Peds: Final Exam Test Bank Graded A+
Questions And Answers
1) Which assessment finding for a 4-month-old infant would require further action by the nurse?
1. The posterior fontanel is open.
2. The infant has good head control when held upright.
3. The infant is able to roll only from abdomen to back.
4. The anterior fontanel is open and soft. - ANS 1. The posterior fontanel is open.
2) The nurse is providing care for a pediatric client in the emergency department (ED) with a
diagnosis of decreased level of consciousness (LOC) secondary to increased intracranial
pressure (ICP). Which healthcare provider order should the nurse question?
1. Passive range-of-motion exercises to promote hip flexion
2. Oxygen at 2 L nasal cannula to keep saturation above 95%
3. Hourly vital signs and neurologic checks
4. Elevate head of bed 30 degrees - ANS 1. Passive range-of-motion exercises to promote
hip flexion
3) A 4-year-old client with intractable seizures has been on a ketogenic diet for the last 6
months, with a decrease in seizure activity. This child is now admitted to the pediatric unit with
left-sided pain. Which possible complication to this diet does the nurse suspect?
1. Appendicitis
2. Bowel obstruction
3. Urinary tract infection
4. Kidney stones - ANS 4. Kidney stones
4) A child with a history of seizures arrives in the emergency department (ED) in status
epilepticus. Which is the priority nursing action?
1. Take vital signs.
2. Establish an intravenous line.
3. Perform rapid neurologic assessment.
4. Maintain patent airway. - ANS 4. Maintain patent airway.
,5) The nurse is teaching a mother of a young child with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder. The
child is prescribed valproic acid (Depakote) for control of seizures. Which parental statement
indicates the need for further education?
1. "I will not use carbonated beverages to dilute his medication."
2. "I will give his medicine on an empty stomach so he will absorb it better."
3. "I will not let him chew his tablet."
4. "I will bring him to the physician's office for regular blood work to check bleeding times." -
ANS 2. "I will give his medicine on an empty stomach so he will absorb it better."
6) A young child admitted to the pediatric unit has fever, irritability, and vomiting with suspected
bacterial meningitis. Which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) result should the nurse anticipate based
on these data?
1. Decreased protein count
2. Clear, straw-colored fluid
3. Positive for red blood cells (RBCs)
4. Decreased glucose level - ANS 4. Decreased glucose level
7) Which is the priority nursing diagnosis when planning care for a pediatric client who is
diagnosed with bacterial meningitis?
1. Impaired Gas Exchange
2. Risk for Infection
3. Anxiety (parental)
4. Acute Pain - ANS 1. Impaired Gas Exchange
8) The nurse is caring for a 9-month-old infant who just returned from the postanesthesia care
unit (PACU) after a shunt placement for hydrocephalus. Which healthcare provider prescription
should the nurse question?
1. Vital signs and neurologic checks hourly
2. Small, frequent formula feedings
3. Elevate head of bed
4. Daily head circumference - ANS 3. Elevate head of bed
9) A neonate with a meningomyelocele is to have surgery in the morning. Which nursing action
is appropriate for this neonate?
1. Applying a diaper to prevent contamination of sac
2. Positioning the newborn in a side-lying position
3. Encouraging the mother to hold the newborn because she will not be able to pick him up after
surgery
, 4. Positioning the newborn in a prone position - ANS 4. Positioning the newborn in a prone
position
10) Which should the nurse include in the plan of care for a hospitalized school-age child with
meningomyelocele? Select all that apply.
1. Implementing interventions for a client of normal intelligence
2. Using latex precautions when providing client care
3. Allowing the client to self-catheterize
4. Ensuring that the client has a low-fiber diet
5. Encouraging the client to shift positions hourly when in the wheelchair - ANS 1.
Implementing interventions for a client of normal intelligence
2. Using latex precautions when providing client care
3. Allowing the client to self-catheterize
5. Encouraging the client to shift positions hourly when in the wheelchair
11) Which side effect should the nurse include in the parent teaching for a child who is
prescribed a baclofen pump for cerebral palsy?
1. Diarrhea
2. Hypertonia
3. Hypotonia
4. Restlessness - ANS 3. Hypotonia
12) A 9-month-old infant who is not sitting independently has been diagnosed with ataxic
cerebral palsy (CP). Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see in the baby?
1. Hypotonia and muscle instability
2. Hypertonia and persistence primitive reflexes
3. Tremors and exaggerated posturing
4. Hemiplegia and hypertonia - ANS 1. Hypotonia and muscle instability
13) A pediatric client is admitted to the emergency department with a traumatic brain injury (TBI)
that caused a loss of consciousness. The last set of vital signs showed heart rate 48, blood
pressure (BP) 148/74 mmHg, respiratory rate 28 and irregular. Which does the nurse suspect
based on these data?
1. Spinal cord injury
2. Increased intracranial pressure.
3. Typical for sleep
4. Improvement - ANS 2. Increased intracranial pressure.
14) Which clinical manifestation should the nurse monitor for when assessing a pediatric client
who is diagnosed with a basilar skull fracture?
