GI EXAM
The incidence of stomach cancer has significantly decreased in the United States, yet it remains
the leading cause of death worldwide. The nurse understands the reason for the high mortality
rate in stomach cancer is because of which of the following reasons? - ANS Patients have few
early symptoms of the disease.
Pharmacologic treatment for peptic ulcers has changed over the past several decades. The
nurse knows that the goal for pharmacologic treatment is focused on which of the following? -
ANS Eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
A 28-year-old man presents with complaints of diarrhea, fecal urgency, and weight loss. His
stool is light-colored and malodorous, and it tends to float and be difficult to flush. He has also
noted tender, red bumps on his shins and complains of pain and stiffness in his elbows and
knees. Sigmoidoscopy reveals discontinuous, granulomatous lesions; no blood is detected in
his stool. Which of the following diagnoses would his care team first suspect? - ANS Crohn
disease
Crohn's disease is treated by several measures. Treatment with corticosteroids focuses on
which of the following? - ANS Inflammatory suppression
In patients with acute diarrhea, many require no treatment. However, the nurse knows the
priority assessment in all patients with diarrhea is which of the following? - ANS Fluid and
electrolyte status
The nurse has been providing dietary teaching to a client diagnosed with irritable bowel
syndrome. The nurse determines that the teaching was effective when the client selects: - ANS
A bran muffin, fruit, and orange juice.
A nurse is conducting a health promotion class on healthy cooking. The nurse includes the
importance of ensuring that all hamburgers are cooked completely before ingesting to prevent
which of the following? - ANS Escherichia coli
A teenager who has a history of achalasia will likely complain of which of the following clinical
manifestations? - ANS Feeling like there is food stuck in the back of the throat
In the balance of secretions in the gastric mucosa by the parietal cells, which of the following
ions is produced to buffer the production of hydrochloric acid? - ANS HCO3-
After several months of persistent heartburn, a 57 year-old female client has been diagnosed
with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the following treatment regimens is
, likely to best address the woman's health problem? - ANS Proton pump inhibitors; avoiding
large meals; remaining upright after meals
A 22 year-old student has developed a fever and diarrhea while on a backpacking trip in
Southeast Asia. His oral temperature is 101.40 F. The diarrhea is bloody, frequent, and small in
volume. These clinical manifestations are sufficiently distressing that he/she is visiting a local
medical clinic in the area. Which of the following diagnoses best characterizes this health
problem? - ANS Inflammatory diarrhea
The cause of gastric carcinomas has been influenced by which of the following factors? Select
all that apply. - ANS • Strain of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
• Environmental factors
• Family history
A nurse reading a sigmoidoscopy report notes that a patient was found to have skip lesions.
The nurse interprets this as an indication of which of the following? - ANS Crohn's disease
An elderly patient presents with loose mucousy stools. The nurse suspects the patient has
Clostridium difficile. What is a priority assessment for the nurse? - ANS Ask the patient about
his or her antibiotic use.
A client has developed a ruptured appendix. The nurse is aware the client is at high risk for: -
ANS Peritonitis
A client is diagnosed with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Which of the following clinical
manifestations confirm this diagnosis? Select all that apply. - ANS • Burning, gnawing pain
when the stomach is empty
• Pain located near the midline close to the xiphoid process
A nurse administering a patient's medication tells the patient that a proton pump inhibitor has
been added. When the patient asks the purpose of the medication, the nurse responds that it is
to prevent which of the following? - ANS Stress ulcer
A patient is diagnosed with Crohn's disease. The nurse instructs the patient on which of the
following types of dietary needs? - ANS High-calorie, vitamin, and protein diet
A patient has recently been diagnosed with H. pylori gastritis. The nurse knows that this form of
gastritis is usually treated with a combination of an antibiotic and: - ANS Proton pump inhibitors.
The nurse is teaching her patient with hepatobiliary disease about her diet. She tells her that
she may have steatorrhea, which is the malabsorption of which dietary component? - ANS Fat
Select the client at greatest risk for developing colorectal cancer. - ANS A 64-year-old female
whose mother had colorectal cancer
The incidence of stomach cancer has significantly decreased in the United States, yet it remains
the leading cause of death worldwide. The nurse understands the reason for the high mortality
rate in stomach cancer is because of which of the following reasons? - ANS Patients have few
early symptoms of the disease.
