RN growth and development EAQ
When assessing the cognitive development of a 9-year-old child, which characteristic
indicates inadequate cognitive development?
1
The child collects different-colored rocks.
2
The child says that fall is better than spring.
3
The child considers a boy at school to be a better friend than a neighbor.
4
The child believes there are more blocks when spread out on the floor than in the
container. - ANSWER: Correct4
The child believes there are more blocks when spread out on the floor than in the
container.
At ages 5 to 7, children learn that simply altering the arrangement of objects in space
does not change certain properties of the objects. A 9-year-old child should able to
resist perceptual cues that there are more blocks when on the floor than when in
their container. During Piaget's stage of concrete operations, children develop an
understanding of relationships between things and ideas. They become occupied
with collections of objects, such as rocks, and derive enjoyment from classifying and
ordering their environment. They may even begin to order friends and relationships
(e.g., best friend, second-best friend).
An 8-year-old child is being prepared for surgery the next day. How should the nurse
present preoperative instructions to this child?
1
By repeating instructions often
2
By providing time for needle play
3
By using several abstract examples
4
By focusing on simple anatomical diagrams - ANSWER: 4
By focusing on simple anatomical diagrams
According to Piaget, an 8-year-old child's level of development is in the stage of
concrete operations; the child will benefit from simple, concrete examples. The
preschooler and younger child, not the school-age child, require repetition.
Therapeutic needle play is more appropriate if and when the child is to receive an
injection. The child who is in the period of concrete operations cannot think in the
abstract; the ability to do this develops during adolescence.
Which content type of play allows a child to experience pleasure by swinging?
1
Skill play
,2
Pretend play
3
Social-affective play
4
Sense-pleasure play - ANSWER: 4
Sense-pleasure play
Sense-pleasure play is a nonsocial stimulating experience in which the pleasurable
experiences are derived from the environment, handling of raw materials, and body
motion such as swinging, bouncing, and rocking. In skill play, infants persistently
demonstrate and exercise their newly acquired abilities. The simple, imitative,
dramatic play of toddlers, such as using a telephone, driving a car, or rocking a doll is
called pretend play or dramatic play. In social-affective play, the infant takes
pleasure in relationships with people. As adults talk, touch, nuzzle, and in various
ways elicit responses from an infant, the infant soon learns to provoke parental
emotions and responses.
Which statement by a mother indicates the need for additional teaching about
safety guidelines for infants and toddlers?
1
"I will use plastic eating and drinking utensils."
2
"I will give my child hard candies for chewing."
3
"I will not allow my child to chew on old furniture."
4
"I will turn pot handles toward the back of the stove." - ANSWER: 2
"I will give my child hard candies for chewing."
Hard candies should not be given to infants and toddlers because they can be easily
aspirated, which will result in choking. Therefore, the nurse should suggest that the
mother avoid giving hard candies to young children. The nurse should suggest that
the mother use plastic eating and drinking utensils for young children because glass
and ceramic utensils may break and lead to injury. Old furniture may contain lead
paints, which are toxic. Therefore, children should not be allowed to chew on them.
Some children, out of curiosity, may grab pot handles, which can cause burns.
Therefore, the nurse should advise the mother to turn pot handles toward the back
of the stove for the safety of young children.
Which gross motor skill can be observed in a 7-month-old infant?
1
Sits alone without support
2
Creeps on hands and knees
3
Walks holding onto furniture
, 4
Sits down from a standing position - ANSWER: 1
Sits alone without support
Infants between 6 and 8 months of age can sit alone without support. Infants can
creep on their hands and knees at the age of 8 to 10 months. Infants who are 10 to
12 months of age can walk while holding onto furniture and can sit down from a
standing position due to their well-developed motor skills.
Which reading of a newborn's pulse may indicate an abnormality in the function of
the cardiovascular system?
1
100 beats/min
2
120 beats/min
3
130 beats/min
4
140 beats/min - ANSWER: 1
100 beats/min
The normal pulse rate of a newborn ranges from 120 to 160 beats/min. Therefore, a
pulse rate of 100 beats/min may indicate an abnormality. Pulse rates of 120
beats/min, 130 beats/min, and 140 beats/min are within normal range.
Which statement by the mother of a 5-month-old infant indicates effective learning
about proper nutrition for the infant's growth and development?
1
"I will breastfeed my child."
2
"I will give my child whole cow's milk."
3
"I will give my child adequate fruit juice."
4
"I will give my child iron-fortified cereals." - ANSWER: 1
"I will breastfeed my child."
Breastfeeding is recommended for infant nutrition because breast milk contains
essential nutrients of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and immunoglobulins. Giving
cow's milk to an infant may lead to internal bleeding, anemia, and an increased
incidence of allergies. Fruit juices should be avoided because they do not provide
sufficient calories during this period. Iron-fortified cereals should be given to infants
after 6 months of age because infants younger than 6 months of age are not
sufficiently mature to digest solid foods.
