Neurophysiology Exam 1 With Complete
Questions And Answers 2024
The .study .of .the .nervous .system .and .its .role .in .curiosity, .pain, .pleasure, .movement,
.reasoning, .learning, .memory, .emotion, .and .madness. .- .correct .answer.Neuroscience
Prehistoric .ancestors .knew .that .the .brain .was .vital .to .life. .________________, .or .drilling
.into .the .skull, .is .evidence .of .this .curiosity .(as .well .as .skulls .that .show .regions .of .healing).
.- .correct .answer.Trepidation
Neuroscience .in .Ancient .Greece .(4th .century)...
-Investigations .into .brain .structure .and .function
-Hippocrates .hypothesizes .brain .is .involved .in .______________ .and
._________________. .- .correct .answer.Sensation, .intelligence
Neuroscience .150-200 .A.D.: .________ .developed .theory .that .different .regions .of .the
.brain .have .different .functions .through .dissection. .- .correct .answer.Galen
Neuroscience .during .17th .and .18th .century: .Identified .________ .vs. ._______ .matter. .-
.correct .answer.Gray, .white
Whitish .nervous .tissue .of .the .CNS .consisting .of .myelinated .axons. .- .correct
.answer.White .matter
A .portion .of .the .CNS .consisting .of .cell .bodies, .their .dendrites .and .synaptic .connections. .-
.correct .answer.Gray .matter
By .the .end .of .the .18th .century...
- .Gross .anatomy .of .the .brain .detailed .
- .Gyri, .sulci, .and .fissures
- .___________ .subdivision: .brain .and .spinal .cord
- .________________ .division: .network .of .nerves .coursing .through .the .body .- .correct
.answer.Central, .peripheral
Ridges .of .the .brain .- .correct .answer.Gyri
Shallow .grooves .that .separate .gyri .- .correct .answer.Sulci
,Deep .grooves .in .the .brain .- .correct .answer.Fissures
There .are .equal .numbers .of .glial .cells .and .neurons .in .the .brain, .about .____
._____________ .of .each. .- .correct .answer.85 .billion
Neurons... .- .correct .answer.Process .information
Sense .environmental .changes .
Communicate .changes .to .other .neurons
Command .body .response
Insulate, .support, .and .nourish .neighboring .neurons .- .correct .answer.Glia
The .brain .is .hard .to .study .microscopically .because .it .is .soft .like .jello .and .uniform .in .color.
.In .order .to .study .the .brain, .it .needs .to .be .fixed .with ._______________. .A
.______________ .is .used .to .make .very .thin .slices. .- .correct .answer.Formaldehyde,
.microtome
A .histological .stain .that .has .an .affinity .for .the .nucleus .and .RER .of .neurons. .- .correct
.answer.Nissl .stain
Pros .and .Cons .of .the .Nissl .stain:
- .Pros: .good .to .distinguish .between .neurons .and .glia; .can .be .used .to .study
.___________________ .(arrangement .of .neurons)
- .Cons: .not .a .representation .of .the .full ._________ .- .correct .answer.Cytoarchitecture,
.neuron
A .silver .chromate .stain .that .completely .darkens .a .few .of .the .neurons .in .each .slice .of
.tissue; .revealed .2 .different .parts .of .the .neuron .(soma .and .neurites) .- .correct
.answer.Golgi .stain
Believed .that .the .nervous .system .was .a .reticulum, .or .an .interconnection .of .nerve .cells
.(this .was .proven .incorrect). .- .correct .answer.Camille .Golgi
Thin .tubes .that .radiate .away .from .the .soma; .Two .types: .axons, .dendrites .- .correct
.answer.Neurites
Histologist .that .used .Golgi's .method .to .work .out .the .circuity .of .the .brain, .argued .against
.Golgi's .reticulum .theory
Believed .that .neurons .were .all .separate .and .communicated .via .contact .- .correct
.answer.Santiago .Ramon .y .Cajal
Neurons .communicate .by .contact, .not .continuity; .Interconnected .by .synapses .- .correct
.answer.Neural .circuity
, Neurons .adhere .to .the .cell .theory .(individual .cell .is .the .elementary .functional .unit)
*not .a .reticulum .- .correct .answer.Neuron .doctrine
