Wound care
Introduction
Skin is considered as the Largest organ in the body and serves a variety of important functions in
maintaining health and protecting the individual from injury.
LAYERS OF SKIN
● The Epidermis (Epithelial tissue)
● The Dermis (Dense connective tissue proper irregular)
● Hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue - loose connective tissue proper and adipose tissue)
TYPE OF WOUNDS
1. Intentional or unintentional
● Intentional trauma which occurs during therapy e.g operations or vein puncture.
● Unintentional are wound that are accidental for example a person may fracture an arm in an
automobile collision
2. Close or open
● Close: tissue are traumatized without a break in the Skin
● Open: Skin or mucous membrane surface is broken
3. According to the degree of wound contamination
● Clean wounds: uninfected wounds in which in which minimal inflammation is encountered
● Contaminated wounds; Open, fresh, accidental wounds and surgical wounds involving a
major break in sterile technique.It shows evidence of inflammation.
4. According to depth
● Partial thickness: confined to the Skin in the dermis and epidermis
● Full thickness: involving the dermis, epidermis and subcutaneous tissue and possibly muscle
and bone
5. According to the causes
● Incision: It's caused by sharp instruments (e.g knife or scalpel). It is an open wound, painful,
deep or shallow.
● Contusion: It's caused by a blow from a blunt instrument. It is a closed wound, skin appears
ecchymosed(bruised) because of damaged blood vessels.
● Abrasion: It is caused by surface scrape either unintentional (scraped knee from a fall) or
intentional(dermabrasion to remove pockmarks).
● Puncture: It's caused by penetration of the skin and often the underlying tissue by a sharp
instrument either intentional or unintentional. It is an open wound.
● Laceration: It's caused by accidents that cause tissue to be torn apart (eg with machinery). It is
open wound: edges are often Jogged and irregular.
WOUNDS HEALING PROCESS
Healing: is referred to regeneration (renewal) of tissues.
TYPES OF WOUND HEALING
Wounds can heal by first (Primary) intention, second (secondary) intention and third( tertiary
intention).
● Primary intention: wound healing occurs in a clean wound,such as a surgical wound for which
edges are approximated.
● Secondary intention: Large irregular or infected wounds are left open to allow healing to
occur from the inside out. Pressure ulcers or chrome wounds are often treated this way.
● Tertiary intention: infected or contaminated wounds are left open for a brief time period until
the wound is clean.
PHASES OF WOUND HEALING
Introduction
Skin is considered as the Largest organ in the body and serves a variety of important functions in
maintaining health and protecting the individual from injury.
LAYERS OF SKIN
● The Epidermis (Epithelial tissue)
● The Dermis (Dense connective tissue proper irregular)
● Hypodermis (subcutaneous tissue - loose connective tissue proper and adipose tissue)
TYPE OF WOUNDS
1. Intentional or unintentional
● Intentional trauma which occurs during therapy e.g operations or vein puncture.
● Unintentional are wound that are accidental for example a person may fracture an arm in an
automobile collision
2. Close or open
● Close: tissue are traumatized without a break in the Skin
● Open: Skin or mucous membrane surface is broken
3. According to the degree of wound contamination
● Clean wounds: uninfected wounds in which in which minimal inflammation is encountered
● Contaminated wounds; Open, fresh, accidental wounds and surgical wounds involving a
major break in sterile technique.It shows evidence of inflammation.
4. According to depth
● Partial thickness: confined to the Skin in the dermis and epidermis
● Full thickness: involving the dermis, epidermis and subcutaneous tissue and possibly muscle
and bone
5. According to the causes
● Incision: It's caused by sharp instruments (e.g knife or scalpel). It is an open wound, painful,
deep or shallow.
● Contusion: It's caused by a blow from a blunt instrument. It is a closed wound, skin appears
ecchymosed(bruised) because of damaged blood vessels.
● Abrasion: It is caused by surface scrape either unintentional (scraped knee from a fall) or
intentional(dermabrasion to remove pockmarks).
● Puncture: It's caused by penetration of the skin and often the underlying tissue by a sharp
instrument either intentional or unintentional. It is an open wound.
● Laceration: It's caused by accidents that cause tissue to be torn apart (eg with machinery). It is
open wound: edges are often Jogged and irregular.
WOUNDS HEALING PROCESS
Healing: is referred to regeneration (renewal) of tissues.
TYPES OF WOUND HEALING
Wounds can heal by first (Primary) intention, second (secondary) intention and third( tertiary
intention).
● Primary intention: wound healing occurs in a clean wound,such as a surgical wound for which
edges are approximated.
● Secondary intention: Large irregular or infected wounds are left open to allow healing to
occur from the inside out. Pressure ulcers or chrome wounds are often treated this way.
● Tertiary intention: infected or contaminated wounds are left open for a brief time period until
the wound is clean.
PHASES OF WOUND HEALING
