Summary Eduhint 2TTO Chapter 4.1-4.5

Summary Geography 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4
Notes
4.1 Shaping the landscape
Goals:

- To describe what forces of nature formed NL
- Explain how we have influenced the shaping of the Dutch landscape.

Soil
The tip layer of NL soil = sediment

- Mainly deposited by the river and sea.

Main types of soil in NL

- Peat
- Clay
- Sand
- Loess

Push moraines

- Sediments pushed up by glaciers to form hills.
Only in sandy landscapes.
12,000 years ago
Melting ice sheetsSea level riseMarine clay
4.2 The sand landscape
Sand & Silt

- Deposited in NL by the wind.
o During the last glacial period (+- 20,000 years ago)
- Sand landscape consists out of sand and silt.
o Sand = 0.063 – 2 mm
o Silt = <0.063 mm

Different word ice age = glacial period.

Interglacial period is between 2 glaical periods.

, In the NL there was a polar desert climate.

- Very cold
- Very dry
- Very windy
- Sea-level very low


Sand landscape: Sand landscape = not fertile
Not suitable for crop growing Clay landscape = fertile
Is very suitable for building and cattle.


Solution for sand-landscape back in the days

- Potstatsytemto keep the ground moisture.
o They could survive, they could grow crops.

4.3 River clay landscape
Clay

- Made up of materials
- ‘Made’ through chemical weathering
- Very small (+- 0.002 mm)

You find clay at the end of the river