PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - EXAM - ALTERED CELLULAR AND
1
TISSUE BIOLOGY
REVISION AND STUDY GUIDE 2024
1. On Exam: A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive
cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and
breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to
define this process?
a. Adaptation
b. Pathologic calcification
c. Apoptosis
d. Necrosis: d. Necrosis
2. What is the most common cause of hypoxia? Ischemia
3. What is the most common cause of cellular injury? hypoxia
4. Question regarding ischemia: Makes cells swell with influx of
Na+
5. (TEST) A 15-year-old female presents to the ER following a
physical assault. She has internal damage to the neck with
deep bruising. X-ray reveals fractures of the hyoid bone and
tracheal and cricoid cartilage. Which of the following most
likely caused her injuries?
a. Chemical asphyxiation
b. Choking asphyxiation
c. Ligature strangulation
d. Manual strangulation: d. Manual strangulation
MC question regarding which does not show any physical signs.
Ans: choking asphyxiation
6. (TEST) Narrowing of the arteries due to arteriosclerosis would
cause:
a. Hypoxia
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - EXAM - ALTERED CELLULAR AND
1
TISSUE BIOLOGY
REVISION AND STUDY GUIDE 2024
b. Ischemia
c. Both hypoxia and ischemia: c. Both hypoxia and ischemia -
Similar question on test but worded regarding oxygen to lungs -
hypoxia
7. What type of progressive cell injury response is: Cellular self-
destruction for elimination of unwanted cell populations?
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death
8. A deficiency of oxygen in any tissue is called? hypoxia
9. Insufficient blood flow to a tissue, typically resulting in
metabolite accumulation and sometimes tissue death is
called? Ischemia
10. (TEST) A combination of coagulative and liquefactive
necrosis in which dead cells disintegrate but are not
completely digested, resulting in soft, granular, clumped
cellular debris. Tuberculosis.: Caseous necrosis - MC question
regarding tuberculosis
1 1. When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows
that in response to an increased workload, cardiac myocardial
cells will:
a. Increase in size
b. Decrease in length
c. Increase in excitability
d. Increase in number: a. Increase in size
12. A 40-year-old female is diagnosed with cervical cancer after a
Pap smear. Which of the following cellular changes would the
nurse most likely see on the report?
a. Metaplasia
1
TISSUE BIOLOGY
REVISION AND STUDY GUIDE 2024
1. On Exam: A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive
cell injury that causes cell death with severe cell swelling and
breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse use to
define this process?
a. Adaptation
b. Pathologic calcification
c. Apoptosis
d. Necrosis: d. Necrosis
2. What is the most common cause of hypoxia? Ischemia
3. What is the most common cause of cellular injury? hypoxia
4. Question regarding ischemia: Makes cells swell with influx of
Na+
5. (TEST) A 15-year-old female presents to the ER following a
physical assault. She has internal damage to the neck with
deep bruising. X-ray reveals fractures of the hyoid bone and
tracheal and cricoid cartilage. Which of the following most
likely caused her injuries?
a. Chemical asphyxiation
b. Choking asphyxiation
c. Ligature strangulation
d. Manual strangulation: d. Manual strangulation
MC question regarding which does not show any physical signs.
Ans: choking asphyxiation
6. (TEST) Narrowing of the arteries due to arteriosclerosis would
cause:
a. Hypoxia
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - EXAM - ALTERED CELLULAR AND
1
TISSUE BIOLOGY
REVISION AND STUDY GUIDE 2024
b. Ischemia
c. Both hypoxia and ischemia: c. Both hypoxia and ischemia -
Similar question on test but worded regarding oxygen to lungs -
hypoxia
7. What type of progressive cell injury response is: Cellular self-
destruction for elimination of unwanted cell populations?
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death
8. A deficiency of oxygen in any tissue is called? hypoxia
9. Insufficient blood flow to a tissue, typically resulting in
metabolite accumulation and sometimes tissue death is
called? Ischemia
10. (TEST) A combination of coagulative and liquefactive
necrosis in which dead cells disintegrate but are not
completely digested, resulting in soft, granular, clumped
cellular debris. Tuberculosis.: Caseous necrosis - MC question
regarding tuberculosis
1 1. When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows
that in response to an increased workload, cardiac myocardial
cells will:
a. Increase in size
b. Decrease in length
c. Increase in excitability
d. Increase in number: a. Increase in size
12. A 40-year-old female is diagnosed with cervical cancer after a
Pap smear. Which of the following cellular changes would the
nurse most likely see on the report?
a. Metaplasia
