nur 3125 Patho exam 1 questions with complete solutions
-increased rate of cellular division Correct Answers what can
cause hyperplasia
¨Dead tissue is removed
¨Slough off leaving an ulcer
¨Encapsulated by fibrin and calcium Correct Answers fate of
necrotic tissue
¨Genetic makeup
¨Life experiences/interactions with the environment
¨Individuals' control mechanisms for body function
¨The measurement processes error or capabilities Correct
Answers causes of variations of normal values
¨Recognition
¤ Adherence
¤ Engulfment
¤ Phagosome formation
¤ Fusion with lysosomal granules
¤ Destruction of the target Correct Answers steps of
phagocytosis process
2 Correct Answers Which information is correct regarding
secondary immune deficiencies?
Secondary immune deficiencies may be the result of
1. increased dietary zinc intake.
2. caring for an older parent with Alzheimer disease.
3. aspirin therapy that is prescribed by the physician.
4. congenital or genetic defects in the neonate.
,4 Correct Answers Which statement indicates the nurse has an
accurate understanding concerning passive immunity?
1."is produced after exposure to an antigen."
2."is the result of an attenuated immunization."
3."can last for years."
4."can be transferred from a donor to a recipient."
abnormal (pathologic) neutrophils Correct Answers in bacterial
infections, non-infective tissue damage (MI, crush injury, burn
injury, pulmonary infarct)
abrasion Correct Answers Scrape of the skin due to something
abrasive
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Correct Answers
caused by viral disease (HIV)
-depletes the body's Th cells (CD4)
-chronic disease
active immunity Correct Answers •Antibodies or T cells are
produced after eithera natural exposure toan antigen or after
immunization.
•Is long lived
adaptive immunity Correct Answers -3rd line of defense
-slower than inflammation
adaptive immunity Correct Answers } Works together with
inflammation.
} Recognizes foreign or "nonself" substances.
,} Promotes processes against reinfection
} Provides long-term protection.
} Is slower than innate but more specific.
} Has memory.
adaptive immunity Correct Answers immunity or resistance to
a specific pathogen; slower to respond, has memory component
agglutination Correct Answers direct function of
immunoglobulins and immunogens that clump together
Agranulocytes Correct Answers monocytes, macrophages,
lymphocytes and natural killer cells
algor mortis Correct Answers The cooling of the body after
death
allergy Correct Answers Deleterious effects of hypersensitivity
to environmental (exogenous) antigens
Alloimmunity Correct Answers Immune reaction to tissues of
another individual
-all responses can be serious or life-threatening
Alloimmunity Correct Answers Immune system reacts with
antigens on the tissue of other genetically dissimilar members of
the same species
anaphlactic shock Correct Answers Vascular collapse - Shock (
BP decrease)- death - massive vasodilation-
, Anaphylaxis Correct Answers •Severity depends on the level
of sensitization.
•Develops in minutes after exposure.
•Itching Erythema
•Headaches
•Contraction of respiratory bronchioles (Dyspnea)
•Laryngeal edema
•Vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea
•Vascular collapse - Shock ( BP decrease)- death - massive
vasodilation-** treatment is adrenaline - epinephrineà
vasoconstriction
anaphylaxis actions Correct Answers allergic response
-direct release of histamine and pro-imflammatory mediators
anemia Correct Answers low rbc
•Common with cancer
•Mechanisms: Malignancy in bone marrow, chronic bleeding,
severe malnutrition, cytotoxic chemotherapy, poor iron
absorption
•Manifestations: Fatigue, pallor, dizziness, dyspnea on exertion
•Risk of ischemia and organ dysfunction
•Treatment: Iron and folate supplementation, packed red blood
cell transfusions, Epogen, dietary modifications
angiogenesis Correct Answers formation of new blood vessels
angiogenic factors Correct Answers ______ and inhibitors
normally control the development of new vessels
anoxia Correct Answers lack of oxygen
-increased rate of cellular division Correct Answers what can
cause hyperplasia
¨Dead tissue is removed
¨Slough off leaving an ulcer
¨Encapsulated by fibrin and calcium Correct Answers fate of
necrotic tissue
¨Genetic makeup
¨Life experiences/interactions with the environment
¨Individuals' control mechanisms for body function
¨The measurement processes error or capabilities Correct
Answers causes of variations of normal values
¨Recognition
¤ Adherence
¤ Engulfment
¤ Phagosome formation
¤ Fusion with lysosomal granules
¤ Destruction of the target Correct Answers steps of
phagocytosis process
2 Correct Answers Which information is correct regarding
secondary immune deficiencies?
