Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. The nurse is preparing to teach a class about genetics at a workshop for nurses. The nurse
will remind the attending nurses that genes are responsible for determining our physical
attributes and biological functions. Which other function will the nurse accredit to genes?
a. Organizing the chromosomes and the genetic code
b. Maintaining cell cytoplasm for the preservation of cell organelles
c. Ensuring the development of all the different types of body cells
d. Producing products necessary for the organism’s function
ANS: D
Chapter: Chapter 19 Reproductive and Genetic Disorders
Chapter Learning Objective: 5. Explain the human genome and its function.
Page: 467
Heading: Genetics and Genetic Disorders
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive Level: Synthesis [Creating]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Difficult
Feedback
A. This is incorrect. The cell nucleus houses the chromosomes, the highly organized
structures that contain the genetic code, DNA. Genes are not involved in
organizing chromosomes and the genetic code.
B. This is incorrect. The cell is composed of a central enclosed core (nucleus) and
the outer area (cytoplasm), which contains fluid and other cell organelles. The
genes do not have a role in maintaining the cytoplasm for any purpose.
C. This is incorrect. Humans are composed of almost a trillion cells of different
types, each of which derives from a single cell. This single cell then
differentiates, or develops, into highly specific cell types. The genes do not play a
role in cell differentiation.
D. This is correct. Under the direction of genes, the cell cytoplasm makes products
necessary for the organism’s functions, such as growth, release of energy, and
elimination of waste products at the cellular level.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
2. The school nurse is answering questions about anatomy and physiology in a middle-
, school science class. One student asks, “How does our body become either a girl or a
boy?” Which answer will the nurse provide?
a. “Girls are born more frequently because the mother’s sex chromosome is bigger.”
b. “Fathers always give a male chromosome and the mother can give one of either
sex.”
c. “Depending on the sex chromosome from the father, the baby will be a boy or a
girl.”
d. “There is no single chromosome that makes the sex determination; it’s by
chance.”
ANS: C
Chapter: Chapter 19 Reproductive and Genetic Disorders
Chapter Learning Objective: 5. Explain the human genome and its function.
Page: 467
Heading: Genetics and Genetic Disorders > Genetic Inheritance
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Concept: Reproduction and Sexuality
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
A. This is incorrect. The female sex chromosome is larger, but the sex of a baby is
actually determined by the male.
B. This is incorrect. The female always gives an X chromosome (XX), and the male
(XY) will give either an X chromosome (XX = female) or a Y chromosome (XY
= male).
C. This is correct. The male, with two different sex chromosomes, always
determines the sex of the child.
D. This is incorrect. The sex of a child is not determined by chance; XX for female
and XY for male offspring.
PTS: 1 CON: Reproduction and Sexuality
3. The nurse is counseling parents of an infant who have just learned their child has a
cancerous tumor on a kidney. The parents keep repeating that nothing like this has
happened in either of their families. Which explanation does the nurse provide to the
parents?
a. Errors or changes in the process of cell division accounts for diseases such as
cancers.
b. Some cells just randomly begin to divide differently and create a health risk or
change.
c. Somewhere in one of the parents, a genetic defect has gone unidentified until now.
d. Most commonly defects such as cancer come equally from the genes of both
parents.
, ANS: A
Chapter: Chapter 19 Reproductive and Genetic Disorders
Chapter Learning Objective: 6. Describe errors in reproduction, including mitosis,
meiosis, and their contribution to genetic disorders.
Pages: 467–468
Heading: Genetics and Genetic Disorders > Genetic Errors
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
A. This is correct. It is important that the nurse inform the parents that errors or
changes in the process of cell division accounts for diseases such as cancers;
however, genetic errors do not contribute to inherited disorders.
B. This is incorrect. Defects can occur when the ongoing process of cell
reproduction is altered, which occurs by the process of mitosis—cell division into
identical sister cells, each with 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs of alleles.
C. This is incorrect. The presence of cancer in a baby is not the result of a genetic
defect; it is caused by a process error during mitosis.
D. This is incorrect. Cancer is not a genetic disorder caused by defective DNA from
either parent. Errors during mitosis will manifest as illnesses.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
4. The school nurse is preparing a teaching plan for 13-year-old female students about
anatomy, puberty, and reproduction. Which information does the nurse recognize as being
most important?
a. Fallopian tubes are at risk for blockage from sexually transmitted infections
(STIs).
b. Endometrium is shed during menstrual cycles.
c. Menstruation indicates an ability to become pregnant.
d. The body will undergo observable physical changes.
ANS: C
Chapter: Chapter 19 Reproductive and Genetic Disorders
Chapter Learning Objective: 1. Identify the anatomy of the male and female
reproductive systems.
