Test Bank For An Introduction to Business Ethics 6th
Edition By Joseph DesJardins
Business ethics - ANSWER: Ethics is the study of morality
morality: standards about what is right or wrong?
Business Ethics refer to the principles and standards to guide businesses.
Some examples - ANSWER: Internet & Cyberspace: how large is the risk, are they
reversible?
Genetic engineering
Globalisation and business ethics:
-Driven by MNCs
-it has broght nations together but increases inequality. Some developing countries
have inappropriate techniques.
Ethical Relativism (Glossary) - ANSWER: there are no ethical standards to what is
true. Thus, everything is relative depending on the culture.
it can be right if the actions in line with person's culture, but wrong respectively to
others cultures.
if this is true, then discrimination in some societies are not wrong.
Example of Ethical Rel. - ANSWER: abortion in catholic cultures is immoral, however
in Japan is neutral regarding to controlling their population.
Conflict of interest - ANSWER: dilemma between personal interests and morality
Risk for firms performing unethical behavior - ANSWER: moentary fines
layoffs
lawsuits
reparation of damages
investors confidence decrease
destabilization of economy
evaluation of business ethics - ANSWER: stockholder theory --> when stockholders
perform unethical behavior to satisfy themselves
which developes into the stakeholders theory --> firms have to act ethically in order
to involved everyone in the company.
hypernorms - ANSWER: certain norms that should apply to people in all societies.
(HR principles)
Microsocial norms - ANSWER: apply only in some societies and differ from one
another.
, Bribery - ANSWER: the practice of giving some compensation(bribe) to influence the
individual.
occupational fraud - ANSWER: when someone uses its ocupation for personal
enrichment.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) - ANSWER: is a corporation's initiatives to
assess and take responsibility for the company's effects on environmental and social
wellbeing. The term generally applies to efforts that go beyond what may be
required by regulators or environmental protection groups.
it helps positively the organization, as well as it innovate them, and makes them
more competitive
Code of ethics (Glossary) - ANSWER: is a written set of guidelines of an organization
(for its workers and managers), on how they should conduct, includes primary values
and ethical standards.
Strategic approach to business ethics - ANSWER: organization will integrate business
ethics issues across all of its operations and activities
morality - ANSWER: refers to some codes of conduct set up by a society
moral awareness (glossary) - ANSWER: refers to the ability of an individual to
understand the how ethical a situation or behavior could be
6 basic criterias (HIGH - LOW) - ANSWER: 1 - Magnitude of consequences: degree of
harm that the victims of an unethical choice will have to go through
2- Social consensus: degree to which others agree that a specific behavior is wrong
3- probability of effect: the probability that any action will result in harm to victims
of the action
4- temporal immediacy: length of time between the action and the harmful
consequences
5- Proximity: the psychological or cultural nearness to the victim
6- concentration of effect: the number of people affected by the act
Results of the 6 criterias - ANSWER: Low levels of each criteria- less unethical choices
High levels of each 6 criterias - more unethical choices
Combined measure - reduced unethical choices
Moral judgement - ANSWER: is the process of reasoning about how to deal with an
ethical situation
Kohlberg's six stages of individual moral reasoning - ANSWER: 1- Authority/fear of
punishment stage: where the person decide what is R or W based on those who
have power
Edition By Joseph DesJardins
Business ethics - ANSWER: Ethics is the study of morality
morality: standards about what is right or wrong?
Business Ethics refer to the principles and standards to guide businesses.
Some examples - ANSWER: Internet & Cyberspace: how large is the risk, are they
reversible?
Genetic engineering
Globalisation and business ethics:
-Driven by MNCs
-it has broght nations together but increases inequality. Some developing countries
have inappropriate techniques.
Ethical Relativism (Glossary) - ANSWER: there are no ethical standards to what is
true. Thus, everything is relative depending on the culture.
it can be right if the actions in line with person's culture, but wrong respectively to
others cultures.
if this is true, then discrimination in some societies are not wrong.
Example of Ethical Rel. - ANSWER: abortion in catholic cultures is immoral, however
in Japan is neutral regarding to controlling their population.
Conflict of interest - ANSWER: dilemma between personal interests and morality
Risk for firms performing unethical behavior - ANSWER: moentary fines
layoffs
lawsuits
reparation of damages
investors confidence decrease
destabilization of economy
evaluation of business ethics - ANSWER: stockholder theory --> when stockholders
perform unethical behavior to satisfy themselves
which developes into the stakeholders theory --> firms have to act ethically in order
to involved everyone in the company.
hypernorms - ANSWER: certain norms that should apply to people in all societies.
(HR principles)
Microsocial norms - ANSWER: apply only in some societies and differ from one
another.
, Bribery - ANSWER: the practice of giving some compensation(bribe) to influence the
individual.
occupational fraud - ANSWER: when someone uses its ocupation for personal
enrichment.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) - ANSWER: is a corporation's initiatives to
assess and take responsibility for the company's effects on environmental and social
wellbeing. The term generally applies to efforts that go beyond what may be
required by regulators or environmental protection groups.
it helps positively the organization, as well as it innovate them, and makes them
more competitive
Code of ethics (Glossary) - ANSWER: is a written set of guidelines of an organization
(for its workers and managers), on how they should conduct, includes primary values
and ethical standards.
Strategic approach to business ethics - ANSWER: organization will integrate business
ethics issues across all of its operations and activities
morality - ANSWER: refers to some codes of conduct set up by a society
moral awareness (glossary) - ANSWER: refers to the ability of an individual to
understand the how ethical a situation or behavior could be
6 basic criterias (HIGH - LOW) - ANSWER: 1 - Magnitude of consequences: degree of
harm that the victims of an unethical choice will have to go through
2- Social consensus: degree to which others agree that a specific behavior is wrong
3- probability of effect: the probability that any action will result in harm to victims
of the action
4- temporal immediacy: length of time between the action and the harmful
consequences
5- Proximity: the psychological or cultural nearness to the victim
6- concentration of effect: the number of people affected by the act
Results of the 6 criterias - ANSWER: Low levels of each criteria- less unethical choices
High levels of each 6 criterias - more unethical choices
Combined measure - reduced unethical choices
Moral judgement - ANSWER: is the process of reasoning about how to deal with an
ethical situation
Kohlberg's six stages of individual moral reasoning - ANSWER: 1- Authority/fear of
punishment stage: where the person decide what is R or W based on those who
have power