What .method .was .used .to .confirm .the .neuron .doctrine? .- .correct .answer.Electron
.microscope
Central .region .of .the .neuron .that .houses .the .nucleus. .- .correct .answer.Soma .(cell .body,
.perikaryon)
A .threadlike .extension .of .a .neuron .that .carries .nerve .impulses .away .from .the .cell .body. .-
.correct .answer.Axon
A .neuron's .bushy, .branching .extensions .that .receive .messages .and .conduct .impulses
.toward .the .cell .body; ."Antennae" .of .the .neuron .- .correct .answer.Dendrites
Watery .fluid .inside .the .cell; .Salty, .potassium .rich .solution .- .correct .answer.Cytosol
Membrane-enclosed .structures .within .the .soma .- .correct .answer.Organelles
Contents .within .a .cell .membrane .(e.g., .organelles, .excluding .the .nucleus) .- .correct
.answer.Cytoplasm
What .happens .in .the .nucleus? .- .correct .answer.Gene .expression
Transcription
RNA .processing
The .process .that .differentiates .neurons .from .other .cell .types .is .through .__________
.________________ .of .neuron .specific .genes. .- .correct .answer.gene .expression
If .a .protein .in .the .neuron .is .to .remain .in .the .cytoplasm, .the .mRNA .will .be .directed .to
._______ ._____________ .for .synthesis. .If .a .protein .is .to .be .inserted .into .a .membrane,
.mRNA .is .directed .to .the .______. .- .correct .answer.Free .ribosomes, .RER
Organelles .used .for .protein .folding .with .no .ribosomes, .and .can .regulate .Ca+2
.concentration. .- .correct .answer.SER
Organelle .used .for .post .translational .chemical .processing, .as .well .as .sorting .of .proteins
.and .delivery. .- .correct .answer.Golgi .apparatus
mRNA .----> .RER .----> .____ .Golgi .----> .leaves .in .trans .Golgi .in .___________ .- .correct
.answer.Cis, .vesicles
Site .of .cellular .respiration .and .production .of .ATP. .- .correct .answer.Mitochondria
Questions And Answers 2024
The .study .of .the .nervous .system .and .its .role .in .curiosity, .pain, .pleasure, .movement,
.reasoning, .learning, .memory, .emotion, .and .madness. .- .correct .answer.Neuroscience
Prehistoric .ancestors .knew .that .the .brain .was .vital .to .life. .________________, .or .drilling
.into .the .skull, .is .evidence .of .this .curiosity .(as .well .as .skulls .that .show .regions .of .healing).
.- .correct .answer.Trepidation
Neuroscience .in .Ancient .Greece .(4th .century)...
-Investigations .into .brain .structure .and .function
-Hippocrates .hypothesizes .brain .is .involved .in .______________ .and
._________________. .- .correct .answer.Sensation, .intelligence
Neuroscience .150-200 .A.D.: .________ .developed .theory .that .different .regions .of .the
.brain .have .different .functions .through .dissection. .- .correct .answer.Galen
Neuroscience .during .17th .and .18th .century: .Identified .________ .vs. ._______ .matter. .-
.correct .answer.Gray, .white
Whitish .nervous .tissue .of .the .CNS .consisting .of .myelinated .axons. .- .correct
.answer.White .matter
A .portion .of .the .CNS .consisting .of .cell .bodies, .their .dendrites .and .synaptic .connections. .-
.correct .answer.Gray .matter
By .the .end .of .the .18th .century...
- .Gross .anatomy .of .the .brain .detailed .
- .Gyri, .sulci, .and .fissures
- .___________ .subdivision: .brain .and .spinal .cord
- .________________ .division: .network .of .nerves .coursing .through .the .body .- .correct
.answer.Central, .peripheral
Ridges .of .the .brain .- .correct .answer.Gyri
Shallow .grooves .that .separate .gyri .- .correct .answer.Sulci
,Deep .grooves .in .the .brain .- .correct .answer.Fissures
There .are .equal .numbers .of .glial .cells .and .neurons .in .the .brain, .about .____
._____________ .of .each. .- .correct .answer.85 .billion
Neurons... .- .correct .answer.Process .information
Sense .environmental .changes .
