CLINICAL CORRELATES UNIT 16 QUIZ
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS { GRADED
A+}
Presbycusis - ✔✔Age related hearing impairment that affects high
frequency hearing range first.
Bell's Palsy - ✔✔Rapid onset of unilateral CN VII dysfunction, which
can affect the stapedius muscle within the ear leading to hyperacusis.
Conductive Deafness - ✔✔Hearing loss due to impaired transmission in
the external/middle ear. Can be caused by cerumen impactions,
otosclerosis, otitis media with effusion, or damage to the tympanic
membrane.
,Sensorineural Hearing Loss - ✔✔Hearing loss that arises due to
loss/damage to hair cells. Can arise due to aging, certain antibiotics,
excessive noise exposure, or tumors (acoustic neuroma). Treatment
involves cochlear implants.
Central Hearing Loss - ✔✔Hearing loss caused by lesions along central
auditory nuclei/pathways. Unilateral damage along ascending auditory
pathways has relatively subtle effects on hearing.
Myopia (Nearsightedness) - ✔✔Alteration in ocular refraction, causing
light rays to be focused in front of the retina. Concave lenses are used to
correct.
Hyperopia (Farsightedness) - ✔✔Alteration in ocular refraction,
causing light rays to be focused behind the retina. Convex lenses are
used to correct.
Presbyopia - ✔✔Decrease in ocular accommodation due to age. Lens
loses its elasticity, increasing the difficulty of near-vision tasks. Convex
lenses are used to correct.
, Astigmatism - ✔✔Refractive error due to irregular curvature of the
cornea, causing light rays to bend unevenly preventing them from
coming into a single focus on the retina. This condition can be corrected
by glasses with cylindrical correction.
Cataract - ✔✔Cloudy or opaque area in the ocular lens, commonly
associated with aging. Leads to decreased visual acuity, blurred vision,
glare, and decreased color perception. Treatment involves removal of the
lens and replacement with an artificial lens.
Retinal Detachment - ✔✔Separation of the neural retina from the
pigment epithelium, commonly due to trauma. Separation increases
diffusion distance, depriving retinal cells of oxygen and nutrients. Needs
to be treated promptly to avoid permanent injury.
Night Blindness (Nyctalopia) - ✔✔Condition that presents with
difficulty adjusting to dim light/night time darkness, commonly due to
dietary Vitamin A deficiency, which is needed for rhodopsin. Chronic
deficiency may lead to permanent blindness.
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS { GRADED
A+}
Presbycusis - ✔✔Age related hearing impairment that affects high
frequency hearing range first.
Bell's Palsy - ✔✔Rapid onset of unilateral CN VII dysfunction, which
can affect the stapedius muscle within the ear leading to hyperacusis.
Conductive Deafness - ✔✔Hearing loss due to impaired transmission in
the external/middle ear. Can be caused by cerumen impactions,
otosclerosis, otitis media with effusion, or damage to the tympanic
membrane.
,Sensorineural Hearing Loss - ✔✔Hearing loss that arises due to
loss/damage to hair cells. Can arise due to aging, certain antibiotics,
excessive noise exposure, or tumors (acoustic neuroma). Treatment
involves cochlear implants.
Central Hearing Loss - ✔✔Hearing loss caused by lesions along central
auditory nuclei/pathways. Unilateral damage along ascending auditory
pathways has relatively subtle effects on hearing.
Myopia (Nearsightedness) - ✔✔Alteration in ocular refraction, causing
light rays to be focused in front of the retina. Concave lenses are used to
correct.
Hyperopia (Farsightedness) - ✔✔Alteration in ocular refraction,
causing light rays to be focused behind the retina. Convex lenses are
used to correct.
Presbyopia - ✔✔Decrease in ocular accommodation due to age. Lens
loses its elasticity, increasing the difficulty of near-vision tasks. Convex
lenses are used to correct.
, Astigmatism - ✔✔Refractive error due to irregular curvature of the
cornea, causing light rays to bend unevenly preventing them from
coming into a single focus on the retina. This condition can be corrected
by glasses with cylindrical correction.
Cataract - ✔✔Cloudy or opaque area in the ocular lens, commonly
associated with aging. Leads to decreased visual acuity, blurred vision,
glare, and decreased color perception. Treatment involves removal of the
lens and replacement with an artificial lens.
Retinal Detachment - ✔✔Separation of the neural retina from the
pigment epithelium, commonly due to trauma. Separation increases
diffusion distance, depriving retinal cells of oxygen and nutrients. Needs
to be treated promptly to avoid permanent injury.
Night Blindness (Nyctalopia) - ✔✔Condition that presents with
difficulty adjusting to dim light/night time darkness, commonly due to
dietary Vitamin A deficiency, which is needed for rhodopsin. Chronic
deficiency may lead to permanent blindness.
