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PHCY 502_ Class 8_Cardiovascular System
Part 2 - HTN, HF Study Guide.
Stroke Volume - answer✔the volume of blood ejected in one heart beat
Cardiac Output - answer✔stroke volume x heart rate
Hypertrophy - answer✔an increase in size of cells leading to an increase in size of an organ or
tissue
Ejection Fraction - answer✔how well the heart ejects blood that enters the ventricles (amount
pumped out/amount in chamber)
Circadian - answer✔a natural, biological cycle which repeats every 24 hours and regulates
several body systems
Echocardiogram - answer✔a noninvasive procedure which uses sound waves to produce an
image of the heart
Edema - answer✔swelling caused by excess fluid buildup in a certain part of the body's tissues
Cardiomyopathy - answer✔a condition in which the cardiac muscle is thick, rigid, or enlarged,
making it difficult for the heart to pump blood effectively
Murmur (heart) - answer✔an extra or abnormal sound heard during the heart beat indicating
turbulent blood flow
Dyspnea - answer✔short of breath
Chronotropy - answer✔rate of heart contraction
Inotropy - answer✔force of heart contraction
Autoregulation - answer✔a process whereby a change in the body is compensated for by
unconscious response(s) by tissues in the body (e.g., baroreceptor reflex)
Systemic vascular resistance - answer✔how much force circulating blood has on vessel walls
throughout the body
Retinopathy - answer✔damage to the blood vessels supplying the retina, leading to blindness
PHCY 502_ Class 8_Cardiovascular System
Part 2 - HTN, HF Study Guide.
Stroke Volume - answer✔the volume of blood ejected in one heart beat
Cardiac Output - answer✔stroke volume x heart rate
Hypertrophy - answer✔an increase in size of cells leading to an increase in size of an organ or
tissue
Ejection Fraction - answer✔how well the heart ejects blood that enters the ventricles (amount
pumped out/amount in chamber)
Circadian - answer✔a natural, biological cycle which repeats every 24 hours and regulates
several body systems
Echocardiogram - answer✔a noninvasive procedure which uses sound waves to produce an
image of the heart
Edema - answer✔swelling caused by excess fluid buildup in a certain part of the body's tissues
Cardiomyopathy - answer✔a condition in which the cardiac muscle is thick, rigid, or enlarged,
making it difficult for the heart to pump blood effectively
Murmur (heart) - answer✔an extra or abnormal sound heard during the heart beat indicating
turbulent blood flow
Dyspnea - answer✔short of breath
Chronotropy - answer✔rate of heart contraction
Inotropy - answer✔force of heart contraction
Autoregulation - answer✔a process whereby a change in the body is compensated for by
unconscious response(s) by tissues in the body (e.g., baroreceptor reflex)
Systemic vascular resistance - answer✔how much force circulating blood has on vessel walls
throughout the body
Retinopathy - answer✔damage to the blood vessels supplying the retina, leading to blindness
