Molecular Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases Exams Questions
and Answers
What three factors make infectious disease epidemiology different than other epidemiologies
studied? - (ANSWER)1. two or more populations (non-inf. usually just deals with one
population)
2. a case is a risk factor (non-inf. - risk leads to a case)
3. the cause is often unknown (non-inf. - cause is identified)
What are the populations that may be included within an infectious disease epidemiology? -
(ANSWER)- humans
- infectious agents
- vectors
- animals
What are some of the reasons infectious disease epidemiology is used? - (ANSWER)- ID cause
of new illnesses that appear to be infectious
- surveillence of a known infectious disease
- ID the source of an outbreak
- study how diseases are transmitted
- study new treatment options for disease
What is an acute disease? - (ANSWER)disease in which symptoms develop rapidly and that
runs its course quickly
What is chronic disease? - (ANSWER)disease with usually mild symptoms that develops
slowly and lasts a long time
What is subacute disease? - (ANSWER)disease with time course and symptoms between acute
and chronic
What is asymptomatic disease? - (ANSWER)disease without symptoms
What is latent disease? - (ANSWER)disease that appears a long time after infection
What is communicable disease? - (ANSWER)disease that is transmitted from one host to
another
What is contagious disease? - (ANSWER)communicable disease that is easily spread
What is noncommunicable disease? - (ANSWER)disease arising from outside of hosts or from
opportunistic pathogen
, What is local infection? - (ANSWER)infection confined to a small region of the body
What is systemic infection? - (ANSWER)widespread infection in many systems of the body -
often travels in the blood or lymph
What is a focal infection? - (ANSWER)infection that serves as a source of pathogens for
infection at other sites in the body
What is a primary infection? - (ANSWER)initial infection within a given patient
What is a secondary infection? - (ANSWER)infections that follow a primary infection - often
by opportunistic pathogens
What is the definition of a transmissible disease? - (ANSWER)disease transmitted through
unnatural routes from an infected person
What are some examples of DIRECT routes of transmission? - (ANSWER)1. skin-skin
2. mucous-mucous
3. across the placenta
4. through breast milk
5. sneeze or cough
What are some examples of INDIRECT routes of transmission? - (ANSWER)1. food-borne
2. water-borne
3. vector-borne
4. air-borne
5. ting-borne
What are some pathogens/diseases that cross the placenta? - (ANSWER)Toxoplasma gondii -
toxoplasmosis
Treponema palidum - syphilis
Listeria monocytogenes - listeriosis
Cytomegalovirus - usually asymptomatic
Parvovirus - erythema infectiosum
Lentivirus (HIV) - AIDS
Rubivirus - German measles (rubella)
What are the two different types of vector transmission? - (ANSWER)1. mechanical - on the
BODIES of insects
and Answers
What three factors make infectious disease epidemiology different than other epidemiologies
studied? - (ANSWER)1. two or more populations (non-inf. usually just deals with one
population)
2. a case is a risk factor (non-inf. - risk leads to a case)
3. the cause is often unknown (non-inf. - cause is identified)
What are the populations that may be included within an infectious disease epidemiology? -
(ANSWER)- humans
- infectious agents
- vectors
- animals
What are some of the reasons infectious disease epidemiology is used? - (ANSWER)- ID cause
of new illnesses that appear to be infectious
- surveillence of a known infectious disease
- ID the source of an outbreak
- study how diseases are transmitted
- study new treatment options for disease
What is an acute disease? - (ANSWER)disease in which symptoms develop rapidly and that
runs its course quickly
What is chronic disease? - (ANSWER)disease with usually mild symptoms that develops
slowly and lasts a long time
What is subacute disease? - (ANSWER)disease with time course and symptoms between acute
and chronic
What is asymptomatic disease? - (ANSWER)disease without symptoms
What is latent disease? - (ANSWER)disease that appears a long time after infection
What is communicable disease? - (ANSWER)disease that is transmitted from one host to
another
What is contagious disease? - (ANSWER)communicable disease that is easily spread
What is noncommunicable disease? - (ANSWER)disease arising from outside of hosts or from
opportunistic pathogen
, What is local infection? - (ANSWER)infection confined to a small region of the body
What is systemic infection? - (ANSWER)widespread infection in many systems of the body -
often travels in the blood or lymph
What is a focal infection? - (ANSWER)infection that serves as a source of pathogens for
infection at other sites in the body
What is a primary infection? - (ANSWER)initial infection within a given patient
What is a secondary infection? - (ANSWER)infections that follow a primary infection - often
by opportunistic pathogens
What is the definition of a transmissible disease? - (ANSWER)disease transmitted through
unnatural routes from an infected person
What are some examples of DIRECT routes of transmission? - (ANSWER)1. skin-skin
2. mucous-mucous
3. across the placenta
4. through breast milk
5. sneeze or cough
What are some examples of INDIRECT routes of transmission? - (ANSWER)1. food-borne
2. water-borne
3. vector-borne
4. air-borne
5. ting-borne
What are some pathogens/diseases that cross the placenta? - (ANSWER)Toxoplasma gondii -
toxoplasmosis
Treponema palidum - syphilis
Listeria monocytogenes - listeriosis
Cytomegalovirus - usually asymptomatic
Parvovirus - erythema infectiosum
Lentivirus (HIV) - AIDS
Rubivirus - German measles (rubella)
What are the two different types of vector transmission? - (ANSWER)1. mechanical - on the
BODIES of insects
