______ is often used for microsurgical instruments: It has a blue, anodized finish, is
inert, nonmagnetic, lighter, stronger & harder than stainless steel. - Answer-Titanium
/._______ refers to the proportion of clinically apparent causes that are severe or fatal: -
Answer-Virulence
/._______ refers to the proportion of the infected individual who develop clinically
apparent disease: - Answer-Pathogenicity
/.__________ is the absence of pathogenic microorganisms. - Answer-Asepsis
/.__________ is the absence of virtually all microorganisms. - Answer-Sterility
/.A _______ _______ is used to monitor the sterilizer's efficiency & effectiveness of
killing the non-pathogenic spores. - Answer-Biological Indicators
/.A _______ BI indicates the sterilization conditions were met: - Answer-Negative
/.A # _______ handle holds blades 10, 11, 12, & 15 - Answer-7
/.A # _______ handle holds blades 10, 11, 12, 15 - Answer-3
/.A # _______ handle holds blades 20, 21, 22, 23, 26 - Answer-4
/.A culture of safety is promoted by: - Answer-• The health care organization's
commitment to patient safety above all goals
• A commitment to safety at all levels of the organization
• A focus on systems, process improvement, and individual accountability
• Sufficient resources
• The ability of providers to discuss near miss events and errors without reprisal
/.A customized distribution of resources and opportunities across a population to ensure
no subset of groups is at a particular disadvantage over others in achieving their
maximum potential is an example of: - Answer-Health equity
/.A Medication Assessment Should Include: - Answer-• Prescription medications
• Herbal preparations:
o may accentuate the toxicity of anesthetics.
o interfere with drug metabolism or clearance.
,o might affect bleeding times.
• Recreational/street drugs
*It is also important to ask if the patient is using any recreational/street drugs. Close
observation must be maintained for symptoms of withdrawal, especially during and after
long procedures.
• Drugs, alcohol, and smoking can alter lab values or system assessment. A chemically
dependent patient who is recovering may have concerns about medication he or she is
given.
• Patient risk factors due to alcoholism include:
- Lowered immunity
- Prolonged bleeding times
- Increased stress response
- Cardiac complications
/.A patient's risk factors for hypothermia include: - Answer-• Extremes in the patient's
age (eg, pediatric, elderly)
• History of diabetes
• Low body weight
• Peripheral vascular disorders
• Thyroid disorders
- An example of a procedural risk for hypothermia is open-cavity surgery (eg,
laparotomy, open thoracotomy).
/.A Semi-restricted Zone is an area not open to the public and requires proper attire.
These areas are secured via: - Answer-- signage
- doors with electronic access/badge requirements to enter
/.A sterile field is contaminated when _______ items come in contact with it. - Answer-
unsterile
/.A sterile gown is considered sterile from the chest to the sterile field and _______
_______ above the elbow to the cuff. - Answer-2 inches
/.Abdominoperineal prep, positioning and equipment for Vaginal surgery include: -
Answer-- Prep kits
- Foley
~ straight cath to ensure empty bladder after vaginal prep
- Lithotomy with possible Trendelenburg
- Stirrups/holders
/.Abdominoperineal surgical site prep area(s) include: - Answer-- Abdomen
- Pubis
- Vagina
- Perineum
- Anus
- Thighs
,/.Actions to decrease and prevent medication errors when transferring onto the sterile
field include: - Answer-• Label all medications, medication containers, and other
solutions
• Write down & read back verbal orders
• Verify medications - RN circulator reads aloud the medication name, strength, dosage,
and expiration date when transferring medications to the back table
• Label medications—the scrubbed team member labels each medication container
immediately
• Avoid use of abbreviations that could cause medication errors
• Do Not use trailing zeroes when documenting medication doses
• Retrieve one medication at a time for one patient at a time
/.Actions to Take Before Transporting Instruments from the OR after use: - Answer-•
Discard sharps into a sharps container.
• Discard liquids per federal, state, and local regulations or transport them in a leak-
proof container.
• Separate sharp instruments from delicate and heavy instruments.
• When applicable, follow the manufacturer's instructions for use (IFU) for instrument
disassembly prior to transport to the decontamination area.
• Moisten instruments with an enzymatic pre-treatment product or cover with a water-
soaked towel.
/.Adson forceps - Answer-used to move and hold tissue in place during delicate surgical
procedures
/.Airborne Precautions - Considerations and PPE - Answer-• Follow standard
precautions + airborne precautions.
Single-Patient Room
• AIIR: Airborne infection isolation room
o Doors must remain closed.
o Traffic is limited.
