Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts
and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition By Theresa Capriotti
3 goals of inflammation - ANSWER:wall off injured area
prevent spread of injury
bring bodys defenses to needed area
acute inflammation - ANSWER:raid onset
terminates quickly
chemical mediators orchestrate response
Phases of acute inflammation - ANSWER:1. increased vascular permeability
2. cellular chemotaxis
3. systemic response
__________ and ____________ dilate vessels - ANSWER:histamine and bradykinin
toxins are diluted by - ANSWER:fluid and WBC
5 signs of inflammation - ANSWER:heat, redness, swelling, pain, loss of function
purulent exudate - ANSWER:proteins, microbes, cell debris
white-green discharge
transudate - ANSWER:watery, clear
abcess - ANSWER:localized collection of pus
effusion - ANSWER:accumulation of fluid in body cavity
Cellular Chemotaxis - ANSWER:a chemical signal from microbial agents, endothelial
cells, and WBCs attracts platelets and other WBCs to the site of injury
Margination - ANSWER:WBCs line up along endothelium
release inflammatory mediators
Leukocytosis - ANSWER:increase in the number of white blood cells
, leukemoid reaction - ANSWER:extreme elevation in WBC
WBC differential - ANSWER:measure of the percentage of different types of white
blood cells present in the blood
inflammatory mediators - ANSWER:promote/inhibit inflammation
many pharm agents modulate
cytokines, chemokines
cytokines (2) - ANSWER:regulate immunity, released by WBC
Tumor necrosis factor alpha TNF
Interleukins ILs
chemokines - ANSWER:Attract leukocytes to site of inflammation
acute phase proteins - ANSWER:liver produces in response to cytokines
CRP, fibrinogen, serum amyloid A, Hepcidin
C-reactive protein (CRP), indicates? - ANSWER:marks foreign material for
phagocytosis
activates complement system
stimulates other inflammatory cytokines
elevation indicates active inflammation
High sensitivity C-reactive protein indicates - ANSWER:risk of heart attack
fibrinogen - ANSWER:binds to RBCs and fixes them into stacks that precipitate
process called rouleaux and sedimentation
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) - ANSWER:timed test that measures the rate at
which red blood cells settle through a volume of plasma
active inflammation
Amyloidosis, indicates? - ANSWER:prolonged secretion of serum amyloid a
indicates chronic inflammation
and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition By Theresa Capriotti
3 goals of inflammation - ANSWER:wall off injured area
prevent spread of injury
bring bodys defenses to needed area
acute inflammation - ANSWER:raid onset
terminates quickly
chemical mediators orchestrate response
Phases of acute inflammation - ANSWER:1. increased vascular permeability
2. cellular chemotaxis
3. systemic response
__________ and ____________ dilate vessels - ANSWER:histamine and bradykinin
toxins are diluted by - ANSWER:fluid and WBC
5 signs of inflammation - ANSWER:heat, redness, swelling, pain, loss of function
purulent exudate - ANSWER:proteins, microbes, cell debris
white-green discharge
transudate - ANSWER:watery, clear
abcess - ANSWER:localized collection of pus
effusion - ANSWER:accumulation of fluid in body cavity
Cellular Chemotaxis - ANSWER:a chemical signal from microbial agents, endothelial
cells, and WBCs attracts platelets and other WBCs to the site of injury
Margination - ANSWER:WBCs line up along endothelium
release inflammatory mediators
Leukocytosis - ANSWER:increase in the number of white blood cells
, leukemoid reaction - ANSWER:extreme elevation in WBC
WBC differential - ANSWER:measure of the percentage of different types of white
blood cells present in the blood
inflammatory mediators - ANSWER:promote/inhibit inflammation
many pharm agents modulate
cytokines, chemokines
cytokines (2) - ANSWER:regulate immunity, released by WBC
Tumor necrosis factor alpha TNF
Interleukins ILs
chemokines - ANSWER:Attract leukocytes to site of inflammation
acute phase proteins - ANSWER:liver produces in response to cytokines
CRP, fibrinogen, serum amyloid A, Hepcidin
C-reactive protein (CRP), indicates? - ANSWER:marks foreign material for
phagocytosis
activates complement system
stimulates other inflammatory cytokines
elevation indicates active inflammation
High sensitivity C-reactive protein indicates - ANSWER:risk of heart attack
fibrinogen - ANSWER:binds to RBCs and fixes them into stacks that precipitate
process called rouleaux and sedimentation
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) - ANSWER:timed test that measures the rate at
which red blood cells settle through a volume of plasma
active inflammation
Amyloidosis, indicates? - ANSWER:prolonged secretion of serum amyloid a
indicates chronic inflammation