Secondary immune deficiencies may be the result of
1. increased dietary zinc intake.
2. caring for an older parent with Alzheimer disease.
3. aspirin therapy that is prescribed by the physician.
4. congenital or genetic defects in the neonate.
,4 Correct Answers Which statement indicates the nurse has an
accurate understanding concerning passive immunity?
1."is produced after exposure to an antigen."
2."is the result of an attenuated immunization."
3."can last for years."
4."can be transferred from a donor to a recipient."
abnormal (pathologic) neutrophils Correct Answers in bacterial
infections, non-infective tissue damage (MI, crush injury, burn
injury, pulmonary infarct)
abrasion Correct Answers Scrape of the skin due to something
abrasive
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Correct Answers
caused by viral disease (HIV)
-depletes the body's Th cells (CD4)
-chronic disease
active immunity Correct Answers •Antibodies or T cells are
produced after eithera natural exposure toan antigen or after
immunization.
•Is long lived
adaptive immunity Correct Answers -3rd line of defense
-slower than inflammation
adaptive immunity Correct Answers } Works together with
inflammation.
} Recognizes foreign or "nonself" substances.
,} Promotes processes against reinfection
} Provides long-term protection.
} Is slower than innate but more specific.
} Has memory.
adaptive immunity Correct Answers immunity or resistance to
a specific pathogen; slower to respond, has memory component
agglutination Correct Answers direct function of
immunoglobulins and immunogens that clump together
Agranulocytes Correct Answers monocytes, macrophages,
lymphocytes and natural killer cells
algor mortis Correct Answers The cooling of the body after
death
allergy Correct Answers Deleterious effects of hypersensitivity
to environmental (exogenous) antigens
Alloimmunity Correct Answers Immune reaction to tissues of
another individual
-all responses can be serious or life-threatening
Alloimmunity Correct Answers Immune system reacts with
antigens on the tissue of other genetically dissimilar members of
the same species
anaphlactic shock Correct Answers Vascular collapse - Shock (
BP decrease)- death - massive vasodilation-
, Anaphylaxis Correct Answers •Severity depends on the level
of sensitization.
•Develops in minutes after exposure.
•Itching Erythema
•Headaches
•Contraction of respiratory bronchioles (Dyspnea)
•Laryngeal edema
•Vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea
•Vascular collapse - Shock ( BP decrease)- death - massive
vasodilation-** treatment is adrenaline - epinephrineà
vasoconstriction
anaphylaxis actions Correct Answers allergic response
-direct release of histamine and pro-imflammatory mediators
anemia Correct Answers low rbc
•Common with cancer
•Mechanisms: Malignancy in bone marrow, chronic bleeding,
severe malnutrition, cytotoxic chemotherapy, poor iron
absorption
•Manifestations: Fatigue, pallor, dizziness, dyspnea on exertion
•Risk of ischemia and organ dysfunction
•Treatment: Iron and folate supplementation, packed red blood
cell transfusions, Epogen, dietary modifications
angiogenesis Correct Answers formation of new blood vessels
angiogenic factors Correct Answers ______ and inhibitors
normally control the development of new vessels
anoxia Correct Answers lack of oxygen