• Wear a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-approved fit-tested N95
respirator or powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) o PAPRs are NOT recommended
for use in the operating or procedure room.
/.Allis Clamp - Answer--jaws have small interlocking teeth
-used to grasp tissue
-teeth are atraumatic and do not cause tissue damage
-used to grasp biopsy tissue, (breast tissue)
/.An eye prep antiseptic must be: - Answer-• Safe to use around the eye
• Labeled for ophthalmic use
~ Do not use alcohol based solutions
~ allergy to iodine a combo of baby shampoo and balanced salt solution can be used
, /.An inspection tool that is placed through the instrument's lumen and is used to inspect
the internal element of the instrument - Answer-Boreoscope
/.An instrument set and container must not weigh more than _______ _____. Higher
weight can increase drying times and increase risk of injury to healthcare workers when
moving containers: - Answer-25 lbs
/.An item's packaging is inspected to verify that the package is intact and conditions for
sterility have been met. Key indicators include: - Answer-• Package integrity
• Chemical indicators
• Single-use item sterility
• Expiration date
/.An OR fire can occur when all elements of the fire triangle are present: - Answer-- An
ignition source (electrosurgical pencil)
- Fuel (flammable preoperative skin antiseptic products, surgical drapes)
- An oxidizer (oxygen)
[perform a fire risk assessment before starting surgery]
/.An Unrestricted Zone in the perioperative environment are areas where street clothes
are permitted and is allowed in: - Answer-- Public hallways
- waiting areas
/.Anaphylactic symptoms include: - Answer-• Headaches
• Anxiety
• Stridor
• Abdominal pain
• Tachycardia
• Hypotension
• Itchiness
• Swelling
/.Anesthesia Reversal agents: Benzodiazepines: Midazolam - Answer-Flumazenil
/.Anesthesia Reversal agents: Muscle relaxants: - Answer-1. neostigmine
2. edrophonium.
Note: There is no reversal agent for succinylcholine
/.Anesthesia Reversal agents: Narcotics: Fentanyl: - Answer-Naloxone
/.Anesthesia Reversal agents: Sugammadex: - Answer-reversal agent for rocuronium,
vecuronium, and pancuronium
/.Army-Navy Retractor - Answer-Double-ended, smooth blade used to retract skin, fat,
and muscle.
inert, nonmagnetic, lighter, stronger & harder than stainless steel. - Answer-Titanium
/._______ refers to the proportion of clinically apparent causes that are severe or fatal: -
Answer-Virulence
/._______ refers to the proportion of the infected individual who develop clinically
apparent disease: - Answer-Pathogenicity
/.__________ is the absence of pathogenic microorganisms. - Answer-Asepsis
/.__________ is the absence of virtually all microorganisms. - Answer-Sterility
/.A _______ _______ is used to monitor the sterilizer's efficiency & effectiveness of
killing the non-pathogenic spores. - Answer-Biological Indicators
/.A _______ BI indicates the sterilization conditions were met: - Answer-Negative
/.A # _______ handle holds blades 10, 11, 12, & 15 - Answer-7
/.A # _______ handle holds blades 10, 11, 12, 15 - Answer-3
/.A # _______ handle holds blades 20, 21, 22, 23, 26 - Answer-4
/.A culture of safety is promoted by: - Answer-• The health care organization's
commitment to patient safety above all goals
• A commitment to safety at all levels of the organization
• A focus on systems, process improvement, and individual accountability
• Sufficient resources
• The ability of providers to discuss near miss events and errors without reprisal
/.A customized distribution of resources and opportunities across a population to ensure
no subset of groups is at a particular disadvantage over others in achieving their
maximum potential is an example of: - Answer-Health equity
/.A Medication Assessment Should Include: - Answer-• Prescription medications
• Herbal preparations:
o may accentuate the toxicity of anesthetics.
o interfere with drug metabolism or clearance.
,o might affect bleeding times.
• Recreational/street drugs
*It is also important to ask if the patient is using any recreational/street drugs. Close
observation must be maintained for symptoms of withdrawal, especially during and after
long procedures.
• Drugs, alcohol, and smoking can alter lab values or system assessment. A chemically
dependent patient who is recovering may have concerns about medication he or she is
given.
• Patient risk factors due to alcoholism include:
- Lowered immunity
- Prolonged bleeding times
- Increased stress response
- Cardiac complications
/.A patient's risk factors for hypothermia include: - Answer-• Extremes in the patient's
age (eg, pediatric, elderly)
• History of diabetes
• Low body weight
• Peripheral vascular disorders
• Thyroid disorders
- An example of a procedural risk for hypothermia is open-cavity surgery (eg,
laparotomy, open thoracotomy).
