TEST BANK for Understanding Anatomy and Physiology 3rd
Edition by Gale Sloan Thompson
What are the 4 distinct groups of tissues - ANSWER:Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
define tissue - ANSWER:groups of similar cells that perform a common function
three layers of developing cells page 57 - ANSWER:Ectoderm
Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm - ANSWER:give rise to the epidermis and nervous system
endoderm - ANSWER:produces mucous membrane of respiratory tract, thyroid
gland, secretory parts of the pancreas
mesoderm - ANSWER:gives rise to the connective and muscle tissue
differentiation - ANSWER:when cells divide and become increasingly distinct from
cells of other layers
Stem Cells Embryonic vs Adult - ANSWER:Embryonic Stem cells-
occur early embryo
can differentiate into more than 200 differant kinds of cells
Epithelial Tissue Function/Structure - ANSWER:Continue a sheet of tightly packed
cells
covers the body surface
Lines body cavity and many of the organs
forms certain glands
the key function involves protection, absorption, Filtration and secretion
Basement membrane - ANSWER:Cells at the base of an epithelial layer are attached
to this.
Supplies Oxygen and nutrients
3 shapes of Epithelial cells - ANSWER:Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
, Simple Squamous Epithelium Function/Location - ANSWER:Single layer of Flat plate-
like cells
Allows for ready diffusion because of thinness
Location Alveoli
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Function/Location - ANSWER:Single layer of cube-like
cells
Location: ducts and tubules of many organs including kidneys
Simple Columnar Epithelium Structure/Function/Location - ANSWER:Consist of single
layer of columnar cells
Participates in absorption
secretes mucus by goblet cells
lines the intestines
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium Structure/Function/Location -
ANSWER:Consist of single layer of irregularly shaped cells
cells of different height with nuclei at different levels make it appearstratified
provides protection
secretes mucus
Trachea, large bronchi and Nasal mucosa
Stratified Squamous Epithelium Structure/Function/Location - ANSWER:Contains
multiple cell layers
making it stronger than simple epithelia
the most wide spread epithelium in the body
Resists abrasion and penetration by pathogens
some contain keratin some do not
epidermis of the skin
esophagus
Vagina
Transitional epithelium Structure/Function/Location - ANSWER:Consist of multiple
cell layers
When stretched, cell layers decrease and cell shape changes from cuboidal to
squamous
Simple epithelium - ANSWER:Every cell touches the basement membrane
Edition by Gale Sloan Thompson
What are the 4 distinct groups of tissues - ANSWER:Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
define tissue - ANSWER:groups of similar cells that perform a common function
three layers of developing cells page 57 - ANSWER:Ectoderm
Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm - ANSWER:give rise to the epidermis and nervous system
endoderm - ANSWER:produces mucous membrane of respiratory tract, thyroid
gland, secretory parts of the pancreas
mesoderm - ANSWER:gives rise to the connective and muscle tissue
differentiation - ANSWER:when cells divide and become increasingly distinct from
cells of other layers
Stem Cells Embryonic vs Adult - ANSWER:Embryonic Stem cells-
occur early embryo
can differentiate into more than 200 differant kinds of cells
Epithelial Tissue Function/Structure - ANSWER:Continue a sheet of tightly packed
cells
covers the body surface
Lines body cavity and many of the organs
forms certain glands
the key function involves protection, absorption, Filtration and secretion
Basement membrane - ANSWER:Cells at the base of an epithelial layer are attached
to this.
Supplies Oxygen and nutrients
3 shapes of Epithelial cells - ANSWER:Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
, Simple Squamous Epithelium Function/Location - ANSWER:Single layer of Flat plate-
like cells
Allows for ready diffusion because of thinness
Location Alveoli
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Function/Location - ANSWER:Single layer of cube-like
cells
Location: ducts and tubules of many organs including kidneys
Simple Columnar Epithelium Structure/Function/Location - ANSWER:Consist of single
layer of columnar cells
Participates in absorption
secretes mucus by goblet cells
lines the intestines
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium Structure/Function/Location -
ANSWER:Consist of single layer of irregularly shaped cells
cells of different height with nuclei at different levels make it appearstratified
provides protection
secretes mucus
Trachea, large bronchi and Nasal mucosa
Stratified Squamous Epithelium Structure/Function/Location - ANSWER:Contains
multiple cell layers
making it stronger than simple epithelia
the most wide spread epithelium in the body
Resists abrasion and penetration by pathogens
some contain keratin some do not
epidermis of the skin
esophagus
Vagina
Transitional epithelium Structure/Function/Location - ANSWER:Consist of multiple
cell layers
When stretched, cell layers decrease and cell shape changes from cuboidal to
squamous
Simple epithelium - ANSWER:Every cell touches the basement membrane
