NSC EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 180
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
· Function of carbs in body - ANSWER: Give energy and nutrients to the body
· Glycemic response - ANSWER: o What happens to your glycemic index when you
ingest something
· How does your body manage blood glucose? - ANSWER: o a carbohydrate that
breaks down into a monosaccharide is to convert to glucose in the liver
· Monosaccharides & disaccharides (names) - ANSWER: o Disaccharides: Sucrose
Maltose Lactose
o Monosaccharides: Fructose Glucose Galactose
· What are the polysaccharides - ANSWER: o Starch
o Glycogen
o fiber
· What differentiates starch from fiber - ANSWER: o Fiber is not absorbed and lacks
enzymes
· Soluble and insoluble fiber differentiate (foods and benefits) - ANSWER: o Insoluble:
Whole grains, Veggies, Outside of an apple
o Soluble: Oatmeal, Dissolves or swells in water, Citrus, bananas, apples, beans, nuts,
etc.
· Insulin and glucagon (effects of; when are they secreted) - ANSWER: o Insulin:
Hormones produced by the pancreas, Takes glucose out of the blood into the cell
· Type 1 vs type 2 diabetes - ANSWER: o Type 1
§ Not as common 5-10% have it in those who have diabetes
§ Pancreas can no longer produce insulin
§ Caused by autoimmune disease
o Type 2
§ Most common 90-95% in those who have diabetes
§ Insulin resistance
§ Caused by diet, lack of exercise, and genetics
· What is gluten - ANSWER: o A certain protein found in wheat
· What causes Celiac disease - ANSWER: o Ingestion of gluten
o Nutrient deficiencies
, · Normal fasting blood glucose levels - ANSWER: o Greater than or equal to 126
mg/dl
· Probiotic v prebiotic and examples - ANSWER: o Prebiotic
§ Does not have bacteria in it
§ Foods that have fibers
o Probiotics
§ Has bacteria in it
§ Dairy products
· Where are carbohydrates absorbed and in what form - ANSWER: o Absorbed in the
small intestine; the fructose and galactose are converted to glucose in the liver
· What causes lactose intolerance - ANSWER: deficiency of lactase
· HDL vs LDL - ANSWER: o HDL
§ high density lipoprotein
§ More protein
§ Removes cholesterol
o LDL
§ Low density lipoprotein
§ More cholesterol
· Saturated fat v. monounsaturated fats (MUFA) v. polyunsaturated fats (PUFA)
o Molecular structure difference, foods in which they are found - ANSWER: § MUFA
· Monosaturated
· One double bond structure
§ PUFA
· Polyunsaturated
· More than one double bond
· EPA & DHA benefits; foods in which they are found - ANSWER: o In fish and other
seafood
o Reduce heart risks and improves muscle activity and cell growth
· Triglyceride structure: where are they stored in the body - ANSWER: o A compound
that is stored in the blood
· Types of foods that contain Cholesterol - ANSWER: o Eggs cheese shellfish
· Types of foods that contain saturated fats - ANSWER: o Cheese burger, pizza,
cheese, sausage
· Benefits of replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats - ANSWER: o More fat
burning
o more buoyant low-density lipoprotein
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
· Function of carbs in body - ANSWER: Give energy and nutrients to the body
· Glycemic response - ANSWER: o What happens to your glycemic index when you
ingest something
· How does your body manage blood glucose? - ANSWER: o a carbohydrate that
breaks down into a monosaccharide is to convert to glucose in the liver
· Monosaccharides & disaccharides (names) - ANSWER: o Disaccharides: Sucrose
Maltose Lactose
o Monosaccharides: Fructose Glucose Galactose
· What are the polysaccharides - ANSWER: o Starch
o Glycogen
o fiber
· What differentiates starch from fiber - ANSWER: o Fiber is not absorbed and lacks
enzymes
· Soluble and insoluble fiber differentiate (foods and benefits) - ANSWER: o Insoluble:
Whole grains, Veggies, Outside of an apple
o Soluble: Oatmeal, Dissolves or swells in water, Citrus, bananas, apples, beans, nuts,
etc.
· Insulin and glucagon (effects of; when are they secreted) - ANSWER: o Insulin:
Hormones produced by the pancreas, Takes glucose out of the blood into the cell
· Type 1 vs type 2 diabetes - ANSWER: o Type 1
§ Not as common 5-10% have it in those who have diabetes
§ Pancreas can no longer produce insulin
§ Caused by autoimmune disease
o Type 2
§ Most common 90-95% in those who have diabetes
§ Insulin resistance
§ Caused by diet, lack of exercise, and genetics
· What is gluten - ANSWER: o A certain protein found in wheat
· What causes Celiac disease - ANSWER: o Ingestion of gluten
o Nutrient deficiencies
, · Normal fasting blood glucose levels - ANSWER: o Greater than or equal to 126
mg/dl
· Probiotic v prebiotic and examples - ANSWER: o Prebiotic
§ Does not have bacteria in it
§ Foods that have fibers
o Probiotics
§ Has bacteria in it
§ Dairy products
· Where are carbohydrates absorbed and in what form - ANSWER: o Absorbed in the
small intestine; the fructose and galactose are converted to glucose in the liver
· What causes lactose intolerance - ANSWER: deficiency of lactase
· HDL vs LDL - ANSWER: o HDL
§ high density lipoprotein
§ More protein
§ Removes cholesterol
o LDL
§ Low density lipoprotein
§ More cholesterol
· Saturated fat v. monounsaturated fats (MUFA) v. polyunsaturated fats (PUFA)
o Molecular structure difference, foods in which they are found - ANSWER: § MUFA
· Monosaturated
· One double bond structure
§ PUFA
· Polyunsaturated
· More than one double bond
· EPA & DHA benefits; foods in which they are found - ANSWER: o In fish and other
seafood
o Reduce heart risks and improves muscle activity and cell growth
· Triglyceride structure: where are they stored in the body - ANSWER: o A compound
that is stored in the blood
· Types of foods that contain Cholesterol - ANSWER: o Eggs cheese shellfish
· Types of foods that contain saturated fats - ANSWER: o Cheese burger, pizza,
cheese, sausage
· Benefits of replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats - ANSWER: o More fat
burning
o more buoyant low-density lipoprotein