Communicate .changes .to .other .neurons
Command .body .response
Insulate, .support, .and .nourish .neighboring .neurons .- .correct .answer.Glia
The .brain .is .hard .to .study .microscopically .because .it .is .soft .like .jello .and .uniform .in .color.
.In .order .to .study .the .brain, .it .needs .to .be .fixed .with ._______________. .A
.______________ .is .used .to .make .very .thin .slices. .- .correct .answer.Formaldehyde,
.microtome
A .histological .stain .that .has .an .affinity .for .the .nucleus .and .RER .of .neurons. .- .correct
.answer.Nissl .stain
Pros .and .Cons .of .the .Nissl .stain:
- .Pros: .good .to .distinguish .between .neurons .and .glia; .can .be .used .to .study
.___________________ .(arrangement .of .neurons)
- .Cons: .not .a .representation .of .the .full ._________ .- .correct .answer.Cytoarchitecture,
.neuron
A .silver .chromate .stain .that .completely .darkens .a .few .of .the .neurons .in .each .slice .of
.tissue; .revealed .2 .different .parts .of .the .neuron .(soma .and .neurites) .- .correct
.answer.Golgi .stain
Believed .that .the .nervous .system .was .a .reticulum, .or .an .interconnection .of .nerve .cells
.(this .was .proven .incorrect). .- .correct .answer.Camille .Golgi
Thin .tubes .that .radiate .away .from .the .soma; .Two .types: .axons, .dendrites .- .correct
.answer.Neurites
Histologist .that .used .Golgi's .method .to .work .out .the .circuity .of .the .brain, .argued .against
.Golgi's .reticulum .theory
Believed .that .neurons .were .all .separate .and .communicated .via .contact .- .correct
.answer.Santiago .Ramon .y .Cajal
Neurons .communicate .by .contact, .not .continuity; .Interconnected .by .synapses .- .correct
.answer.Neural .circuity
, Neurons .adhere .to .the .cell .theory .(individual .cell .is .the .elementary .functional .unit)
*not .a .reticulum .- .correct .answer.Neuron .doctrine
What .method .was .used .to .confirm .the .neuron .doctrine? .- .correct .answer.Electron
.microscope
Central .region .of .the .neuron .that .houses .the .nucleus. .- .correct .answer.Soma .(cell .body,
.perikaryon)
A .threadlike .extension .of .a .neuron .that .carries .nerve .impulses .away .from .the .cell .body. .-
.correct .answer.Axon
A .neuron's .bushy, .branching .extensions .that .receive .messages .and .conduct .impulses
.toward .the .cell .body; ."Antennae" .of .the .neuron .- .correct .answer.Dendrites
Watery .fluid .inside .the .cell; .Salty, .potassium .rich .solution .- .correct .answer.Cytosol
Membrane-enclosed .structures .within .the .soma .- .correct .answer.Organelles
Contents .within .a .cell .membrane .(e.g., .organelles, .excluding .the .nucleus) .- .correct
.answer.Cytoplasm
What .happens .in .the .nucleus? .- .correct .answer.Gene .expression
Transcription
RNA .processing
The .process .that .differentiates .neurons .from .other .cell .types .is .through .__________
.________________ .of .neuron .specific .genes. .- .correct .answer.gene .expression
If .a .protein .in .the .neuron .is .to .remain .in .the .cytoplasm, .the .mRNA .will .be .directed .to
._______ ._____________ .for .synthesis. .If .a .protein .is .to .be .inserted .into .a .membrane,
.mRNA .is .directed .to .the .______. .- .correct .answer.Free .ribosomes, .RER
Organelles .used .for .protein .folding .with .no .ribosomes, .and .can .regulate .Ca+2
.concentration. .- .correct .answer.SER
Organelle .used .for .post .translational .chemical .processing, .as .well .as .sorting .of .proteins
.and .delivery. .- .correct .answer.Golgi .apparatus
mRNA .----> .RER .----> .____ .Golgi .----> .leaves .in .trans .Golgi .in .___________ .- .correct
.answer.Cis, .vesicles
Site .of .cellular .respiration .and .production .of .ATP. .- .correct .answer.Mitochondria