Page: 453
Heading: Female Anatomy and Physiology
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. The nurse is preparing to teach a class about genetics at a workshop for nurses. The nurse
will remind the attending nurses that genes are responsible for determining our physical
attributes and biological functions. Which other function will the nurse accredit to genes?
a. Organizing the chromosomes and the genetic code
b. Maintaining cell cytoplasm for the preservation of cell organelles
c. Ensuring the development of all the different types of body cells
d. Producing products necessary for the organism’s function
ANS: D
Chapter: Chapter 19 Reproductive and Genetic Disorders
Chapter Learning Objective: 5. Explain the human genome and its function.
Page: 467
Heading: Genetics and Genetic Disorders
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Cognitive Level: Synthesis [Creating]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Difficult
Feedback
A. This is incorrect. The cell nucleus houses the chromosomes, the highly organized
structures that contain the genetic code, DNA. Genes are not involved in
organizing chromosomes and the genetic code.
B. This is incorrect. The cell is composed of a central enclosed core (nucleus) and
the outer area (cytoplasm), which contains fluid and other cell organelles. The
genes do not have a role in maintaining the cytoplasm for any purpose.
C. This is incorrect. Humans are composed of almost a trillion cells of different
types, each of which derives from a single cell. This single cell then
differentiates, or develops, into highly specific cell types. The genes do not play a
role in cell differentiation.
D. This is correct. Under the direction of genes, the cell cytoplasm makes products
necessary for the organism’s functions, such as growth, release of energy, and
elimination of waste products at the cellular level.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
2. The school nurse is answering questions about anatomy and physiology in a middle-
, school science class. One student asks, “How does our body become either a girl or a
boy?” Which answer will the nurse provide?
a. “Girls are born more frequently because the mother’s sex chromosome is bigger.”
b. “Fathers always give a male chromosome and the mother can give one of either
sex.”
c. “Depending on the sex chromosome from the father, the baby will be a boy or a
girl.”
d. “There is no single chromosome that makes the sex determination; it’s by
chance.”
ANS: C
Chapter: Chapter 19 Reproductive and Genetic Disorders
Chapter Learning Objective: 5. Explain the human genome and its function.
Page: 467
Heading: Genetics and Genetic Disorders > Genetic Inheritance
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
Concept: Reproduction and Sexuality
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
A. This is incorrect. The female sex chromosome is larger, but the sex of a baby is
actually determined by the male.
B. This is incorrect. The female always gives an X chromosome (XX), and the male
(XY) will give either an X chromosome (XX = female) or a Y chromosome (XY
= male).
C. This is correct. The male, with two different sex chromosomes, always
determines the sex of the child.
D. This is incorrect. The sex of a child is not determined by chance; XX for female
and XY for male offspring.
PTS: 1 CON: Reproduction and Sexuality
3. The nurse is counseling parents of an infant who have just learned their child has a
cancerous tumor on a kidney. The parents keep repeating that nothing like this has
happened in either of their families. Which explanation does the nurse provide to the
parents?
a. Errors or changes in the process of cell division accounts for diseases such as
cancers.
b. Some cells just randomly begin to divide differently and create a health risk or
change.
c. Somewhere in one of the parents, a genetic defect has gone unidentified until now.
d. Most commonly defects such as cancer come equally from the genes of both
parents.
, ANS: A
Chapter: Chapter 19 Reproductive and Genetic Disorders
Chapter Learning Objective: 6. Describe errors in reproduction, including mitosis,
meiosis, and their contribution to genetic disorders.
Pages: 467–468
Heading: Genetics and Genetic Disorders > Genetic Errors
Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Application [Applying]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Moderate
Feedback
A. This is correct. It is important that the nurse inform the parents that errors or
changes in the process of cell division accounts for diseases such as cancers;
however, genetic errors do not contribute to inherited disorders.
B. This is incorrect. Defects can occur when the ongoing process of cell
reproduction is altered, which occurs by the process of mitosis—cell division into
identical sister cells, each with 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs of alleles.
C. This is incorrect. The presence of cancer in a baby is not the result of a genetic
defect; it is caused by a process error during mitosis.
D. This is incorrect. Cancer is not a genetic disorder caused by defective DNA from
either parent. Errors during mitosis will manifest as illnesses.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
4. The school nurse is preparing a teaching plan for 13-year-old female students about
anatomy, puberty, and reproduction. Which information does the nurse recognize as being
most important?
a. Fallopian tubes are at risk for blockage from sexually transmitted infections
(STIs).
b. Endometrium is shed during menstrual cycles.
c. Menstruation indicates an ability to become pregnant.
d. The body will undergo observable physical changes.
ANS: C
Chapter: Chapter 19 Reproductive and Genetic Disorders
Chapter Learning Objective: 1. Identify the anatomy of the male and female
reproductive systems.
Page: 453
Heading: Female Anatomy and Physiology
Integrated Processes: Teaching and Learning
Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance
