Test Bank for Aging as a Social Process: Canadian
Perspectives 7th Edition By Andrew V. Wister
"For a lot of bad ideas, science is society's garbage disposal." Describe what this tells
us about the scientific attitude and what's involved in critical thinking. - ANSWER:
Many ideas and questions may be scrutinized scientifically, and the bad ones end up
discarded as a result. Scientific thinking combines (1) curiosity about the world
around us, (2) skepticism about unproven claims and ideas, and (3) humility about
one's own understanding. This process leads us to evaluate evidence, assess
conclusions, and examine our own assumptions, which are essential parts of critical
thinking.
Why did introspection fail as a method for understanding how the mind works? -
ANSWER: People's self-reports varied, depending
What event defined the start of scientific psychology? - ANSWER: Scientific
psychology began in Germany in 1879 when Wihelm Wundt opened the first
psychology laboratory.
The school of ______________________ used introspection to define the mind's
makeup; ___________________________ focused on how mental processes enable
us to adapt, survive, and flourish - ANSWER: Structuralism; functionalism
From the 1920s through the 1960s, the major forces in psychology were
_________________ and ______________ psychology - ANSWER: Behaviorism;
Freudian
How did the cognitive revolution affect the field of psychology? - ANSWER: It
recaptured the field's early interest in mental processes and made them legitimate
topics for scientific study.
What is natural selection? - ANSWER: This is the process by which nature selects
from chance variations the traits that best enable an organism to survive and
reproduce in a particular environment.
What is contemporary psychology's position on the nature-nurture issue? - ANSWER:
Psychological events often stem from the interaction of nature and nurture, rather
than from either of them acting alone
What advantage do we gain by using the biopsychosocial approach in studying
psychological events? - ANSWER: By incorporating different levels of analysis, the
biopsychological approach can provide a more complete view than any one
perspective could offer
, The _______________________ perspective in psychology focuses on how behavior
and thought differ from situation to situation and from culture to culture, while the
__________________ perspective emphasizes observation of how we respond to
and learn in different situations - ANSWER: Social-cultural; behavioral
Clinical psychology - ANSWER: Studies, assesses, and treats people with
psychological disorders, but usually does not provide medical therapy
Psychiatry - ANSWER: Branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders
Counseling psychology - ANSWER: Helps people cope with life challenges, such as
issues at school, at work, or in relationships
An integrated explanation of human behavior provided by the neuroscience,
cognitive, social-cultural, and other perspectives in psychology is most clearly
provided by
A. a biopsychosocial approach.
B. structuralism.
C. the psychodynamic perspective.
D. behaviorism. - ANSWER: A. a biopsychosocial approach.
Debates as to whether the excessive use of alcohol is biologically determined or
culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of
A. nature and nurture.
B. behavior and mental processes.
C. observation and introspection.
D. structuralism and functionalism. - ANSWER: A. nature and nurture.
Basic research on persistent human traits like optimism and pessimism is most
characteristic of the specialty known as ________ psychology.
A. developmental
B. social
C. biological
D. personality - ANSWER: D. personality
Understanding why the fear of darkness may have contributed to the survival of our
human ancestors is most relevant to the ________ perspective.
A. psychodynamic
B. cognitive
C. behavioral
D. evolutionary - ANSWER: D. evolutionary
The scientific study of behavior without reference to mental processes was of special
interest to
A. B. F. Skinner.
B. Edward Titchener.
C. Sigmund Freud.
Perspectives 7th Edition By Andrew V. Wister
"For a lot of bad ideas, science is society's garbage disposal." Describe what this tells
us about the scientific attitude and what's involved in critical thinking. - ANSWER:
Many ideas and questions may be scrutinized scientifically, and the bad ones end up
discarded as a result. Scientific thinking combines (1) curiosity about the world
around us, (2) skepticism about unproven claims and ideas, and (3) humility about
one's own understanding. This process leads us to evaluate evidence, assess
conclusions, and examine our own assumptions, which are essential parts of critical
thinking.
Why did introspection fail as a method for understanding how the mind works? -
ANSWER: People's self-reports varied, depending
What event defined the start of scientific psychology? - ANSWER: Scientific
psychology began in Germany in 1879 when Wihelm Wundt opened the first
psychology laboratory.
The school of ______________________ used introspection to define the mind's
makeup; ___________________________ focused on how mental processes enable
us to adapt, survive, and flourish - ANSWER: Structuralism; functionalism
From the 1920s through the 1960s, the major forces in psychology were
_________________ and ______________ psychology - ANSWER: Behaviorism;
Freudian
How did the cognitive revolution affect the field of psychology? - ANSWER: It
recaptured the field's early interest in mental processes and made them legitimate
topics for scientific study.
What is natural selection? - ANSWER: This is the process by which nature selects
from chance variations the traits that best enable an organism to survive and
reproduce in a particular environment.
What is contemporary psychology's position on the nature-nurture issue? - ANSWER:
Psychological events often stem from the interaction of nature and nurture, rather
than from either of them acting alone
What advantage do we gain by using the biopsychosocial approach in studying
psychological events? - ANSWER: By incorporating different levels of analysis, the
biopsychological approach can provide a more complete view than any one
perspective could offer
, The _______________________ perspective in psychology focuses on how behavior
and thought differ from situation to situation and from culture to culture, while the
__________________ perspective emphasizes observation of how we respond to
and learn in different situations - ANSWER: Social-cultural; behavioral
Clinical psychology - ANSWER: Studies, assesses, and treats people with
psychological disorders, but usually does not provide medical therapy
Psychiatry - ANSWER: Branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders
Counseling psychology - ANSWER: Helps people cope with life challenges, such as
issues at school, at work, or in relationships
An integrated explanation of human behavior provided by the neuroscience,
cognitive, social-cultural, and other perspectives in psychology is most clearly
provided by
A. a biopsychosocial approach.
B. structuralism.
C. the psychodynamic perspective.
D. behaviorism. - ANSWER: A. a biopsychosocial approach.
Debates as to whether the excessive use of alcohol is biologically determined or
culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of
A. nature and nurture.
B. behavior and mental processes.
C. observation and introspection.
D. structuralism and functionalism. - ANSWER: A. nature and nurture.
Basic research on persistent human traits like optimism and pessimism is most
characteristic of the specialty known as ________ psychology.
A. developmental
B. social
C. biological
D. personality - ANSWER: D. personality
Understanding why the fear of darkness may have contributed to the survival of our
human ancestors is most relevant to the ________ perspective.
A. psychodynamic
B. cognitive
C. behavioral
D. evolutionary - ANSWER: D. evolutionary
The scientific study of behavior without reference to mental processes was of special
interest to
A. B. F. Skinner.
B. Edward Titchener.
C. Sigmund Freud.
