,Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathophysiology
`! `! `! `!
VanMeter and Hubert: Gould’s Pathophysiology for the Health Professions, 7th Edition
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
MULTIPLE CHOICE `!
1. Which of the following would be the most likely cause of
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
aniatrogenic disease?
`! `! `!
a. An inheriteddisorder `!
b. Acombination of specific etiological factors
`! `! `! `! `!
c. Anunwanted effect of a prescribed drug
`! `! `! `! `! `!
d. Prolonged exposure to toxic chemicals in the environment `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
ANS: C `!
2. Themanifestations of a disease are best defined as the
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. subjectivefeelings of discomfort during a chronic illness. `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
b. signs and symptoms of adisease. `! `! `! `!
c. factors that precipitate an acute episode of a chronic illness.
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. earlyindicators of the prodromal stage of infection.
`! `! `! `! `! `! `!
ANS: B `!
3. Thebest definition of the term prognosis is the
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. precipitatingfactors causing an acute episode. `! `! `! `! `!
b. numberof remissions to be expected during the course of a chronic illness.
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
c. predicted outcome or likelihood of recoveryfrom a specific disease. `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. exacerbations occurring during chronic illness. `! `! `! `!
ANS: C `!
4. Which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease?
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. Swelling of theknee `! `!
b. Fever
c. Pain in theneck `! `! `!
d. Red rash on theface `! `! `!
ANS: B `!
5. Etiologyis defined as the studyof the `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. causes of adisease. `! `!
b. course of adisease. `! `!
c. expected complications ofadisease. `! `! `! `!
d. manifestations of adisease. `! `!
ANS: A `!
6. A type of cellular adaptation in which there is a decrease in cell size is referred to as
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. hypertrophy.
b. metaplasia.
c. anaplasia.
d. atrophy.
ANS: D `!
7. A change in a tissue marked bycells that varyin size and shape and show increased
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
mitoticfigures would be called
`! `! `! `! `!
, a. metaplasia.
b. atrophy.
c. dysplasia.
d. hypertrophy.
ANS: C `!
8. A deficit of oxygen in the cells usuallydue to respiratoryor circulatoryproblems is called
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. apoptosis.
b. ischemia.
c. hypertrophy.
d. necrosis.
ANS: B `!
9. When a group of cells in the bodydies, the change is called
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. ischemia.
b. gangrene.
c. hypoxia.
d. necrosis.
ANS: D `!
10. Rigorous weightlifting/bodybuilding regimens may result in the skeletal muscle
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
cellsundergoing
`! `!
a. hypertrophy.
b. dysplasia.
c. atrophy.
d. regeneration.
ANS: A `!
11. The term cancer refersto
`! `! `!
a. dysplasia.
b. hyperplasia.
c. metaplasia.
d. malignant neoplasm. `!
ANS: D `!
12. To which of the following does the term apoptosis refer?
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. Increased rate of mitosis bycertain cells `! `! `! `! `! `!
b. Ischemic damage tocells `! `!
c. Liquefaction of necrotictissue `! `!
d. Preprogrammed cellself-destruction `! `!
ANS: D `!
13. Which ofthe following statements is TRUE?
`! `! `! `! `! `!
a. Alteration of DNA does not change cell function. `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
b. Damaged cells maybe able to repair themselves. `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
c. All types of cells die at the same rate.
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. Mild ischemiacauses immediate cell death. `! `! `! `! `!
ANS: B `!
14. Caseation necrosis refers to an area where `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. cell proteins have been denatured. `! `! `! `!
, b. cells are liquefied byenzymes. `! `! `! `!
c. dead cells form a thick cheesysubstance. `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. bacterial invasion hasoccurred. `! `!
ANS: C `!
15. Routine application of sun block to skin would be an example of
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. an iatrogenic cause ofcancer.
`! `! `!
b. a preventivemeasure.
`! `!
c. a precipitatingfactor.
`! `!
d. a predisposingcondition.
`!
ANS: B `!
16. A circumstance that causes a sudden acute episode of a chronic disease to occur is termed
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. latent stage. `!
b. predisposingfactor. `!
c. incidence.
d. precipitating factor. `!
ANS: D `!
17. Theterm homeostasis refers to
`! `! `! `!
a. the causative factors in a particular disease.
`! `! `! `! `! `!
b. maintenanceof astable internal environment. `! `! `! `! `!
c. acondition that triggers an acute episode.
`! `! `! `! `! `!
d. a collection ofsigns and symptoms.
`! `! `! `!
ANS: B `!
18. Which term is used to describe a new and secondary or additional problem that arises after
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
theoriginal disease has been established?
`! `! `! `! `! `!
a. Symptoms
b. Occurrence
c. Manifestations
d. Complication
ANS: D `!
19. Pathophysiologyinvolves the studyof `! `! `! `!
a. the structureof the human body. `! `! `! `!
b. the functions of various organs in the body.
`! `! `! `! `! `! `!
c. functional orstructural changes resulting from disease processes. `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. various cell structures and related functions. `! `! `! `! `!
ANS: C `!
20. Which of the following is the best definition of epidemiology?
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. Thescience of tracking the occurrence and distribution of diseases
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
b. Therelative number of deaths resulting from a particular disease
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
c. Identification of a specific disease through evaluation of signs and symptoms `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. Theglobal search for emerging diseases `! `! `! `! `!
ANS: A `!
`! `! `! `!