When assessing the cognitive development of a 9-year-old child, which characteristic
indicates inadequate cognitive development?
1
The child collects different-colored rocks.
2
The child says that fall is better than spring.
3
The child considers a boy at school to be a better friend than a neighbor.
4
The child believes there are more blocks when spread out on the floor than in the
container. - ANSWER: Correct4
The child believes there are more blocks when spread out on the floor than in the
container.
At ages 5 to 7, children learn that simply altering the arrangement of objects in space
does not change certain properties of the objects. A 9-year-old child should able to
resist perceptual cues that there are more blocks when on the floor than when in
their container. During Piaget's stage of concrete operations, children develop an
understanding of relationships between things and ideas. They become occupied
with collections of objects, such as rocks, and derive enjoyment from classifying and
ordering their environment. They may even begin to order friends and relationships
(e.g., best friend, second-best friend).
An 8-year-old child is being prepared for surgery the next day. How should the nurse
present preoperative instructions to this child?
1
By repeating instructions often
2
By providing time for needle play
3
By using several abstract examples
4
By focusing on simple anatomical diagrams - ANSWER: 4
By focusing on simple anatomical diagrams
According to Piaget, an 8-year-old child's level of development is in the stage of
concrete operations; the child will benefit from simple, concrete examples. The
preschooler and younger child, not the school-age child, require repetition.
Therapeutic needle play is more appropriate if and when the child is to receive an
injection. The child who is in the period of concrete operations cannot think in the
abstract; the ability to do this develops during adolescence.
Which content type of play allows a child to experience pleasure by swinging?
1
Skill play
,2
Pretend play
3
Social-affective play
4
Sense-pleasure play - ANSWER: 4
Sense-pleasure play
Sense-pleasure play is a nonsocial stimulating experience in which the pleasurable
experiences are derived from the environment, handling of raw materials, and body
motion such as swinging, bouncing, and rocking. In skill play, infants persistently
demonstrate and exercise their newly acquired abilities. The simple, imitative,
dramatic play of toddlers, such as using a telephone, driving a car, or rocking a doll is
called pretend play or dramatic play. In social-affective play, the infant takes
pleasure in relationships with people. As adults talk, touch, nuzzle, and in various
ways elicit responses from an infant, the infant soon learns to provoke parental
emotions and responses.
Which statement by a mother indicates the need for additional teaching about
safety guidelines for infants and toddlers?
1
"I will use plastic eating and drinking utensils."
2
"I will give my child hard candies for chewing."
3
"I will not allow my child to chew on old furniture."
4
"I will turn pot handles toward the back of the stove." - ANSWER: 2
"I will give my child hard candies for chewing."
Hard candies should not be given to infants and toddlers because they can be easily
aspirated, which will result in choking. Therefore, the nurse should suggest that the
mother avoid giving hard candies to young children. The nurse should suggest that
the mother use plastic eating and drinking utensils for young children because glass
and ceramic utensils may break and lead to injury. Old furniture may contain lead
paints, which are toxic. Therefore, children should not be allowed to chew on them.
Some children, out of curiosity, may grab pot handles, which can cause burns.
Therefore, the nurse should advise the mother to turn pot handles toward the back
of the stove for the safety of young children.
Which gross motor skill can be observed in a 7-month-old infant?
1
Sits alone without support
2
Creeps on hands and knees
3
Walks holding onto furniture
, 4
Sits down from a standing position - ANSWER: 1
Sits alone without support
Infants between 6 and 8 months of age can sit alone without support. Infants can
creep on their hands and knees at the age of 8 to 10 months. Infants who are 10 to
12 months of age can walk while holding onto furniture and can sit down from a
standing position due to their well-developed motor skills.
Which reading of a newborn's pulse may indicate an abnormality in the function of
the cardiovascular system?
1
100 beats/min
2
120 beats/min
3
130 beats/min
4
140 beats/min - ANSWER: 1
100 beats/min
The normal pulse rate of a newborn ranges from 120 to 160 beats/min. Therefore, a
pulse rate of 100 beats/min may indicate an abnormality. Pulse rates of 120
beats/min, 130 beats/min, and 140 beats/min are within normal range.
Which statement by the mother of a 5-month-old infant indicates effective learning
about proper nutrition for the infant's growth and development?
1
"I will breastfeed my child."
2
"I will give my child whole cow's milk."
3
"I will give my child adequate fruit juice."
4
"I will give my child iron-fortified cereals." - ANSWER: 1
"I will breastfeed my child."
Breastfeeding is recommended for infant nutrition because breast milk contains
essential nutrients of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and immunoglobulins. Giving
cow's milk to an infant may lead to internal bleeding, anemia, and an increased
incidence of allergies. Fruit juices should be avoided because they do not provide
sufficient calories during this period. Iron-fortified cereals should be given to infants
after 6 months of age because infants younger than 6 months of age are not
sufficiently mature to digest solid foods.
