Test Bank For Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care
11th Edition By Jacqueline Burchum; Laura Rosenthal
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER: The study of drug movement throughout the body
A term derived from two Greek words
Pharmakon= drug or poison
Kinesis= Motion
Four basic pharmacokinetic processes - ANSWER: Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
And excretion
Absorption - ANSWER: Defined as the movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the blood
Distribution - ANSWER: Defined as drug movement from the blood to the interstitial
space of tissues from there into cells
Metabolism - ANSWER: Biotransformation
Defined as enzymatically mediated alteration of drug structure
Excretion - ANSWER: movement of drugs and their metabolites out of the body
Elimination - ANSWER: The combination of metabolism and excretion
Chemophobes - ANSWER: Students who fear chemistry
Cytoplasmic membrane - ANSWER: The membrane that surrounds every cell
Phospholipids - ANSWER: The membrane structure consisting of a double layer of
molecules
Simply lipids that contain an atom of phosphate
Three important ways drugs Cross cell membranes - ANSWER: 1-passage through
channels or pores
2-passage with the aid of transport system
3-Direct penetration of the membrane itself
, Transport systems - ANSWER: Carriers that move drugs from one side of the cell
membrane to the other
P-glycoprotein (PGP) - ANSWER: Transmembrane proteins that transports a wide
variety of drugs out of the cell
Why is movement for drugs throughout the body dependent on penetrating
membranes? - ANSWER: 1-most drugs are too large to pass through channels are
pores
2-most drugs lack transport systems to help them cross all the membranes that
separate them from their site of action, metabolism, and excretion
lipid soluble (lipophilic) - ANSWER: Liking to or dissolving in lipids
Polar molecules - ANSWER: Polar molecules are molecules with uneven distribution
of electrical charge
No net charge
I.e. water
I.e. of a polar drug is an anabiotic
Ions - ANSWER: Molecules that do bear a net electrical charge that is positive or
negative
Other than really small ones, they can't cross membranes
Quarternary ammonium compounds - ANSWER: Molecules that contain at least one
atom of nitrogen and carry a positive charge at all times
Acid - ANSWER: Compound that can give up a hydrogen ion (proton)
Proton donor
Base - ANSWER: Compound that can take a hydrogen ion
Proton acceptor
Ionization - ANSWER: The process for either an acid or a base to be converted into
charge particles
Ion trapping or pH partitioning - ANSWER: The process whereby a drug accumulates
on the side of a membrane where the pH most favors it ionization
11th Edition By Jacqueline Burchum; Laura Rosenthal
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER: The study of drug movement throughout the body
A term derived from two Greek words
Pharmakon= drug or poison
Kinesis= Motion
Four basic pharmacokinetic processes - ANSWER: Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
And excretion
Absorption - ANSWER: Defined as the movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the blood
Distribution - ANSWER: Defined as drug movement from the blood to the interstitial
space of tissues from there into cells
Metabolism - ANSWER: Biotransformation
Defined as enzymatically mediated alteration of drug structure
Excretion - ANSWER: movement of drugs and their metabolites out of the body
Elimination - ANSWER: The combination of metabolism and excretion
Chemophobes - ANSWER: Students who fear chemistry
Cytoplasmic membrane - ANSWER: The membrane that surrounds every cell
Phospholipids - ANSWER: The membrane structure consisting of a double layer of
molecules
Simply lipids that contain an atom of phosphate
Three important ways drugs Cross cell membranes - ANSWER: 1-passage through
channels or pores
2-passage with the aid of transport system
3-Direct penetration of the membrane itself
, Transport systems - ANSWER: Carriers that move drugs from one side of the cell
membrane to the other
P-glycoprotein (PGP) - ANSWER: Transmembrane proteins that transports a wide
variety of drugs out of the cell
Why is movement for drugs throughout the body dependent on penetrating
membranes? - ANSWER: 1-most drugs are too large to pass through channels are
pores
2-most drugs lack transport systems to help them cross all the membranes that
separate them from their site of action, metabolism, and excretion
lipid soluble (lipophilic) - ANSWER: Liking to or dissolving in lipids
Polar molecules - ANSWER: Polar molecules are molecules with uneven distribution
of electrical charge
No net charge
I.e. water
I.e. of a polar drug is an anabiotic
Ions - ANSWER: Molecules that do bear a net electrical charge that is positive or
negative
Other than really small ones, they can't cross membranes
Quarternary ammonium compounds - ANSWER: Molecules that contain at least one
atom of nitrogen and carry a positive charge at all times
Acid - ANSWER: Compound that can give up a hydrogen ion (proton)
Proton donor
Base - ANSWER: Compound that can take a hydrogen ion
Proton acceptor
Ionization - ANSWER: The process for either an acid or a base to be converted into
charge particles
Ion trapping or pH partitioning - ANSWER: The process whereby a drug accumulates
on the side of a membrane where the pH most favors it ionization