VanMeter and Hubert: Gould’s Pathophysiology for the Health Professions, 7th Edition
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
MULTIPLE CHOICE `!
1. Which of the following would be the most likely cause of
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
aniatrogenic disease?
`! `! `!
a. An inheriteddisorder `!
b. Acombination of specific etiological factors
`! `! `! `! `!
c. Anunwanted effect of a prescribed drug
`! `! `! `! `! `!
d. Prolonged exposure to toxic chemicals in the environment `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
ANS: C `!
2. Themanifestations of a disease are best defined as the
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. subjectivefeelings of discomfort during a chronic illness. `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
b. signs and symptoms of adisease. `! `! `! `!
c. factors that precipitate an acute episode of a chronic illness.
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. earlyindicators of the prodromal stage of infection.
`! `! `! `! `! `! `!
ANS: B `!
3. Thebest definition of the term prognosis is the
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. precipitatingfactors causing an acute episode. `! `! `! `! `!
b. numberof remissions to be expected during the course of a chronic illness.
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
c. predicted outcome or likelihood of recoveryfrom a specific disease. `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. exacerbations occurring during chronic illness. `! `! `! `!
ANS: C `!
4. Which of the following is considered a systemic sign of disease?
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. Swelling of theknee `! `!
b. Fever
c. Pain in theneck `! `! `!
d. Red rash on theface `! `! `!
ANS: B `!
5. Etiologyis defined as the studyof the `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. causes of adisease. `! `!
b. course of adisease. `! `!
c. expected complications ofadisease. `! `! `! `!
d. manifestations of adisease. `! `!
ANS: A `!
6. A type of cellular adaptation in which there is a decrease in cell size is referred to as
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. hypertrophy.
b. metaplasia.
c. anaplasia.
d. atrophy.
ANS: D `!
7. A change in a tissue marked bycells that varyin size and shape and show increased
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
mitoticfigures would be called
`! `! `! `! `!
, a. metaplasia.
b. atrophy.
c. dysplasia.
d. hypertrophy.
ANS: C `!
8. A deficit of oxygen in the cells usuallydue to respiratoryor circulatoryproblems is called
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. apoptosis.
b. ischemia.
c. hypertrophy.
d. necrosis.
ANS: B `!
9. When a group of cells in the bodydies, the change is called
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. ischemia.
b. gangrene.
c. hypoxia.
d. necrosis.
ANS: D `!
10. Rigorous weightlifting/bodybuilding regimens may result in the skeletal muscle
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
cellsundergoing
`! `!
a. hypertrophy.
b. dysplasia.
c. atrophy.
d. regeneration.
ANS: A `!
11. The term cancer refersto
`! `! `!
a. dysplasia.
b. hyperplasia.
c. metaplasia.
d. malignant neoplasm. `!
ANS: D `!
12. To which of the following does the term apoptosis refer?
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. Increased rate of mitosis bycertain cells `! `! `! `! `! `!
b. Ischemic damage tocells `! `!
c. Liquefaction of necrotictissue `! `!
d. Preprogrammed cellself-destruction `! `!
ANS: D `!
13. Which ofthe following statements is TRUE?
`! `! `! `! `! `!
a. Alteration of DNA does not change cell function. `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
b. Damaged cells maybe able to repair themselves. `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
c. All types of cells die at the same rate.
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. Mild ischemiacauses immediate cell death. `! `! `! `! `!
ANS: B `!
14. Caseation necrosis refers to an area where `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. cell proteins have been denatured. `! `! `! `!
, b. cells are liquefied byenzymes. `! `! `! `!
c. dead cells form a thick cheesysubstance. `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. bacterial invasion hasoccurred. `! `!
ANS: C `!
15. Routine application of sun block to skin would be an example of
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. an iatrogenic cause ofcancer.
`! `! `!
b. a preventivemeasure.
`! `!
c. a precipitatingfactor.
`! `!
d. a predisposingcondition.
`!
ANS: B `!
16. A circumstance that causes a sudden acute episode of a chronic disease to occur is termed
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. latent stage. `!
b. predisposingfactor. `!
c. incidence.
d. precipitating factor. `!
ANS: D `!
17. Theterm homeostasis refers to
`! `! `! `!
a. the causative factors in a particular disease.
`! `! `! `! `! `!
b. maintenanceof astable internal environment. `! `! `! `! `!
c. acondition that triggers an acute episode.
`! `! `! `! `! `!
d. a collection ofsigns and symptoms.
`! `! `! `!
ANS: B `!
18. Which term is used to describe a new and secondary or additional problem that arises after
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
theoriginal disease has been established?
`! `! `! `! `! `!
a. Symptoms
b. Occurrence
c. Manifestations
d. Complication
ANS: D `!
19. Pathophysiologyinvolves the studyof `! `! `! `!
a. the structureof the human body. `! `! `! `!
b. the functions of various organs in the body.
`! `! `! `! `! `! `!
c. functional orstructural changes resulting from disease processes. `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. various cell structures and related functions. `! `! `! `! `!
ANS: C `!
20. Which of the following is the best definition of epidemiology?
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
a. Thescience of tracking the occurrence and distribution of diseases
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
b. Therelative number of deaths resulting from a particular disease
`! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
c. Identification of a specific disease through evaluation of signs and symptoms `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `! `!
d. Theglobal search for emerging diseases `! `! `! `! `!
ANS: A `!
