PN 111-CARDIAC AND GI EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
What is cholecystitis?
inflammation of the gallbladder
What is cholelithiasis?
stones (Gallstones) in the gallbladder
What is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Flow of gastric secretions (stomach acid) up into esophagus (regurgitation).
What are symptoms of liver disease?
Ascites, jaundice, cutaneous spider angiomas, dark urine, clay-colored stools,
and spleen enlargement.
When inspecting the abdomen what are the expected and abnormal findings?
Expected:
Surface characteristics should be smooth, with centrally located umbilicus—may be
inverted
Striae, scars, faint vascular network.
•***Faint change in skin color of the abdomen from the arms and legs is expected.
Contour usually sunken; slight protrusion if overweight or obese.
Abnormal:
Bulging in an area may indicate pancreatitis, hernia, or enlarged liver, or mass/tumor
Distention may be caused by fluid or air (ascites)
Pulsations or visible peristalsis
, What is the correct sequence for assessing the abdomen?
IAPP:
Inspection
Auscultation
Palpation
Percussion
How does the nurse auscultate for bowel sounds?
Auscultate abdomen for bowel sounds:
Use diaphragm of stethoscope lightly and listen in a systematic progression—starting
in the RLQ unless there is pain present.
•Expected finding is 5-30 bowel sounds per minute or one every 5-15 seconds in
all quadrants
•If no bowel sounds are heard you must listen for up to 5 minutes before notifying
the provider and documenting absent BS
What abnormal abdominal sounds would the nurse assess for?
Auscultate abdomen for arterial and venous vascular sounds:
Use bell of stethoscope to auscultate for arterial (vascular) sounds- over aorta,
renal, iliac, and femoral arteries for bruits--swishing or blowing sound.
Use bell over above umbilicus for venous hum (abdominal aneurism).
Where would the nurse place the stethoscope when assessing for an aortic
aneurism
Above the umbilicus (area #4)
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
What is cholecystitis?
inflammation of the gallbladder
What is cholelithiasis?
stones (Gallstones) in the gallbladder
What is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Flow of gastric secretions (stomach acid) up into esophagus (regurgitation).
What are symptoms of liver disease?
Ascites, jaundice, cutaneous spider angiomas, dark urine, clay-colored stools,
and spleen enlargement.
When inspecting the abdomen what are the expected and abnormal findings?
Expected:
Surface characteristics should be smooth, with centrally located umbilicus—may be
inverted
Striae, scars, faint vascular network.
•***Faint change in skin color of the abdomen from the arms and legs is expected.
Contour usually sunken; slight protrusion if overweight or obese.
Abnormal:
Bulging in an area may indicate pancreatitis, hernia, or enlarged liver, or mass/tumor
Distention may be caused by fluid or air (ascites)
Pulsations or visible peristalsis
, What is the correct sequence for assessing the abdomen?
IAPP:
Inspection
Auscultation
Palpation
Percussion
How does the nurse auscultate for bowel sounds?
Auscultate abdomen for bowel sounds:
Use diaphragm of stethoscope lightly and listen in a systematic progression—starting
in the RLQ unless there is pain present.
•Expected finding is 5-30 bowel sounds per minute or one every 5-15 seconds in
all quadrants
•If no bowel sounds are heard you must listen for up to 5 minutes before notifying
the provider and documenting absent BS
What abnormal abdominal sounds would the nurse assess for?
Auscultate abdomen for arterial and venous vascular sounds:
Use bell of stethoscope to auscultate for arterial (vascular) sounds- over aorta,
renal, iliac, and femoral arteries for bruits--swishing or blowing sound.
Use bell over above umbilicus for venous hum (abdominal aneurism).
Where would the nurse place the stethoscope when assessing for an aortic
aneurism
Above the umbilicus (area #4)
