returns to
the heart for pumping. The EMT would recognize this action as
decreasing:
A. Pulse pressure
B. Afterload
C. Systemic vascular resistance
,D. Preload: Preload
4. What is the best way to decrease a patient's afterload?
A. Administer
intravenous
fluids
B. Provide
supplemental
oxygen
Reduce the
blood pressure
D. Slow the
heart rate:
Reduce the
blood pressure
5. When a patient has a narrowed pulse pressure, what is
occurring?
A. The blood is being
pumped more quickly
B. The veins and arteries are
dilating
C. The blood vessels
are constricting
D.
The heart rate is decreasing: The blood vessels are constricting
6. The EMT is administering oxygen at 95% through a
nonrebreather face mask. He would document this as a Fi02 of:
A, 0.21
B. 1.00
C. 0.50
D. 0.95: 0.95
, EMT - CHAPTER 8 - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS PROVODED FOR
REVISION 2024
7. You are caring for a 66-year-old male patient who is severely
dehydrated. How does severe dehydration affect the
cardiovascular system?
It impairs the ability of oxygen to diffuse from the
lungs to the blood B. It slows the production of white
blood cells to fight the infection C. It decreases the
blood volume available for circulation D.
It reduces the hemoglobin available to carry oxygen: It decreases
the blood volume available for circulation
8. A IOC-kilogram patient with a 500-milliliter tidal volume,
breathing 16 times each minute, would have a minute ventilation
of how many milliliters?
A. 8000 ml
B. 1600 ml-
C. 2400 ml-
D. 1200 mL: 8000 mL
9. A patient with high blood pressure takes a medication to slow
his heart rate, thereby lowering his blood pressure. The EMT
would recognize this action as impacting:
A. Systemic vascular resistance
B. Afterload
C. Preload
D. Cardiac output: Cardiac output
10. Perfusion is best described as:
, Delivery of essential products and nutrients to the cell for
its use
B. Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the
lungs and blood
C. An adequate number of white blood cells to carry
oxygen to the cells
D.
Availability of oxygen in the lungs for movement into the blood:
Delivery of essential products and nutrients to the cell for its use
1 1. The patient in anaerobic metabolism is deficient in/of:
A. Glucose (sugar)
B. Oxygen
C. Protein
D. Lactic acid: Oxygen
12. A patient with a high fever has an accelerated metabolism
and is producing abnormally large amounts of carbon dioxide at
the cellular level. To compensate for this effect, what will occur?
A.Decreased levels of
acid in the blood
B.
Decreased
respiratory
rate C.
Increased
respiratory
rate D.
Decreased depth of breathing: Increased respiratory rate