Pharmacologic treatment for peptic ulcers has changed over the past several decades. The
nurse knows that the goal for pharmacologic treatment is focused on which of the following? -
ANS Eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
A 28-year-old man presents with complaints of diarrhea, fecal urgency, and weight loss. His
stool is light-colored and malodorous, and it tends to float and be difficult to flush. He has also
noted tender, red bumps on his shins and complains of pain and stiffness in his elbows and
knees. Sigmoidoscopy reveals discontinuous, granulomatous lesions; no blood is detected in
his stool. Which of the following diagnoses would his care team first suspect? - ANS Crohn
disease
Crohn's disease is treated by several measures. Treatment with corticosteroids focuses on
which of the following? - ANS Inflammatory suppression
In patients with acute diarrhea, many require no treatment. However, the nurse knows the
priority assessment in all patients with diarrhea is which of the following? - ANS Fluid and
electrolyte status
The nurse has been providing dietary teaching to a client diagnosed with irritable bowel
syndrome. The nurse determines that the teaching was effective when the client selects: - ANS
A bran muffin, fruit, and orange juice.
A nurse is conducting a health promotion class on healthy cooking. The nurse includes the
importance of ensuring that all hamburgers are cooked completely before ingesting to prevent
which of the following? - ANS Escherichia coli
A teenager who has a history of achalasia will likely complain of which of the following clinical
manifestations? - ANS Feeling like there is food stuck in the back of the throat
In the balance of secretions in the gastric mucosa by the parietal cells, which of the following
ions is produced to buffer the production of hydrochloric acid? - ANS HCO3-
After several months of persistent heartburn, a 57 year-old female client has been diagnosed
with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the following treatment regimens is
, likely to best address the woman's health problem? - ANS Proton pump inhibitors; avoiding
large meals; remaining upright after meals
A 22 year-old student has developed a fever and diarrhea while on a backpacking trip in
Southeast Asia. His oral temperature is 101.40 F. The diarrhea is bloody, frequent, and small in
volume. These clinical manifestations are sufficiently distressing that he/she is visiting a local
medical clinic in the area. Which of the following diagnoses best characterizes this health
problem? - ANS Inflammatory diarrhea
The cause of gastric carcinomas has been influenced by which of the following factors? Select
all that apply. - ANS • Strain of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
• Environmental factors
• Family history
A nurse reading a sigmoidoscopy report notes that a patient was found to have skip lesions.
The nurse interprets this as an indication of which of the following? - ANS Crohn's disease
An elderly patient presents with loose mucousy stools. The nurse suspects the patient has
Clostridium difficile. What is a priority assessment for the nurse? - ANS Ask the patient about
his or her antibiotic use.
A client has developed a ruptured appendix. The nurse is aware the client is at high risk for: -
ANS Peritonitis
A client is diagnosed with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Which of the following clinical
manifestations confirm this diagnosis? Select all that apply. - ANS • Burning, gnawing pain
when the stomach is empty
• Pain located near the midline close to the xiphoid process
A nurse administering a patient's medication tells the patient that a proton pump inhibitor has
been added. When the patient asks the purpose of the medication, the nurse responds that it is
to prevent which of the following? - ANS Stress ulcer
A patient is diagnosed with Crohn's disease. The nurse instructs the patient on which of the
following types of dietary needs? - ANS High-calorie, vitamin, and protein diet
A patient has recently been diagnosed with H. pylori gastritis. The nurse knows that this form of
gastritis is usually treated with a combination of an antibiotic and: - ANS Proton pump inhibitors.
The nurse is teaching her patient with hepatobiliary disease about her diet. She tells her that
she may have steatorrhea, which is the malabsorption of which dietary component? - ANS Fat
Select the client at greatest risk for developing colorectal cancer. - ANS A 64-year-old female
whose mother had colorectal cancer
