GEG 111 EXAM 4 HARPER COLLEGE LATEST ACTUAL EXAM
Tsunamis - ANSWER: Seismic sea wave travelling at high speeds across the ocean
that is formed by sudden motion in the seafloor
Ocean's physical structure - ANSWER: Mixing zone-Warmed by sun
Thermocline transition zone-Temperature decreases with depth
Deep cold zone-Temperatures are generally near 0°C (32°F) but waters do not freeze
because of the lower freezing point of seawater
Spring vs. Neap tides - ANSWER: Spring tide-The highest tidal range occurs when the
moon is at new moon or full moon
Neap tide_Low tidal range produced during the first and third quarters of the Moon
Headlands and Bays - ANSWER: Formed on coastlines where an area of soft rock is
eroded more quickly than the hard rock in the headland
Tombolo - ANSWER: Occurs when sediment deposits connect the shoreline with an
offshore island or sea
Lagoon - ANSWER: Shallow saltwater body that is cut off from the ocean
Barrier Island - ANSWER: Large and broadened barrier beach
Breakwaters - ANSWER: Barriers that break the force of waves
Jetties - ANSWER: Breakwater constructed to protect a harbor, stretch of coast, or
riverbank
Groins - ANSWER: Barriers built at a right angle to the beach that are designed to
trap sand
Types of Reefs - ANSWER: Fringing Reefs-Grow near the coastline around islands and
continents and they are separated from the shore by narrow shallow lagoons
Barrier Reef-Form parallel the coastline but are separated by deeper, wider lagoons
with their shallowest point they can reach the water's surface forming a barrier
Atoll-Rings of coral that create protected lagoons and are usually located in the
middle of the sea.
Coral bleaching - ANSWER: Process through which corals expel their nutrient
supplying algae, turning white, leading to increased mortality
Tsunamis - ANSWER: Seismic sea wave travelling at high speeds across the ocean
that is formed by sudden motion in the seafloor
Ocean's physical structure - ANSWER: Mixing zone-Warmed by sun
Thermocline transition zone-Temperature decreases with depth
Deep cold zone-Temperatures are generally near 0°C (32°F) but waters do not freeze
because of the lower freezing point of seawater
Spring vs. Neap tides - ANSWER: Spring tide-The highest tidal range occurs when the
moon is at new moon or full moon
Neap tide_Low tidal range produced during the first and third quarters of the Moon
Headlands and Bays - ANSWER: Formed on coastlines where an area of soft rock is
eroded more quickly than the hard rock in the headland
Tombolo - ANSWER: Occurs when sediment deposits connect the shoreline with an
offshore island or sea
Lagoon - ANSWER: Shallow saltwater body that is cut off from the ocean
Barrier Island - ANSWER: Large and broadened barrier beach
Breakwaters - ANSWER: Barriers that break the force of waves
Jetties - ANSWER: Breakwater constructed to protect a harbor, stretch of coast, or
riverbank
Groins - ANSWER: Barriers built at a right angle to the beach that are designed to
trap sand
Types of Reefs - ANSWER: Fringing Reefs-Grow near the coastline around islands and
continents and they are separated from the shore by narrow shallow lagoons
Barrier Reef-Form parallel the coastline but are separated by deeper, wider lagoons
with their shallowest point they can reach the water's surface forming a barrier
Atoll-Rings of coral that create protected lagoons and are usually located in the
middle of the sea.
Coral bleaching - ANSWER: Process through which corals expel their nutrient
supplying algae, turning white, leading to increased mortality
