Fundamentals Of Nursing Exam 1: Questions/Answers
1. The nurse is preparing a client to be turned in bed. In what position would the
nurse place the client to begin this procedure?
lying flat
sitting up
lying flat with feet raised slightly
lying prone: lying flat
2. The nurse and an assistant are preparing to move a client up in bed. Arrange
the following steps in the correct order.
1. Adjust the head of the bed to a flat position.
2. Place a friction-reducing sheet under the client.
3. Ask the client to bend legs and place the chin on the chest.
4. Position the assistant on the side opposite you.
5. Remove all pillows from under the client.
6. Grasp the sheet and move the client on the count of 3.
A)
3, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6
B)
1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6
C)
1, 5, 4, 2, 3, 6
D)
,3, 2, 1, 4, 6, 5
E)
1, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6: Ans:
C
3. What nursing organization first legitimized the use of the nursing process?
A)
National League for Nursing
B)
American Nurses Association
C)
International Council of Nursing
D)
State Board of Nursing: B)
American Nurses Association
4. A female patient who is receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer tells the nurse,
"The treatment for this cancer is worse than the disease itself. I'm not going to
come for my therapy anymore." The nurse responds by using critical thinking
skills to address this patient problem. Which action is the first step the nurse
would take in this process?
a. The nurse judges whether the patient database is adequate to address the
problem.
b. The nurse considers whether or not to suggest a counseling session for the
patient.
c. The nurse reassesses the patient and decides how best to intervene in her
care.
,d. The nurse identifies several options for intervening in the patient's care and
critiques the merit of each option.: c. The first step when thinking critically about a
situation is to identify the purpose or goal of your thinking. Reassessing the patient
helps to discipline thinking by directing all thoughts toward the goal. Once the
problem is addressed, it is important for the nurse to judge the adequacy of
the knowledge, identify potential problems, use helpful resources, and critique the
decision.
5. The nursing process ensures that nurses are person centered rather than task
centered. Rather than simply approaching a patient to take vital signs, the nurse
thinks, "How is Mrs. Barclay today? Are our nursing actions helping her to achieve
her goals? How can we better help her?" This demonstrates which characteristic of
the nursing process? a. Systematic
b. Interpersonal
c. Dynamic
d. Universally applicable in nursing situations: b. Interpersonal. All of the other
options are characteristics of the nursing process, but the conversation and thinking
quoted best illustrates the interpersonal dimension of the nursing process
6. An experienced nurse tells a beginning nurse not to bother studying too hard,
since most clinical reasoning becomes "second nature" and "intuitive" once you
start practicing. What thinking below should underlie the beginning nurse's
response?
a. Intuitive problem solving comes with years of practice and observation, and
novice nurses should base their care on scientific problem solving.
b. For nursing to remain a science, nurses must continue to be vigilant about
stamping out intuitive reasoning.
c. The emphasis on logical, scientific, evidence-based reasoning has held nursing
back for years; it is time to champion intuitive, creative thinking! d. It is simply a
matter of preference; some nurses are logical, scientific thinkers, and some are
intuitive, creative thinkers.: a. Beginning nurses must use nursing knowledge and
scientific problem solving as the basis of care they give; intuitive problem solving comes
with years of practice and observation
7. The nurse uses blended competencies when caring for patients in a rehabilitation
facility. Which examples of interventions involve cognitive skills? Select all that
apply.
a. The nurse uses critical thinking skills to plan care for a patient.
b. The nurse correctly administers IV saline to a patient who is dehydrated.
, c. The nurse assists a patient to fill out an informed consent form.
d. The nurse learns the correct dosages for patient pain medications.
e. The nurse comforts a mother whose baby was born with Down syndrome.
f. The nurse uses the proper procedure to catheterize a female patient.: a,
d. Using critical thinking and learning medication dosages are cognitive competencies.
Performing procedures correctly is a technical skill, helping a patient with an informed
consent form is a legal/ethical issue, and comforting a patient is an interpersonal skill.
8. A nurse uses critical thinking skills to focus on the care plan of an older adult who
has dementia and needs placement in a long-term care facility. Which statements
describe characteristics of this type of critical thinking applied to clinical reasoning?
Select all that apply.
a. It functions independently of nursing standards, ethics, and state practice acts.
b. It is based on the principles of the nursing process, problem solving, and the
scientific method.
c. It is driven by patient, family, and community needs as well as nurses' needs to
give competent, efficient care.
d. It is not designed to compensate for problems created by human nature, such as
medication errors.
e. it is constantly re-evaluating, self-correcting, and striving for improvement.
f. It focuses on the big picture rather than identifying the key problems, issues, and
risks involved with patient care: b, c, e. Critical thinking applied to clinical
reasoning and judgment in nursing practice is guided by standards, policies and
procedures, and ethics codes.
9. A nurse is caring for a patient who has complications related to type 2 diabetes
mellitus. The nurse researches new procedures to care for foot ulcers when
developing a care plan for this patient. Which QSEN competency does this action
represent?
a. Patient-centered care
b. Evidence-based practice
c. Quality improvement
d. Informatics: c. Quality improvement involves routinely updating nursing policies
and procedures. Providing patient-centered care involves listening to the patient and
demonstrating respect and compassion. Evidence-based practice is used when
adhering to internal policies and standardized skills. The nurse is employing
1. The nurse is preparing a client to be turned in bed. In what position would the
nurse place the client to begin this procedure?
lying flat
sitting up
lying flat with feet raised slightly
lying prone: lying flat
2. The nurse and an assistant are preparing to move a client up in bed. Arrange
the following steps in the correct order.
1. Adjust the head of the bed to a flat position.
2. Place a friction-reducing sheet under the client.
3. Ask the client to bend legs and place the chin on the chest.
4. Position the assistant on the side opposite you.
5. Remove all pillows from under the client.
6. Grasp the sheet and move the client on the count of 3.
A)
3, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6
B)
1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6
C)
1, 5, 4, 2, 3, 6
D)
,3, 2, 1, 4, 6, 5
E)
1, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6: Ans:
C
3. What nursing organization first legitimized the use of the nursing process?
A)
National League for Nursing
B)
American Nurses Association
C)
International Council of Nursing
D)
State Board of Nursing: B)
American Nurses Association
4. A female patient who is receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer tells the nurse,
"The treatment for this cancer is worse than the disease itself. I'm not going to
come for my therapy anymore." The nurse responds by using critical thinking
skills to address this patient problem. Which action is the first step the nurse
would take in this process?
a. The nurse judges whether the patient database is adequate to address the
problem.
b. The nurse considers whether or not to suggest a counseling session for the
patient.
c. The nurse reassesses the patient and decides how best to intervene in her
care.
,d. The nurse identifies several options for intervening in the patient's care and
critiques the merit of each option.: c. The first step when thinking critically about a
situation is to identify the purpose or goal of your thinking. Reassessing the patient
helps to discipline thinking by directing all thoughts toward the goal. Once the
problem is addressed, it is important for the nurse to judge the adequacy of
the knowledge, identify potential problems, use helpful resources, and critique the
decision.
5. The nursing process ensures that nurses are person centered rather than task
centered. Rather than simply approaching a patient to take vital signs, the nurse
thinks, "How is Mrs. Barclay today? Are our nursing actions helping her to achieve
her goals? How can we better help her?" This demonstrates which characteristic of
the nursing process? a. Systematic
b. Interpersonal
c. Dynamic
d. Universally applicable in nursing situations: b. Interpersonal. All of the other
options are characteristics of the nursing process, but the conversation and thinking
quoted best illustrates the interpersonal dimension of the nursing process
6. An experienced nurse tells a beginning nurse not to bother studying too hard,
since most clinical reasoning becomes "second nature" and "intuitive" once you
start practicing. What thinking below should underlie the beginning nurse's
response?
a. Intuitive problem solving comes with years of practice and observation, and
novice nurses should base their care on scientific problem solving.
b. For nursing to remain a science, nurses must continue to be vigilant about
stamping out intuitive reasoning.
c. The emphasis on logical, scientific, evidence-based reasoning has held nursing
back for years; it is time to champion intuitive, creative thinking! d. It is simply a
matter of preference; some nurses are logical, scientific thinkers, and some are
intuitive, creative thinkers.: a. Beginning nurses must use nursing knowledge and
scientific problem solving as the basis of care they give; intuitive problem solving comes
with years of practice and observation
7. The nurse uses blended competencies when caring for patients in a rehabilitation
facility. Which examples of interventions involve cognitive skills? Select all that
apply.
a. The nurse uses critical thinking skills to plan care for a patient.
b. The nurse correctly administers IV saline to a patient who is dehydrated.
, c. The nurse assists a patient to fill out an informed consent form.
d. The nurse learns the correct dosages for patient pain medications.
e. The nurse comforts a mother whose baby was born with Down syndrome.
f. The nurse uses the proper procedure to catheterize a female patient.: a,
d. Using critical thinking and learning medication dosages are cognitive competencies.
Performing procedures correctly is a technical skill, helping a patient with an informed
consent form is a legal/ethical issue, and comforting a patient is an interpersonal skill.
8. A nurse uses critical thinking skills to focus on the care plan of an older adult who
has dementia and needs placement in a long-term care facility. Which statements
describe characteristics of this type of critical thinking applied to clinical reasoning?
Select all that apply.
a. It functions independently of nursing standards, ethics, and state practice acts.
b. It is based on the principles of the nursing process, problem solving, and the
scientific method.
c. It is driven by patient, family, and community needs as well as nurses' needs to
give competent, efficient care.
d. It is not designed to compensate for problems created by human nature, such as
medication errors.
e. it is constantly re-evaluating, self-correcting, and striving for improvement.
f. It focuses on the big picture rather than identifying the key problems, issues, and
risks involved with patient care: b, c, e. Critical thinking applied to clinical
reasoning and judgment in nursing practice is guided by standards, policies and
procedures, and ethics codes.
9. A nurse is caring for a patient who has complications related to type 2 diabetes
mellitus. The nurse researches new procedures to care for foot ulcers when
developing a care plan for this patient. Which QSEN competency does this action
represent?
a. Patient-centered care
b. Evidence-based practice
c. Quality improvement
d. Informatics: c. Quality improvement involves routinely updating nursing policies
and procedures. Providing patient-centered care involves listening to the patient and
demonstrating respect and compassion. Evidence-based practice is used when
adhering to internal policies and standardized skills. The nurse is employing
