[Pearson Edexcel A-Level Politics] Paper 1 & Paper 2
with MARKSCHEME 2021
What is the expense scandal 2009 and what does it show? - ANSWER: A distrust of
MPs and the expenses scandal in 2009 has led people to feel disenchanted with the
Westminster parliament shows there's a crisis of participation
What is the Magna Carta - ANSWER: Magna Carta - A charter signed by King John in
1215 guaranteeing certain liberties to his subjects.
what type of constitution does the UK have? - ANSWER: The UK has a uncodified
constitution
What is an uncodified constitution? - ANSWER: a constitution which is not contained
in a single document and has a number of different source.
What is the House of Lords and how are members elected? - ANSWER: House of
Lords - The upper house of parliament, consisting of peers who have been appointed
by the monarch or inherited their position through family ties.
What does the Magna Carta state? - ANSWER: allowed anyone regardless of what
they do to have the right to a free trial and the right to a jury
What type of constitution does the US have - ANSWER: The US has a codified
constitution
What is a codified constitution? - ANSWER: a constitution which is set out in a single
document and has single source
What is statue law? - ANSWER: Law made by parliament
What is common law? - ANSWER: law made by judges through their decisions, not
through specific statutes
What is separation of powers? - ANSWER: Constitutional division of powers among
the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making
law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the
law
What type of democracy does the UK have? - ANSWER: pluralist democracy
What is a pressure group? - ANSWER: collections of people outside government who
campaign for changes in society
What does a lobbyist do? - ANSWER: apply pressure to the government
, What are think tanks? - ANSWER: a body of experts providing advice and ideas on
specific political or economic problems.
What is a cause group? - ANSWER: organizations whose members care intensely
about a single issue or a group of related issues
What is an example of a cause group? - ANSWER: Greenpeace
What are insider groups? - ANSWER: pressure groups that are regularly consulted by
government departments
What are outsider groups? - ANSWER: those whose aims do not enjoy the support of
the Government. They tend to adopt media based, high profile campaigns to capture
public attention.
what is a sectional group? - ANSWER: seek to represent the common interests of a
particular section of society. As a result, members of sectional groups are directly
and personally concerned with the outcome of the campaign fought by the group
because they usually stand to gain professionally and/or economically.
What happened to party membership in the 1900s and what does it show? -
ANSWER: Party membership declined in the 1900s and shows there's a crisis of
participation
What happened under Corbyn's time with Labour that is relevant to the crisis of
participation? - ANSWER: though Labour saw a surge during Corbyn's time as party
leader
crisis of participation - groups - ANSWER: Pressure groups such as Extinction
Rebellion and social movements like Black Lives Matter show significant political
participation shows there isn't a crisis of participation
what happened to voter turnouts in the 2015 elections and what do referendums
show? - ANSWER: There has been an Increasing voter turnout since the 2015
election, as well as in recent referendums across the UK which shows there isn't a
crisis of participation
What does online engagement do and show? - ANSWER: Online engagement has
meant that people do have a chance to express their views, and this makes
parliament more accountable than at any other time in its existence which shows
there isn't a crisis of participation
What should the voting age be reduced to? - ANSWER: 18 to 16
What's two arguments for reducing the voting age - ANSWER: reducing the voting
age to 16 will mean Young people are more likely to vote. If a person votes once,
with MARKSCHEME 2021
What is the expense scandal 2009 and what does it show? - ANSWER: A distrust of
MPs and the expenses scandal in 2009 has led people to feel disenchanted with the
Westminster parliament shows there's a crisis of participation
What is the Magna Carta - ANSWER: Magna Carta - A charter signed by King John in
1215 guaranteeing certain liberties to his subjects.
what type of constitution does the UK have? - ANSWER: The UK has a uncodified
constitution
What is an uncodified constitution? - ANSWER: a constitution which is not contained
in a single document and has a number of different source.
What is the House of Lords and how are members elected? - ANSWER: House of
Lords - The upper house of parliament, consisting of peers who have been appointed
by the monarch or inherited their position through family ties.
What does the Magna Carta state? - ANSWER: allowed anyone regardless of what
they do to have the right to a free trial and the right to a jury
What type of constitution does the US have - ANSWER: The US has a codified
constitution
What is a codified constitution? - ANSWER: a constitution which is set out in a single
document and has single source
What is statue law? - ANSWER: Law made by parliament
What is common law? - ANSWER: law made by judges through their decisions, not
through specific statutes
What is separation of powers? - ANSWER: Constitutional division of powers among
the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making
law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the
law
What type of democracy does the UK have? - ANSWER: pluralist democracy
What is a pressure group? - ANSWER: collections of people outside government who
campaign for changes in society
What does a lobbyist do? - ANSWER: apply pressure to the government
, What are think tanks? - ANSWER: a body of experts providing advice and ideas on
specific political or economic problems.
What is a cause group? - ANSWER: organizations whose members care intensely
about a single issue or a group of related issues
What is an example of a cause group? - ANSWER: Greenpeace
What are insider groups? - ANSWER: pressure groups that are regularly consulted by
government departments
What are outsider groups? - ANSWER: those whose aims do not enjoy the support of
the Government. They tend to adopt media based, high profile campaigns to capture
public attention.
what is a sectional group? - ANSWER: seek to represent the common interests of a
particular section of society. As a result, members of sectional groups are directly
and personally concerned with the outcome of the campaign fought by the group
because they usually stand to gain professionally and/or economically.
What happened to party membership in the 1900s and what does it show? -
ANSWER: Party membership declined in the 1900s and shows there's a crisis of
participation
What happened under Corbyn's time with Labour that is relevant to the crisis of
participation? - ANSWER: though Labour saw a surge during Corbyn's time as party
leader
crisis of participation - groups - ANSWER: Pressure groups such as Extinction
Rebellion and social movements like Black Lives Matter show significant political
participation shows there isn't a crisis of participation
what happened to voter turnouts in the 2015 elections and what do referendums
show? - ANSWER: There has been an Increasing voter turnout since the 2015
election, as well as in recent referendums across the UK which shows there isn't a
crisis of participation
What does online engagement do and show? - ANSWER: Online engagement has
meant that people do have a chance to express their views, and this makes
parliament more accountable than at any other time in its existence which shows
there isn't a crisis of participation
What should the voting age be reduced to? - ANSWER: 18 to 16
What's two arguments for reducing the voting age - ANSWER: reducing the voting
age to 16 will mean Young people are more likely to vote. If a person votes once,
