ORTHOTICS AND PROSTHETICS FINAL EXAM (Q&A) ALREADY PASSED.
Which K level describes no ability or potential to ambulate or transfer safely. Individual
not elligible for prosthetic - <<ANSWER>>K0
Which K level describes the ability or potential to transfer, ambulate on even surfaces? -
<<ANSWER>>K1
Which K level describes the ability or potential to traverse low level environment, but a
limited community ambulator? - <<ANSWER>>K2
Which K level describes the ability to ambulate with variable cadence, independent
household and community ambulator? - <<ANSWER>>K3
Which K level describes the ability to exceed basic ambulation skills? High impact,
running children, active adults, athletes. - <<ANSWER>>K4
what is an endoskeletal prosthesis? - <<ANSWER>>Modular, meaning the ankle or leg
part can be changed and adjusted
What type of AFO will affect varus/valgus and help control the foot in swing and stance
phase? - <<ANSWER>>Articulating AFO
What type of AFO controls the ankle and knee and is used for knee buckling and quad
weakness? - <<ANSWER>>Ground reaction AFO
What flange controls excessive pronation versus excessive supination? -
<<ANSWER>>Medial flange for excessive pronation, lateral flange for excessive
supination
What type of knee joint allows knee flexion with less bunching of the skin behind the
knee? - <<ANSWER>>Polycentric knee joint
what type of knee joint is a single axis mechanical joint that is displaced posteriorly in
order to keep the GRF vector anterior to the mechanical axis thus producing an
extension moment? - <<ANSWER>>Posterior offset knee joint
What type of knee joint drops when standing in full knee extension and requires
manually lifting up for sitting? - <<ANSWER>>Drop lock knee joint
, What type of knee joint remains locked until the spring loaded release bar is
mechanically lifted and automatically locks when the user extends their limb? -
<<ANSWER>>bail lock knee joint
What type of KAFO engages a knee control mechanism during stance phase only and
disengages it during swing phase? - <<ANSWER>>Stance control KAFO
What type of knee orthosis is designed to be worn during functional activities to manage
an unstable knee? - <<ANSWER>>Functional KO
What type of knee orthotic is used for knee osteoarthritis? - <<ANSWER>>unloading
KO.
What causes toe walking? - <<ANSWER>>short LE, pes equinus, extensor spasticity,
heel pain
What causes excessive knee flexion? - <<ANSWER>>weak quadriceps, short
contralateral LE, knee or hip flexion contracture, flexor synergy, pes calcaneus.
What causes anterior trunk bending? - <<ANSWER>>weak quads, knee flexion
contracture, hip flexion contracture
What does normal walking require? - <<ANSWER>>- stability to provide body weight
support against gravity during stance
- balance during single leg stance
- swing leg advances to take over supporting roll
- significant power for limb movements and trunk advancement
What does stance phase consist of? - <<ANSWER>>initial contact, loading response,
midstance, terminal stance, preswing
what describes forces that produce joint motion at some distance from the joint center
or axis of rotation? - <<ANSWER>>Moments
In a trendelenburg gait, the trunk leans towards which side and the pelvis drops to what
side during stance? - <<ANSWER>>the trunk leans towards the same side of the hip
pathology, and the pelvis drops on the opposite side during stance
What is the mechanical axis of the hip joint? - <<ANSWER>>1" superior and 1/2"
anterior to apex of greater trochanter.
What is the mechanical axis of the knee joint? - <<ANSWER>>3/4 proximal to tibial
plateau and 1/2 the AP diameter of the knee not including the patella.
What is the mechanical axis of the ankle joint? - <<ANSWER>>distal tip of medial
malleolus.
Which K level describes no ability or potential to ambulate or transfer safely. Individual
not elligible for prosthetic - <<ANSWER>>K0
Which K level describes the ability or potential to transfer, ambulate on even surfaces? -
<<ANSWER>>K1
Which K level describes the ability or potential to traverse low level environment, but a
limited community ambulator? - <<ANSWER>>K2
Which K level describes the ability to ambulate with variable cadence, independent
household and community ambulator? - <<ANSWER>>K3
Which K level describes the ability to exceed basic ambulation skills? High impact,
running children, active adults, athletes. - <<ANSWER>>K4
what is an endoskeletal prosthesis? - <<ANSWER>>Modular, meaning the ankle or leg
part can be changed and adjusted
What type of AFO will affect varus/valgus and help control the foot in swing and stance
phase? - <<ANSWER>>Articulating AFO
What type of AFO controls the ankle and knee and is used for knee buckling and quad
weakness? - <<ANSWER>>Ground reaction AFO
What flange controls excessive pronation versus excessive supination? -
<<ANSWER>>Medial flange for excessive pronation, lateral flange for excessive
supination
What type of knee joint allows knee flexion with less bunching of the skin behind the
knee? - <<ANSWER>>Polycentric knee joint
what type of knee joint is a single axis mechanical joint that is displaced posteriorly in
order to keep the GRF vector anterior to the mechanical axis thus producing an
extension moment? - <<ANSWER>>Posterior offset knee joint
What type of knee joint drops when standing in full knee extension and requires
manually lifting up for sitting? - <<ANSWER>>Drop lock knee joint
, What type of knee joint remains locked until the spring loaded release bar is
mechanically lifted and automatically locks when the user extends their limb? -
<<ANSWER>>bail lock knee joint
What type of KAFO engages a knee control mechanism during stance phase only and
disengages it during swing phase? - <<ANSWER>>Stance control KAFO
What type of knee orthosis is designed to be worn during functional activities to manage
an unstable knee? - <<ANSWER>>Functional KO
What type of knee orthotic is used for knee osteoarthritis? - <<ANSWER>>unloading
KO.
What causes toe walking? - <<ANSWER>>short LE, pes equinus, extensor spasticity,
heel pain
What causes excessive knee flexion? - <<ANSWER>>weak quadriceps, short
contralateral LE, knee or hip flexion contracture, flexor synergy, pes calcaneus.
What causes anterior trunk bending? - <<ANSWER>>weak quads, knee flexion
contracture, hip flexion contracture
What does normal walking require? - <<ANSWER>>- stability to provide body weight
support against gravity during stance
- balance during single leg stance
- swing leg advances to take over supporting roll
- significant power for limb movements and trunk advancement
What does stance phase consist of? - <<ANSWER>>initial contact, loading response,
midstance, terminal stance, preswing
what describes forces that produce joint motion at some distance from the joint center
or axis of rotation? - <<ANSWER>>Moments
In a trendelenburg gait, the trunk leans towards which side and the pelvis drops to what
side during stance? - <<ANSWER>>the trunk leans towards the same side of the hip
pathology, and the pelvis drops on the opposite side during stance
What is the mechanical axis of the hip joint? - <<ANSWER>>1" superior and 1/2"
anterior to apex of greater trochanter.
What is the mechanical axis of the knee joint? - <<ANSWER>>3/4 proximal to tibial
plateau and 1/2 the AP diameter of the knee not including the patella.
What is the mechanical axis of the ankle joint? - <<ANSWER>>distal tip of medial
malleolus.
