Class notes Anatomy Bd Chaurasia's Human Anatomy, Volume 1

Here's an overview of the bones and kidneys: *Bones:* - The adult human skeleton consists of 206 bones. - Bones provide support, protection, and movement for the body. - They are classified into: - Long bones (e.g., femur, humerus) - Short bones (e.g., carpals, tarsals) - Flat bones (e.g., sternum, ribs) - Irregular bones (e.g., vertebrae, pelvis) - Sesamoid bones (e.g., patella) *Kidneys:* - The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located in the lower back. - They filter waste and excess fluids from the blood and regulate electrolyte levels. - Each kidney contains: - Nephrons (functional units that filter blood) - Renal cortex (outer layer) - Renal medulla (inner layer) - Renal pelvis (collects urine) - Ureters (tubes that carry urine to the bladder) Some key functions of the kidneys include: - Filtering waste and excess fluids - Regulating electrolyte levels - Maintaining acid-base balance - Producing hormones (e.g., erythropoietin, calcitriol) - Controlling blood pressure If you have specific questions or need further information, feel free to ask!