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Pmcol 305 Opioids Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Medical uses for opioids - answer✔Safe and effective as Anti-nociceptive when used right
What with opioids is lethal - answer✔Sedatives
Nalaxone mechanism of action - answer✔Opioid receptor antagonist, prevent OD
Methadone mechanism of action - answer✔Partial agonist of mu opioid receptors, slows effects
Who are the first responders to opioid OD - answer✔Firefighters and EMS
3 Types of Opioids - answer✔natural, semi-synthetic, synthetic
Examples of natural opioids - answer✔Opium (alkaloid-laden latex mixture), Codeine and
morphine
examples of semi-synthetic opioids (7) - answer✔Hydrocodone, Oxycodone, Krokodil, Heroin,
Buprenophine, Etorphine
Examples of synthetic opioids (4) - answer✔methadone, meperidine, fentanyl, tramadol
What is composition of Opium - answer✔-Narcotic and non-narcotic alkaloids
-Major narcotic is morphine (10%) and codeine (0.5%)
How many times more potent is morphine compared to opium - answer✔10x
What enzyme converts codeine to morphine? Where? - answer✔CYP2D6, brain and liver
What percent of Caucasians have deficiency in CYP2D6? Effects? - answer✔10%, Codeine has
no effect
What percent of population has overactive CYP2D6? Effects? - answer✔2%, Morphine
intoxication
What does semi-synthetic mean - answer✔Made from modifying natural chemical
Why is heroin more lipophilic? by how much? - answer✔2 Additional acetyl groups, 10x
, ©THEBRIGHTSTARS 2024
When was naloxone synthesized - answer✔1960s
Who found opioid receptors in brain? - answer✔Candace Pert and Sol Snyder
4 Classes of opioid receptors - answer✔Mu, Delta, Kappa, ORL-1 (Orphan)
Where are opioid receptors found - answer✔Pre-synaptic-Modulate NT release
Post-synaptic- Alter membrane potential
How to see if receptor is present? - answer✔Radioligand
How many endogenous ligands for opioid receptors - answer✔18, peptide ligands
What are endogenous opioids roles? - answer✔Pain
Emotional Response
Euphoria
Eating
Memory
Stress
Seizure
Alcohol dependence
Where is the mu opioid receptor expressed - answer✔VTA
NAc
PAG (periaquductal gray)
Hypothalamus
LC
Brainstem
Pupils
GI tract
mu opioids are involved in - answer✔Reward
Analgesia
Respiration
BP
Pmcol 305 Opioids Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Medical uses for opioids - answer✔Safe and effective as Anti-nociceptive when used right
What with opioids is lethal - answer✔Sedatives
Nalaxone mechanism of action - answer✔Opioid receptor antagonist, prevent OD
Methadone mechanism of action - answer✔Partial agonist of mu opioid receptors, slows effects
Who are the first responders to opioid OD - answer✔Firefighters and EMS
3 Types of Opioids - answer✔natural, semi-synthetic, synthetic
Examples of natural opioids - answer✔Opium (alkaloid-laden latex mixture), Codeine and
morphine
examples of semi-synthetic opioids (7) - answer✔Hydrocodone, Oxycodone, Krokodil, Heroin,
Buprenophine, Etorphine
Examples of synthetic opioids (4) - answer✔methadone, meperidine, fentanyl, tramadol
What is composition of Opium - answer✔-Narcotic and non-narcotic alkaloids
-Major narcotic is morphine (10%) and codeine (0.5%)
How many times more potent is morphine compared to opium - answer✔10x
What enzyme converts codeine to morphine? Where? - answer✔CYP2D6, brain and liver
What percent of Caucasians have deficiency in CYP2D6? Effects? - answer✔10%, Codeine has
no effect
What percent of population has overactive CYP2D6? Effects? - answer✔2%, Morphine
intoxication
What does semi-synthetic mean - answer✔Made from modifying natural chemical
Why is heroin more lipophilic? by how much? - answer✔2 Additional acetyl groups, 10x
, ©THEBRIGHTSTARS 2024
When was naloxone synthesized - answer✔1960s
Who found opioid receptors in brain? - answer✔Candace Pert and Sol Snyder
4 Classes of opioid receptors - answer✔Mu, Delta, Kappa, ORL-1 (Orphan)
Where are opioid receptors found - answer✔Pre-synaptic-Modulate NT release
Post-synaptic- Alter membrane potential
How to see if receptor is present? - answer✔Radioligand
How many endogenous ligands for opioid receptors - answer✔18, peptide ligands
What are endogenous opioids roles? - answer✔Pain
Emotional Response
Euphoria
Eating
Memory
Stress
Seizure
Alcohol dependence
Where is the mu opioid receptor expressed - answer✔VTA
NAc
PAG (periaquductal gray)
Hypothalamus
LC
Brainstem
Pupils
GI tract
mu opioids are involved in - answer✔Reward
Analgesia
Respiration
BP
