Drugs and the Neuroscience of Behavior An
Introduction to Psychopharmacology 2nd Edition Prus
Test Bank
What is a drug? - ANSWER: any substance that changes the function of something in
an organism.
How do drugs work? - ANSWER: They bind to a target to create a response.
Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER: what the drug does to the body
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER: what the body does to the drug
What are the steps in Pharmacokinestics? - ANSWER: 1. Drugs have to reach site of
action.
2.Influence of "Route of Administration" on PK
3. Absorption is transferred in/out of circulatory system.
2 Fundamental Features of a Drug - ANSWER: Affinity
Efficacy
Affinity - ANSWER: Tenacity (persistency) with which the drug binds to the receptor
Efficacy - ANSWER: Ability of a drug to transduce a biological effect.
Drug classification - ANSWER: 1. Pharmacologic effects.
2. Site of Action
3. Legal Statutes
4. Action site
Agonist - ANSWER: Binds to a receptor and facilitates a response
Antagonist - ANSWER: Binds to a receptor and inhibits/ blocks the receptor
response.
Drug Targets - ANSWER: Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids
Major Protein targets - ANSWER: 1. Receptor
2. Ion channels
3. Transporters
4. Enzymes
Types of Receptors - ANSWER: 1. Channel-linked receptors
2. Enzyme- linked receptors
, 3. G-protein receptors
4. Intracellular receptors
Loratadine (Claritin) - ANSWER: blocks histamine receptors (no allergies)
SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) - ANSWER: Prozac (fluoxetine)
Lidocaine - ANSWER: local anesthetic (blocks sodium channels)
Threshold - ANSWER: Dose producing the smallest measurable response.
ED50 - ANSWER: The dose that produces 50% of the maximal response
ED100 - ANSWER: Does that produces maximal response
Potency - ANSWER: Concentration or dose of a drug required to produce a given
response.
theraputic index - ANSWER: TD50 = median toxic dose
ED50 = median effective dose
window = between those doses
TD50/ED50= TI
Safe drugs have a wider or high window/index
Illicit drugs: Dose Problems - ANSWER: 1. Impurities (not getting pharmaceutical
grade)
2. Inconsistency (varying potencies)
Tolerance - ANSWER: the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a
drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the
drug's effect.
(shifts tolerance curve= closer to toxic effect)
Selectivity - ANSWER: ability of a drug to produce a certain effect... related to
specificity of the drug binding to receptors
Specificity - ANSWER: How well a drug binds to/ responds to a receptor. (only has 1
effect)
3 Major functions of the nervous system - ANSWER: 1.Sensory input CNS
2.Information processing PNS
3. Motor Output (Enteric Nervous System) ENS
CNS (central nervous system) - ANSWER: 1. consists of the brain and spinal cord
2. Coordinates body's activities
Introduction to Psychopharmacology 2nd Edition Prus
Test Bank
What is a drug? - ANSWER: any substance that changes the function of something in
an organism.
How do drugs work? - ANSWER: They bind to a target to create a response.
Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER: what the drug does to the body
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER: what the body does to the drug
What are the steps in Pharmacokinestics? - ANSWER: 1. Drugs have to reach site of
action.
2.Influence of "Route of Administration" on PK
3. Absorption is transferred in/out of circulatory system.
2 Fundamental Features of a Drug - ANSWER: Affinity
Efficacy
Affinity - ANSWER: Tenacity (persistency) with which the drug binds to the receptor
Efficacy - ANSWER: Ability of a drug to transduce a biological effect.
Drug classification - ANSWER: 1. Pharmacologic effects.
2. Site of Action
3. Legal Statutes
4. Action site
Agonist - ANSWER: Binds to a receptor and facilitates a response
Antagonist - ANSWER: Binds to a receptor and inhibits/ blocks the receptor
response.
Drug Targets - ANSWER: Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids
Major Protein targets - ANSWER: 1. Receptor
2. Ion channels
3. Transporters
4. Enzymes
Types of Receptors - ANSWER: 1. Channel-linked receptors
2. Enzyme- linked receptors
, 3. G-protein receptors
4. Intracellular receptors
Loratadine (Claritin) - ANSWER: blocks histamine receptors (no allergies)
SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) - ANSWER: Prozac (fluoxetine)
Lidocaine - ANSWER: local anesthetic (blocks sodium channels)
Threshold - ANSWER: Dose producing the smallest measurable response.
ED50 - ANSWER: The dose that produces 50% of the maximal response
ED100 - ANSWER: Does that produces maximal response
Potency - ANSWER: Concentration or dose of a drug required to produce a given
response.
theraputic index - ANSWER: TD50 = median toxic dose
ED50 = median effective dose
window = between those doses
TD50/ED50= TI
Safe drugs have a wider or high window/index
Illicit drugs: Dose Problems - ANSWER: 1. Impurities (not getting pharmaceutical
grade)
2. Inconsistency (varying potencies)
Tolerance - ANSWER: the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a
drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the
drug's effect.
(shifts tolerance curve= closer to toxic effect)
Selectivity - ANSWER: ability of a drug to produce a certain effect... related to
specificity of the drug binding to receptors
Specificity - ANSWER: How well a drug binds to/ responds to a receptor. (only has 1
effect)
3 Major functions of the nervous system - ANSWER: 1.Sensory input CNS
2.Information processing PNS
3. Motor Output (Enteric Nervous System) ENS
CNS (central nervous system) - ANSWER: 1. consists of the brain and spinal cord
2. Coordinates body's activities