Questions And Answers
1) Which assessment finding for a 4-month-old infant would require further action by the nurse?
1. The posterior fontanel is open.
2. The infant has good head control when held upright.
3. The infant is able to roll only from abdomen to back.
4. The anterior fontanel is open and soft. - ANS 1. The posterior fontanel is open.
2) The nurse is providing care for a pediatric client in the emergency department (ED) with a
diagnosis of decreased level of consciousness (LOC) secondary to increased intracranial
pressure (ICP). Which healthcare provider order should the nurse question?
1. Passive range-of-motion exercises to promote hip flexion
2. Oxygen at 2 L nasal cannula to keep saturation above 95%
3. Hourly vital signs and neurologic checks
4. Elevate head of bed 30 degrees - ANS 1. Passive range-of-motion exercises to promote
hip flexion
3) A 4-year-old client with intractable seizures has been on a ketogenic diet for the last 6
months, with a decrease in seizure activity. This child is now admitted to the pediatric unit with
left-sided pain. Which possible complication to this diet does the nurse suspect?
1. Appendicitis
2. Bowel obstruction
3. Urinary tract infection
4. Kidney stones - ANS 4. Kidney stones
4) A child with a history of seizures arrives in the emergency department (ED) in status
epilepticus. Which is the priority nursing action?
1. Take vital signs.
2. Establish an intravenous line.
3. Perform rapid neurologic assessment.
4. Maintain patent airway. - ANS 4. Maintain patent airway.
,5) The nurse is teaching a mother of a young child with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder. The
child is prescribed valproic acid (Depakote) for control of seizures. Which parental statement
indicates the need for further education?
1. "I will not use carbonated beverages to dilute his medication."
2. "I will give his medicine on an empty stomach so he will absorb it better."
3. "I will not let him chew his tablet."
4. "I will bring him to the physician's office for regular blood work to check bleeding times." -
ANS 2. "I will give his medicine on an empty stomach so he will absorb it better."
6) A young child admitted to the pediatric unit has fever, irritability, and vomiting with suspected
bacterial meningitis. Which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) result should the nurse anticipate based
on these data?
1. Decreased protein count
2. Clear, straw-colored fluid
3. Positive for red blood cells (RBCs)
4. Decreased glucose level - ANS 4. Decreased glucose level
7) Which is the priority nursing diagnosis when planning care for a pediatric client who is
diagnosed with bacterial meningitis?
1. Impaired Gas Exchange
2. Risk for Infection
3. Anxiety (parental)
4. Acute Pain - ANS 1. Impaired Gas Exchange
8) The nurse is caring for a 9-month-old infant who just returned from the postanesthesia care
unit (PACU) after a shunt placement for hydrocephalus. Which healthcare provider prescription
should the nurse question?
1. Vital signs and neurologic checks hourly
2. Small, frequent formula feedings
3. Elevate head of bed
4. Daily head circumference - ANS 3. Elevate head of bed
9) A neonate with a meningomyelocele is to have surgery in the morning. Which nursing action
is appropriate for this neonate?
1. Applying a diaper to prevent contamination of sac
2. Positioning the newborn in a side-lying position
3. Encouraging the mother to hold the newborn because she will not be able to pick him up after
surgery
, 4. Positioning the newborn in a prone position - ANS 4. Positioning the newborn in a prone
position
10) Which should the nurse include in the plan of care for a hospitalized school-age child with
meningomyelocele? Select all that apply.
1. Implementing interventions for a client of normal intelligence
2. Using latex precautions when providing client care
3. Allowing the client to self-catheterize
4. Ensuring that the client has a low-fiber diet
5. Encouraging the client to shift positions hourly when in the wheelchair - ANS 1.
Implementing interventions for a client of normal intelligence
2. Using latex precautions when providing client care
3. Allowing the client to self-catheterize
5. Encouraging the client to shift positions hourly when in the wheelchair
11) Which side effect should the nurse include in the parent teaching for a child who is
prescribed a baclofen pump for cerebral palsy?
1. Diarrhea
2. Hypertonia
3. Hypotonia
4. Restlessness - ANS 3. Hypotonia
12) A 9-month-old infant who is not sitting independently has been diagnosed with ataxic
cerebral palsy (CP). Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see in the baby?
1. Hypotonia and muscle instability
2. Hypertonia and persistence primitive reflexes
3. Tremors and exaggerated posturing
4. Hemiplegia and hypertonia - ANS 1. Hypotonia and muscle instability
13) A pediatric client is admitted to the emergency department with a traumatic brain injury (TBI)
that caused a loss of consciousness. The last set of vital signs showed heart rate 48, blood
pressure (BP) 148/74 mmHg, respiratory rate 28 and irregular. Which does the nurse suspect
based on these data?
1. Spinal cord injury
2. Increased intracranial pressure.
3. Typical for sleep
4. Improvement - ANS 2. Increased intracranial pressure.
14) Which clinical manifestation should the nurse monitor for when assessing a pediatric client
who is diagnosed with a basilar skull fracture?