/.A Semi-restricted Zone is an area not open to the public and requires proper attire.
These areas are secured via: - Answer-- signage
- doors with electronic access/badge requirements to enter
/.A sterile field is contaminated when _______ items come in contact with it. - Answer-
unsterile
/.A sterile gown is considered sterile from the chest to the sterile field and _______
_______ above the elbow to the cuff. - Answer-2 inches
/.Abdominoperineal prep, positioning and equipment for Vaginal surgery include: -
Answer-- Prep kits
- Foley
~ straight cath to ensure empty bladder after vaginal prep
- Lithotomy with possible Trendelenburg
- Stirrups/holders
/.Abdominoperineal surgical site prep area(s) include: - Answer-- Abdomen
- Pubis
- Vagina
- Perineum
- Anus
- Thighs
,/.Actions to decrease and prevent medication errors when transferring onto the sterile
field include: - Answer-• Label all medications, medication containers, and other
solutions
• Write down & read back verbal orders
• Verify medications - RN circulator reads aloud the medication name, strength, dosage,
and expiration date when transferring medications to the back table
• Label medications—the scrubbed team member labels each medication container
immediately
• Avoid use of abbreviations that could cause medication errors
• Do Not use trailing zeroes when documenting medication doses
• Retrieve one medication at a time for one patient at a time
/.Actions to Take Before Transporting Instruments from the OR after use: - Answer-•
Discard sharps into a sharps container.
• Discard liquids per federal, state, and local regulations or transport them in a leak-
proof container.
• Separate sharp instruments from delicate and heavy instruments.
• When applicable, follow the manufacturer's instructions for use (IFU) for instrument
disassembly prior to transport to the decontamination area.
• Moisten instruments with an enzymatic pre-treatment product or cover with a water-
soaked towel.
/.Adson forceps - Answer-used to move and hold tissue in place during delicate surgical
procedures
/.Airborne Precautions - Considerations and PPE - Answer-• Follow standard
precautions + airborne precautions.
Single-Patient Room
• AIIR: Airborne infection isolation room
o Doors must remain closed.
o Traffic is limited.
• Wear a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-approved fit-tested N95
respirator or powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) o PAPRs are NOT recommended
for use in the operating or procedure room.
/.Allis Clamp - Answer--jaws have small interlocking teeth
-used to grasp tissue
-teeth are atraumatic and do not cause tissue damage
-used to grasp biopsy tissue, (breast tissue)
/.An eye prep antiseptic must be: - Answer-• Safe to use around the eye
• Labeled for ophthalmic use
~ Do not use alcohol based solutions
~ allergy to iodine a combo of baby shampoo and balanced salt solution can be used
, /.An inspection tool that is placed through the instrument's lumen and is used to inspect
the internal element of the instrument - Answer-Boreoscope
/.An instrument set and container must not weigh more than _______ _____. Higher
weight can increase drying times and increase risk of injury to healthcare workers when
moving containers: - Answer-25 lbs
/.An item's packaging is inspected to verify that the package is intact and conditions for
sterility have been met. Key indicators include: - Answer-• Package integrity
• Chemical indicators
• Single-use item sterility
• Expiration date
/.An OR fire can occur when all elements of the fire triangle are present: - Answer-- An
ignition source (electrosurgical pencil)
- Fuel (flammable preoperative skin antiseptic products, surgical drapes)
- An oxidizer (oxygen)
[perform a fire risk assessment before starting surgery]
/.An Unrestricted Zone in the perioperative environment are areas where street clothes
are permitted and is allowed in: - Answer-- Public hallways
- waiting areas
/.Anaphylactic symptoms include: - Answer-• Headaches
• Anxiety
• Stridor
• Abdominal pain
• Tachycardia
• Hypotension
• Itchiness
• Swelling
/.Anesthesia Reversal agents: Benzodiazepines: Midazolam - Answer-Flumazenil
/.Anesthesia Reversal agents: Muscle relaxants: - Answer-1. neostigmine
2. edrophonium.
Note: There is no reversal agent for succinylcholine
/.Anesthesia Reversal agents: Narcotics: Fentanyl: - Answer-Naloxone
/.Anesthesia Reversal agents: Sugammadex: - Answer-reversal agent for rocuronium,
vecuronium, and pancuronium
/.Army-Navy Retractor - Answer-Double-ended, smooth blade used to retract skin, fat,
and muscle.
